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DURAL TUMOURS. Dr. NIKRISH S HEGDE

Dural tumors made easy (radiology)

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Page 1: Dural tumors made easy (radiology)

DURAL TUMOURS.

Dr. NIKRISH S HEGDE

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MENINGIOMA

Most common tumor to originate

from the meninges.

Most common non glial primary brain

tumor.

M:F 1:2 ; 40 – 60 yrs

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HISTOLOGY.Meningothelial cells.

Specialised meningothelial cells

known as arachnoid cap cell.

Few arise from dural fibroblasts.

Choroid plexus and Arachnoid

associated with cranial nerves.

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CYTOGENETIC.

Chromosome 22

Neurofibromatosis type 2

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Related to sex hormones.

Common in women, correlated with

breast cancer and increase in size in

pregnancy.

Hormonal receptors.

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GROSS

Globose : spherical or lobulated

Enplaque: flat , carpet like infiltrative lesion.

Sessile / Pedunculated

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CLASSIC DESCRIPTION

Syncytial

Fibrous

Transitional

Angioblastic

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WHO CLASSIFICATION

Benign

Atypical

Anaplastic

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LOCATION

Extra axial dural based lesions.

Majority are supratentorial

Dural venous sinuses, confluence of

cranial sutures & arachnoid

granulations.

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Parasagittal 25%

Convexity 20%

Sphenoid ridge 20%

Olfactory 5%

Para sellar 5%

Posterior fossa 10%

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C/F

Asymptomatic

10% symptomatic

Depends on the locations

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Hemiparesis and seizures

Visual field defects

Multiple cranial nerve palsies

Anosmia

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IMAGING

Plain Film

Angiography

CT

MRI

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PLAIN FILM

Bone erosions

Hyperostosis

Tumoral calcifications

Enlarged Vascular channels

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ANGIOGRAPHY

Dual supply

Centrally – Sunburst Pattern &

peripherally by pial branches

Late phase – mother in law sign

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CT

Well circumscribed lobulated mass

Abuts the dural surface at obtuse angle.

Majority are hyperdense

Calcification and bone destruction

Edema

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NECT

90% homogenous enhancement

5-10% rim like enhancement

Inhomogeneous enhancement-

mushrooming

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MRI

CSF cleft

Displaced grey white matter

interface

4 th ventricle compressed

Ipsilateral CPA Cistern enlarged

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T1 -   

isointense: ~ 60-90%

somewhat hypointense: ~ 10-

40% compared to grey matter

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T2 -

isointense: ~ 50%

hyperintense: ~ 35-40%

very hyperintense lesions may

represent the microcystic variant 12

hypointense: ~ 10-15% compared to

grey matter

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T1 C+ (Gd) - usually intense and

homogenous enhancement.

Moderate to severe peritumoral

edema.

Dural tail sign.

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DURAL TAIL SIGN

occurs as a result of thickening of the

dura

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DWI

atypical and malignant sub types may

show greater than expected restricted

diffusion although recent work suggests

that this is not useful in prospectively

predicting histological grade

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HEMANGIOPERICYTOMA

“Uncertain origin”

Well circumscribed lesions

Highly Vascular.

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40-60 yrs

Male preponderance

Show recurrences and extra

neural metastasis.

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ANGIOGRAPHY

Hypervascular

Heterogeneous tumor stain

Dual Supply

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CT

NECT – Heterogeneous

CECT – Heterogeneous

enhancement

Cystic and necrotic areas

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MRI

Extra axial

T1 – Iso

PD – Hyper

T2 - Hetero

Shows inhomogenous enhancement.

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MELANOCYTOMA

Benign tumours.

Leptomeningeal melanocytes.

Locations - Foramen magnum, the

posterior fossa, Meckel’s cave, or

adjacent to cranial nerve nuclei.

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C/F

4th – 5th decade

Size & Location.

Pain , weakness & sensory

defecits.

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CT

NECT - hyper

well defined lesion

CECT – Homogeneous

enhancement.

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MRI

T1 : isointense or hyperintense

T2 : isointense or hypointense

T1 C+ (Gd) : heterogenous enhancement

T2* GRE : may show blooming of low

signal

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CT

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MRI

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THANK YOU