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Gender-Inclusive Climate Change Policies in Latin America
6 marzo 2015
Tatiana GumucioGender Postdoctoral Fellow
Outline
I. Latin America regional initiativeII. Overview of gender integration in CC policies in LAMIII. Challenges and opportunitiesIV. Conclusions
A regional initiative
• Regional workshop prior to COP20• Gender integration in public policies: integral to confront
climate change • Working group: to develop knowledge, key
considerations and synergies for gender inclusion in CC policies Ministries and Secretaries of Agriculture and rural development
organizations from Latin American countries Share information and diverse experiences on gender integration
from their institutions
Experiences from Limaworkshop
• Lack of sex-disaggregated data• Lack of articulation between national and local levels• Disrecognition of women’s role in production and
technology• Women-focused programs fail to address:
Climate change Gender inequalities
Photo by: Manon Koningstein (CIAT)
Recommendations
• Build knowledge on best practices• Significance of multi-level forums for continuous
knowledge exchange• CIAT/CCAF’s role: develop tools and knowledge
products for gender integration
Photo by: Manon Koningstein (CIAT)
CCAFS LAM activity
• Overview of gender inclusion in policy related to CC and agriculture in CCAFS LAM target countries
• Review of 105 policy documents: CC, agriculture and food security
• Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Peru; Central American Region
Rubric for degree of gender integration
Grade Level of gender integrationGrade 1 No reference to gender issues
Grade 2 Gender mentioned in overall objectives but absent from subsequent implementation levels
Grade 3 Gender clearly presented as one relevant entry point in relation to main objective, but absence of clear road map leading to implementation
Grade 4 Gender included in action plan, but absence of clear earmarked resources for implementation
Grade 5 Gender included in document from objective down to action plan, with clear resources identified for implementation
Source: Gumucio and Tafur Rueda, 2015
Results: by country
1* 2** 3*** 4**** 5*****0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Gender Integration in Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security Policies in Latin American Countries
Costa Rica Nicaragua Colombia PeruEl Salvador Honduras Guatemala Central American Region
Grade of Gender Integration
Num
ber o
f Doc
umen
ts
Source: Gumucio and Tafur Rueda, 2015
Results: agriculture and food security
1* 2** 3*** 4**** 5*****0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Gender Integration in the Agriculture and Food Security Sector
Nicaragua Honduras Costa RicaEl Salvador Guatemala Central American Region
Grade of gender integration
Num
ber o
f doc
umen
ts
Source: Gumucio and Tafur Rueda, 2015
Results: climate change
1* 2** 3*** 4**** 5*****0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Gender Integration in Climate Change Policies, Laws, Plans, and Strategies
Nicaragua Honduras Peru Costa RicaEl Salvador Guatemala Central American Region Colombia
Grade of gender integration
Num
ber o
f doc
umen
ts
Source: Gumucio and Tafur Rueda, 2015
Discussion: articulation among sectors
• Policies exist that integrate gender on themes like agriculture and development planning CC policymaking does not take them into account
• Various agricultural sector policies integrate gender But they do not address climate change
Post COP21: Challenges
• Lack of awareness of importance of gender concerns within various levels of government
• Resources for gender specialists within institutions• Agreement on gender concepts among partner
organizations• Institutional decision-making processes that fail to
clearly articulate gender focus within policies and programs
• Need for gender-sensitive monitoring and evaluation of projects
Suggestions for best practices
• Participatory processes promote gender integration• International and national policies on gender and social
inclusion provide critical guidance• Alliances that include the state and civil society promote
greater commitment at the institutional level
Photo by: Manon Koningstein (CIAT)
Opportunities: Grassrootsengagement
• Rural women’s organizations, development agencies, and university programs in Colombia
• Grassroots experiences: Need for capacity building for rural women on climate change Need to visibilize the differential effects of CC on men and
women Effective strategies must reflect community interests
− Need to involve men and women in policymaking processes Importance of social differentiation focus
Conclusions
• Efforts being made but significant challenges
• Necessary to capitalize on opportunities Alliances with civil society Participatory processes to connect with local experiences Make visible gender-differentiated impacts of CC
− Empirical research Documentation of case studies and best practices Forums for knowledge exchange
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