DyslexiaDyslexia

BYG.HEMAMALINI

What is it?What is it?

• Dyslexia is a learning disability that hinders Dyslexia is a learning disability that hinders a person’s a person’s ability to read, write, spell, and ability to read, write, spell, and sometimes speaksometimes speak

• Dyslexia is an impairment in the brain’s Dyslexia is an impairment in the brain’s ability to translate images received from the ability to translate images received from the eyes and ears into understandable languageeyes and ears into understandable language

Signs a Student May be DyslexicSigns a Student May be Dyslexic• StutteringStuttering• Has trouble tying shoesHas trouble tying shoes• Is late to establish a dominant Is late to establish a dominant

handhand• Cannot pinpoint words that Cannot pinpoint words that

rhymerhyme• Is easily confused by directionsIs easily confused by directions

– Cannot tell right from left, over from under, Cannot tell right from left, over from under, etc.etc.

• Mixes up wordsMixes up words– ““Aminal” instead of animalAminal” instead of animal

• Has trouble writing the alphabet Has trouble writing the alphabet in orderin order

TYPES OF DYSLEXIATYPES OF DYSLEXIA Visual Dyslexia Visual Dyslexia• Numbers and letters are reversedNumbers and letters are reversed

• Symbols are not written in the correct Symbols are not written in the correct sequencesequence

• Most common learning disability in childrenMost common learning disability in children

Auditory DyslexiaAuditory Dyslexia

• Student has difficulty processing soundsStudent has difficulty processing sounds

• Student has trouble sounding out letters or Student has trouble sounding out letters or groups of lettersgroups of letters

DysgraphiaDysgraphia

• Student has difficulty Student has difficulty

holding/controlling a holding/controlling a

pencil pencil

• Student struggles Student struggles

with fine motor skillswith fine motor skills

sourses of dyslexia sourses of dyslexia Trauma Dyslexia Trauma Dyslexia

• Occurs as a result of brain trauma or Occurs as a result of brain trauma or injury to the braininjury to the brain

• Permanent dyslexiaPermanent dyslexia

• Least common form of dyslexiaLeast common form of dyslexia

Primary DyslexiaPrimary Dyslexia• Malfunction in the cerebral cortex Malfunction in the cerebral cortex

– left side of the brainleft side of the brain

• Even as adults, these individuals cannot read above a 4Even as adults, these individuals cannot read above a 4thth grade levelgrade levelFOURTH GRADE | KIDS COMPUTER FOURTH GRADE | KIDS COMPUTER GAMESGAMES

• ABCya! Fourth Grade children's computer games ABCya! Fourth Grade children's computer games & activities feature large and easy-to-use & activities feature large and easy-to-use navigation buttons as well as voice instructions. navigation buttons as well as voice instructions. Games and activities include: alphabetical order, Games and activities include: alphabetical order, upper-case and lower-case letters, counting upper-case and lower-case letters, counting numbers, connect the dots, numerical order, numbers, connect the dots, numerical order, shapes, addition, e-storybooks and holiday games.shapes, addition, e-storybooks and holiday games.

• Genetic/hereditary form of dyslexiaGenetic/hereditary form of dyslexia• More commonly found in boys than girlMore commonly found in boys than girlss

Secondary/Developmental DyslexiaSecondary/Developmental Dyslexia

• Result of abnormal hormonal development Result of abnormal hormonal development during the early development of the fetusduring the early development of the fetus

• Diminishes as the child maturesDiminishes as the child matures– With practice, this form of dyslexia can be With practice, this form of dyslexia can be

mastered completelymastered completely

• More commonly found in boys than girlsMore commonly found in boys than girls

Why are the words Why are the words moving when I read?moving when I read?• The light-sensitive receptors in your The light-sensitive receptors in your

eyes interpret light and convert the eyes interpret light and convert the image projected onto the retina into a image projected onto the retina into a signal that is sent along the visual signal that is sent along the visual pathway (neurological pathway) to the pathway (neurological pathway) to the brain. The light traveling into your eyes brain. The light traveling into your eyes along the optic nerve to the brain is along the optic nerve to the brain is not balanced. This causes words to not balanced. This causes words to move.move.

