Morbid obesity

DONE BY :- HAMAD EMAD THUHAYR

SUPERVISOR BY :- DR. AHMED AND DR. OTHMAN

2ST BGM SOEPLE 3

Contents

Introduction

How to calculate BMI Risk factor

Sings and Symptome

Physical Effects of Obesity

Treatment

References

Introduction

morbid obesity 

the condition of weighing two or more

the ideal weight; so called because it is associated

with many serious and life-threatening disorders.

How to calculate BMI

Risk factor

When you eat more, the result of too much fat being stored in your body.

stress, anxiety, and lack of sleep, can lead to weight gain.

People who quit smoking often experience temporary weight gain.

Women may also have trouble losing the weight they gain during pregnancy or gain additional weight during menopause.

Certain medications, such as birth control pills and antidepressants, can cause weight gain.

Genetic factors can play a role in how your body stores energy, but this

relationship has not been fully researched. Current research

is investigating the relationship between genetics and body weight.

Signs and Symptomes

The symptoms of obesity are weight gain and a body mass index (BMI) above 40

Body fat distribution Apple shaped obesity .

Women

>88 cm (80cm) = Increased risk

Men

>102 cm (90cm) = Increased risk

Lean MEJ et al. Lancet; 1998; 351:853-6

Body fat distributionApple shaped obesity

cm

Physical Effects of Obesity

CardiovascularRespiratory disease

Gall bladder disease

Hormonal abnormalities

gout

Stroke

Diabetes

Osteoarthritis

Cancer

Treatment

1. Non-Surgical: Diet, Exercise, and Behavior Modification

Traditional weight loss programs rely on a combination of diet, exercise, and behavior modification.

Unfortunately, even the best programs only work for a small percentage of people—like less than 5% achieve long-term success. According to the National Institutes of Health NIH, more than 90% of all weight loss program participants regain their weight within one year. And it's even more difficult for morbidly obese patients.

We recommend considering surgical weight loss options for these patients.

In fact, the risk of death from not having surgery is greater than the risks of surgery.

Cont…..

2. Bariatric Surgery Purely Restrictive

Gastric Balloons

Sleeve Gastrectomy

Gastric adjustable banding

Restrictive > Malabsorptive Short-limb/Roux-en-Y gastric bypass

Malabsorptive > Restrictive Biliopancreatic diversion (BPD)

BPD with duodenal switch

Long limb Roux-en-Y gastric bypass

Refferences

Oxford Handbook of Clinical Medicine

www.wikipedia.org

www.emedicinehealth.com

CECIL , GOLDMAN 26 EDETION.