By:By: DR- bushra MohammedDR- bushra Mohammed

OBJECTIVES

a)Discuss the distribution of total body a)Discuss the distribution of total body H2O (TWB) in the bodyH2O (TWB) in the body

b) List the ionic composition of b) List the ionic composition of different body compartments different body compartments

  c) Explain the principles of c) Explain the principles of

measurements measurements   

BODY AS AN OPEN SYTEMBODY AS AN OPEN SYTEMBODY EXCHANGES MATERIALS AND ENERGYWITH ITS SURROUNDINGS

RouteRoute Range Range (l/day)(l/day)

Regulatory Regulatory influencesinfluences

Insensible - Insensible - lungslungs

0.3-0.40.3-0.4 Atmospheric Atmospheric vapor vapor

pressure pressure (temperature)(temperature)

Insensible - Insensible - skinskin

0.35-0.40.35-0.4 10x increase 10x increase in burn in burn victimsvictims

SweatSweat 0.1-2 (per 0.1-2 (per hour)hour)

Temperature, Temperature, exerciseexercise

FecesFeces 0.1-0.20.1-0.2 Diarrheal Diarrheal diseasedisease

UrineUrine 0.5-1.4-200.5-1.4-20 Body fluid Body fluid compositioncomposition

FACTORS AFFECTING

Total Body H2O

varies depending on body fat:

1. Infant: 73-80%

2. Male adult: 60%

3. Female adult: 40-50%

4. Effects of obesity

5. Old age 45%

6. Climate Level of physical activity

PERCENTAGE OF H2O IN TISSUES

FLUID COMPARTMENTS

EXTRA CELLUAR INTRA CELLULAR FLUID (cytosol)FLUID

PLASMA INTERSTITIAL TRANSCELLULAR FLUID FLUID

1. CSF2. Intra ocular3. Pleural4. Peritoneal5. Synovial6. Digestive Secretions

Average 70 kg person total body weight42 litres total H2O 60% 28 l. Intracellular fluid (ICF) 40%14 l. Extracellular fluid (ECF) 20%

% is important in fluid therapydivided into ¾ ISF and ¼ plasma water

10.5 l. Interstitial fluid (ISF) 15%

3.5 l. Plasma water 5%

PERCENTAGE OF WATER IN TISSUES

1. Semipermeable membrane

2. Movement some solute obstructed

3. H2O (solvent) crosses freely

4. End point:

1. H2O moves until solute concentration on both sides of the membrane is equal

2. OR, an opposing force prevents further movement