COMMUNICATION AND INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS

PRESENTED BYPRASEEDHA. S

M SC NURSING 1ST YEAR

05/02/2023

COMMUNICATION

DEFINITION

1. According to Aristotle, communication is a means of persuasion to influence the other so that the desired effect is achieved.

2. Another definition by Paul Leagens, it is a process by which two or more people exchange ideas, facts, feelings or impressions in ways that each gains a common understanding of meaning, intent and use of a message.

CONTD..3. Communication is the process of

passing information and understanding from one Person to another. It is essentially a bridge of meaning between people. By using this bridge of meaning a person can safely cross the river of misunderstanding that separates all people. [Prof. Dasguptha]

4. Sending, giving or exchanging ideas and information, which it often expressed nonverbally or verbally. [Webster]

OBJECTIVES 1. Develop Information and

understanding.2. Foster an attitude necessary for

motivation.3. Discourage the spread of

misinformation, 4. Encourage ideas and suggestions

from subordinates.5. Improve relationship.6. Ensure free exchange of

information and ideas.7.maintain social relations among

human beings. 

MODELS OF COMMUNICATION

1. Shannon’s model of communication process (1948)

General model of the process.

Breaks the process of communication into eight discrete components.

CONTD..2.  Aristotle triad of communication (350 BC)

3 elements for effective communication are:

A. Speaker

B. Subject

C. Audience

CONTD..3. The linear model [Telegraph

model] 1948.

4. The technology model of communication is based on the telegraph model.

CONTD..5. Interactional Model (1950's)

MESSAGE

DECODERRECEIVER

INTERPRETER

MESSAGE

ENCODERSENDER

INTERPRETER

CONTD..6. SMCR model(Berlo,1960 )

The simplest and most influential message-centered model by David Berlo.

Essentially an adaptation of the Shannon-Weaver model.

CONTD..7. Transactional Model (1960)

8. Convergence model of communication(Kin kaid 1980)

SENDER RECEIVER

CONTD..9. The ecological model of the communication process.

The ecological model of communication asserts that communication occurs in the interjection of fundamental construct.

15

ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATION

Types

Formal

Informal

1. FORMAL COMMUNICATION Easiest way to communicate

in the workplace.

Includes – Vertical communication _ Downward communication _ Upward communication _ Horizontal, Interscalar or lateral communication

IIPM SS 11-13 i(A2) 18

INFORMAL COMMUNICATION- Grows out of the social interactions among people who work together.- Not found by any chart on the wall but are bound by customs and cultures.-PATTERNS:

a. Straight chain patterns b. Star patternc. Probability patterns d. Lyster net

FACTORS INFLUENCING COMMUNICATION

1. Perceptions2. Values3. Emotions4. Socio-cultural background5. Knowledge6. Role and relationships7. Environment8. Space and territoriality

BARRIERS OF COMMUNICATION

1. Physical/environmental barriers

2. Personal barriers

3. Physiological barriers

4. Psychological barriers

5. Cultural barriers

6. Background barriers

-previous learning

-cultural background

-previous environment of working etc.

INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIP

MEANINGIt is the learning experience where by two people interacts to phase an immediate health problem to share if possible in reserving it in to adopt a situation.

THEORETICAL ASSERTIONThe purpose of nursing achieved

though the establishment of a human to human relationship.

The human condition is shared by all human being.

Most people at one time or another and in varying degrees will experience joy, contentment, happiness and love.

All persons, at sometime in their lives will be confronted by illness and pain.

CONTD..The quality and quantity of nursing

care delivered to an ill human being is greatly influenced by nurse’s perception of the client.

The term patient and nurses are stereotyped and only useful for communicate economy.

The roles of the nurse and patients must be transcended to establish a human to human relatedness.

CONTD..Illness and suffering are spiritual

encounters as well as emotional physical experience,

Communication process enables the nurses to establish a human to human relationship and there by fulfill the purpose of the nursing profession

Individual can be assisted to find meaning in the experience of illness and suffering then individual can cope with the problem endangered by this experience.

CONTD..The spiritual and ethical values of the nurse, about illness and suffering will determine the extent to which she will be able to assist individuals and families to find meaning in this difficult experience.

It is the responsibility of the professional nurse practitioner to assist individuals and families to find meaning in illness and suffering.

 PRINCIPLE OF IPR

1. Learn everyone's name and never address anyone by any nick name.

2. Respect every one's individually. Each member of a team is as important as the other (Keep up the status of the every member).

3. Do not impose anything on anybody.

4. Keep emotion under control5. Don't be afraid to admit

ignorance

CONTD..6. Do not give and take personal favour7. The team leader should not make

any excuse regarding his or her responsibility

8. Develop habits of listening and focus attention on the problem

9. Do not do or say anything that will disturb other's faith

10. Give importance others and practice justice

CONTD..11. The members of team should be loyal,

honest, dependable and willing to carry out the directions of the team leader.

12. There should be team spirit or team feeling among the members. Each member should work for the interest of the group.

13. There should be mutual understanding between the members. They should be willing to give and take corrections

.

CONTD..14. There should be delegation of

responsibility in a group and every member should carry out his or her responsibility to the satisfaction of the group

15. The relationship between the members of a group should be decent and considerate.

16. Teach the newcomer about the job. Make sure that all the assignments are understood

CONTD..17. The newcomer of the group

should feel at home when he joins the group.

18. Establish a good rapport among the members in order to achieve the aim.

19. Every member should be familiar with the organizations plan and the policies of the group.

20. Be up to date with the information that is going around.

CONTD..21. Avoid arguments in the group.22. Talk in terms of other man's

interest.23. Praise the slightest

improvement made by others. Use words of encouragement

24. Have a smiling face always.25. Prepare yourself mentally to

accept the worst if necessary.

CHARACTERSTICS OF IPR

Helping relationship is a therapeutic relationship in nursing which promoting a psychological climate that brings a positive change in the client and promote his group.-Facilitative characteristics -Action orientation

FACILITATIVE CHARACTERISTICS

1. Trust2. Empathy3. Caring4. Autonomy and mutuality5. Geniuses6. Non possessive warmth

ACTION ORIENTATION

Concreteness in communication

Immediacy

Sensitive confrontation

INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION

It occurs between two or more person with a goal to exchange messages.

BIBLIOGRAPHYBasheer. S. P .khan S.Y.A Concise

textbook of advanced nursing practice.1st edition. Bangalore: Emmess medical publishers; 2012 page no: 551-560

  Soni. S. Textbook of advanced

nursing practice.1st edition. New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers(p)Ltd; 2013

Page no: 134-149

      

CONTD..Kozier. B. Erb. G.

Berman.A.Burke.K. Fundamentals of Nursing- concepts process and practice. 7th edition. New Delhi: Dorling Kindersley(p)Ltd; 2006

Page no: 458-473

 Www.Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.pubmed/

25512941

CONTD..

Www. Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.pubmed/25533237 Www. Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.pubmed /22415748 Www. Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.pubmed/22709720   

CONTD..Neeraja K P. Textbook of Communication

and Education Technology for Nurses.1ST edition. New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd; 2011. PAGE NO: 489-504

Sankaranarayanan B. Sindhu. B. Learning &

Teaching Nursing. 4th Edition. New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers medical publishers (p) Ltd; 2012. PAGE NO: 145-153

…in the new global and diverse workplace requires

excellent communication skills!

Success for YOU…