• The left side of the brain processes light information from the The left side of the brain processes light information from the right eye and the right side of the brain processes light right eye and the right side of the brain processes light information from the left eye. As each eye processes light information from the left eye. As each eye processes light differently, the signals sent from each eye reach their differently, the signals sent from each eye reach their respective locations in your brain at a different time.respective locations in your brain at a different time.

• This causes the eyes and the brain to be out of sync with each This causes the eyes and the brain to be out of sync with each other. This is why words appear to be blurry, out of focus, or other. This is why words appear to be blurry, out of focus, or move in some way. People also describe the spaces in between move in some way. People also describe the spaces in between the lines appear to move or float.the lines appear to move or float.

SOME REMEDIAL MEASURESSOME REMEDIAL MEASURES• CHROMAGEN LENS:CHROMAGEN LENS:

• For moving words,blurry image,pull For moving words,blurry image,pull apart,floating words,scrunch together this lense is apart,floating words,scrunch together this lense is great solution for these problems.great solution for these problems. Users of Users of ChromaGen Lenses report that all of these word ChromaGen Lenses report that all of these word movement symptoms simply stop and they no movement symptoms simply stop and they no longer get headaches, nausea or fatigue.longer get headaches, nausea or fatigue.

MAPSMAPS

The Mental Attributes Profiling System The Mental Attributes Profiling System (MAPS) is a language independent (MAPS) is a language independent screening test, i.e., relies on cognitive screening test, i.e., relies on cognitive rather than language-based measures, rather than language-based measures, capable of predicting children at risk capable of predicting children at risk (possible dyslexics) and equipping (possible dyslexics) and equipping teachers with a profile of their mental teachers with a profile of their mental abilities so as to design personalized abilities so as to design personalized remediation programs. remediation programs.

•The Mental Attributes Profiling System (MAPS) is a language independent screening test, i.e., relies on cognitive rather than language-based measures, capable of predicting children at risk (possible dyslexics) and equipping teachers with a profile of their mental abilities so as to design personalized remediation programs. •The MAPS battery addresses eight major domains of language-independent and -dependent tests that have been frequently linked to reading development and/or disability:

• The MAPS battery addresses eight The MAPS battery addresses eight major domains of language-major domains of language-independent and -dependent tests independent and -dependent tests that have been frequently linked to that have been frequently linked to reading development and/or reading development and/or disability:disability:

Teaching Dyslexic StudentsTeaching Dyslexic Students

• Use a Use a multi-sensorymulti-sensory approach to teaching: have approach to teaching: have the student hear, see, say, and then do something the student hear, see, say, and then do something related to the lessonrelated to the lesson

• Use flash cardsUse flash cards

• Teach students to think about the way the Teach students to think about the way the mouth needs to move to make soundsmouth needs to move to make sounds

• Tape classroom lessons and homework Tape classroom lessons and homework assignments for the studentassignments for the student

• Give the student extra time on testsGive the student extra time on tests

Teaching – Specific Regulations Teaching – Specific Regulations Regarding ImplementationRegarding Implementation

Regulations• Parents/guardians of students eligible under the Parents/guardians of students eligible under the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, §504, must be informed Rehabilitation Act of 1973, §504, must be informed of all services and options available to the student of all services and options available to the student under that federal statuteunder that federal statute

• Once it has been determined that a student has Once it has been determined that a student has dyslexia, the school district or charter school shall dyslexia, the school district or charter school shall provide an appropriate instructional program for provide an appropriate instructional program for the student. As stated in TEC §38.003: the student. As stated in TEC §38.003:

Benefits of DyslexiaBenefits of Dyslexia(Because God is amazing and there is always reason to celebrate!)(Because God is amazing and there is always reason to celebrate!)

• Dyslexic individuals are more intuitive and Dyslexic individuals are more intuitive and creative than the average individualcreative than the average individual

• Dyslexic students excel at hands-on learningDyslexic students excel at hands-on learning• Dyslexic students think in picturesDyslexic students think in pictures• Dyslexic students are visual, multi-dimensional Dyslexic students are visual, multi-dimensional

thinkersthinkers

ALWAYS ENHANCED IN ALWAYS ENHANCED IN THEIR OWN WAY OF LIFETHEIR OWN WAY OF LIFE

THANK YOU