Congenital abomalities

FETAL CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES 2013

Mendi General Hospital

Papua New Guinea

FETAL CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES 2013

Mendi General Hospital

Papua New Guinea

Some of the Congenital abnormalities delivered @ our Birthing Units

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Congenital disorder• A congenital disorder, or congenital disease, is a condition existing at

birth and often before birth, or that develops during the first month of life (neonatal disease), regardless of causation. Of these diseases, those characterized by structural deformities are termed "congenital anomalies" and involve defects in or damage to a developing fetus.

• A congenital disorder may be the result of genetic abnormalities, the intrauterine (uterus) environment, errors of morphogenesis, infection, or a chromosomal abnormality. The outcome of the disorder will depend on complex interactions between the pre-natal deficit and the post-natal environment.Animal studies indicate that the mother's (and possibly but less probably the father's) diet, vitamin intake, and glucose levels prior to ovulation and conception have long-term effects on fetal growth and adolescent and adult disease. Congenital disorders vary widely in causation and abnormalities. Any substance that causes birth defects is known as a teratogen. Some disorders can be detected before birth through prenatal diagnosis (screening).

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congenital_disorder

Hydrocephalus-congenital anomalies of the nervous system

Hydrocephalus - known as "water on the brain", is a medical condition in which there is an abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the ventricles, or cavities, of the brain. This may cause increased intracranial pressure inside the skull and progressive enlargement of the head, convulsion, tunnel vision, and mental disability.-http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrocephalus



Spina bifida-Congenital anomalies of the nervous system

Spina bifida: is a developmental congenital disorder caused by the incomplete closing of the embryonic neural tube. Some vertebrae overlying the spinal cord are not fully formed and remain unfused and open. If the opening is large enough, this allows a portion of the spinal cord to protrude through the opening in the bones. There may or may not be a fluid-filled sac surrounding the spinal cord





Anencephaly- congenital nomalies of the nervous system

Anencephaly is the absence of a major portion of the brain, skull, and scalp that occurs during embryonic development.[1] It is a cephalic disorder that results from a neural tube defect that occurs when the rostral (head) end of the neural tube fails to close, usually between the 23rd and 26th days of conception.

Omphalocele- Abdominal wall defect

An omphalocele- is a type of abdominal wall defect in which the intestines, liver, and occasionally other organs remain outside of the abdomen in a sac because of a defect in the development of the muscles of the abdominal wall (exomphalos) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omphalocele.



Gastroschisis- Abdominal wall defect

Gastroschisis- a congenital defect characterized by a defect in the anterior abdominal wall through which the abdominal contents freely protrude. There is no overlying sac and the size of the defect is usually less than 4 cm. The abdominal wall defect is located at the junction of the umbilicus and normal skin, and is almost always to the right of the umbilicus. The defect occurs 5-8 weeks after conception, most likely due to a disruption of the blood supply to the developing abdominal wall. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastroschisis



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Congenital abomalities