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Basic introduction to motivation theories and their relation to employee job satisfiers and job motivational factors.
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What is Motivation?Motivation is the internal drive to accomplish a particular goal. In a work setting, motivation is what makes people want to work.
Ten Morale-Building FactorsInteresting WorkFull appreciation of work doneInvolvementGood payJob securityPromotion and growthGood working conditionsLoyalty to employeesHelp with personal problemsTactful discipline
Other Morale-Building FactorsPERKSAutonomyStatusResponsibilityFlexible SchedulingBenefitsOthers?
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Physiological
Safety and Security
Social or Belongingness
Esteem / Ego
Self-Actualization
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Physiological
Factors in the Workplace Meeting Physiological NeedsPhysical ComfortTemperatureWorking ConditionsInside/OutsideLunch and Rest BreaksBathroom FacilitiesErgonomics
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Physiological
Safety and Security
Factors in the Workplace Meeting Safety and Security Needs
SafetyJob SecuritySeniorityBenefitsMONEYRetirement Plans
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Physiological
Safety and Security
Social or Belongingness
Factors in the Workplace Meeting Social or Belongingness NeedsRelationships with co-workersRelationships with SupervisorsTeamsFunSocial Events
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Physiological
Safety and Security
Social or Belongingness
Esteem / Ego
Factors in the Workplace Meeting Esteem/Ego NeedsOpportunities for Growth &
AdvancementPromotionsJob TitlesRecognitionPERKSTraining & DevelopmentPositive Feedback on Performance
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Physiological
Safety and Security
Social or Belongingness
Esteem / Ego
Self-Actualization
Factors in the Workplace Meeting Self-Actualization Needs
Meaningful WorkSense of SatisfactionAccomplishmentSelf-ImprovementImproving Others and/or Society
“Be all that you can be.”
Job SecurityCompany Policy
Hersberg’s Model of MotivationTwo-Factor Theory:Hygiene vs. Motivational Factors
Compare to Maslow
Working ConditionsSalary
Interpersonal Relations
RecognitionAdvancementResponsibility
AchievementGrowth PotentialThe Work Itself
Self-Actualizatio
n &Esteem Needs
Social NeedsSafety NeedsPhysiological
Motivational Factors
Hygiene or Maintenance Factors
Which factors outweigh others in maintaining productive attitudes on the Job?Quality of Work Life? Basics?Opportunities for
AdvancementAutonomy (self-
management)Company CultureSpouse’s Job
OpportunitiesSchoolsLocal Community
SalaryVacationBonusesRetirement PlansHealth InsuranceSick Leave
Other Motivational TheoristsMcClelland VroomMcClelland’s Acquired
Needs TheoryNeed for achievementNeed for affiliationNeed for power
Vroom’s Expectancy TheoryViews motivation as a
process of choicesBehaviors stem from
expecting certain results
Contemporary Motivational StrategiesMotivation through job design
Job rotationJob enlargementJob enrichment
Motivation through incentivesTraining and educationMotivation through empowermentTeambuilding
Positive Reinforcement & Recognition:Job-Related Confirming BehaviorsPraisePositive Written CommunicationOrientation and TrainingActive Listening Courtesy
Barriers to Positive ReinforcementPreoccupation with self
NarcissismMisconceptions about positive
reinforcementThe “too busy” syndromeNot identifying commendable actionsNot knowing what to say or doLack of appropriate role models
Self-Motivation StrategiesTake control of your expectationsFight the urge to underachieveLearn to love the job you hateBuild immunity to cynicismStrive for balance
