Adolescence – A Period of “Stress and Strain”

Taxila Group B.Ed. 2009-2010

Outline Introduction to Adolescence

Definition A period of ‘stress and strain’

Physical and motor development Social development Role of School and teachers in fostering

Adolescent development. Physical-Motor Development Social-Emotional Development

Conclusion

IntroductionIntroduction Adolescence = ‘adolescere’

(Latin) – to grow into maturity Transition from childhood to

adulthood 10-19 years (WHO) Onset: Menarche

End: less well defined – depends upon the age of attainment of adult independence

Definitions

Dorothy Rogers: A process rather than a period, a process of achieving the attitudes and beliefs needed for effective participation in society.

G.R. Medinnus and R.C.Johnson: Adolescence begins when signs of sexual maturity begin to occur in both physical and social development and ends when the individual assumes adult roles and is concerned in most ways as an adult by his reference group.

A Period of “Stress and Strain”

Internal Factors: Emotional Changes

Hormones Physical changes

Appearance Change in voice Reproductive

organs and sexual development

External Factors: Changing relationship

with parents Peer influence and

pressure Career consciousness Identity formation

Physical DevelopmentBoys

Increase in height Growth spurt Permanent teeth are in Oily skin Broadening of shoulders Development of muscles Change in voice Appearance of hair on face, armpit and

other places Manifestation of sexual desires Masturbation

Physical Development

Girls Beginning of menstruation Enlargement of breasts Increase in height Broadening of hips Growth spurt Permanent teeth are in Oily skin Appearance of hair on armpit and other places

Social Development

Increased friendly relationships

Sexual social relationships

Loyalty to community Changing family

relationships - Autonomy Identity v Role confusion

(Erik Erikson)

Role of School and Teacher in Adolescent Development

PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT

Role of School Sports and Physical exercise Activities promoting motor development –

spinning, weaving, woodwork etc. Nutrition Education – Anorexia nervosa, Bulimia Medical check – up Sex education

PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT(CONTD.)

Role of TeacherRole of Teacher Seating arrangements and lighting Seating arrangements and lighting Understand physical development.Understand physical development. Motivate students for physical exercise.Motivate students for physical exercise. Physical health and nutrition information during Physical health and nutrition information during

PTAs.PTAs. Answer questions and concerns Answer questions and concerns

SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT

Creative and Democratic concept of discipline

Rich and varied curriculum Appointment of competent and

confident teachers Provision of Sex education Freedom for self development Provision of Co-curricular activities

SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT

Due regard to Individual differences Use of dynamic methods of teaching. Guidance and counselling Encourage involvement in group

activities Praise adolescents for their efforts as

well as abilities Be aware of what students are doing

Conclusion

Adolescence A period of ‘challenges and potential’

Physical, motor and social development during adolescence

Role of School and teachers in fostering Adolescent development.

Thank You

“There is a tide which begins to rise in the veins of youth at the age of eleven or twelve. It is called by the name of adolescence. If the tide can be taken as flood, and a new voyage began in the stream and along the flow of its current, we think it will move on to fortune.

Hadow Report (1926)