Therapeutic diets

April 14, 2023therapeutic diet 1

14/04/23tropical diseases 2

MAJOR NASREEN GUL

MEMON



Therapeutic Diets

April 14, 2023

therapeutic diet

5

Objectives

Describe Introduction of therapeutic diet

Identify purpose of therapeutic diet.

Define Indication of therapeutic diet.

Discus significance of therapeutic diet


Classify types of therapeutic diet.

Explain Dietary guidelines of therapeutic diet

Focus Role of nurse in therapeutic diet.Provide Conclusion for therapeutic diet.

Recognise the therapeutic diet for malnutrition.


INTRODUCTION


What is diet

Diet is the sum of food consumed by a person or other

organism

Diet therapy is concerned with

recovery from illness and prevention of

disease

Diet therapy



WHAT IS THERAPEUTIC DIET


planned diet

modification of normal diet

used to supplement the medical or surgical

treatment

prescribed by doctor and planned by dietician


Removing or adding foods

change nutrients, caloric content and/or texture

Increase or decrease bulk in the diet e.g. high or low fiber

diets

Increase or decrease the energy values

.

Purposes of therapeutic diets

Regulate amount of food

Assist body organs to

maintain normal function

Aid in digestion


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To improve specific health

conditions

Increase or decrease body

weight

Modify the intervals of feedings.


Useful in managing disease

SIGNIFICANCE

promote greater resistance to specific conditions.

prevention or supplemental treatment


kidney failure lower serum cholesterol, control elevated blood sugar levelstreat celiac disease a disease where the small intestine can't absorb nutrientsFor example, gluten-free diets,

Indication

http://www.engagedfitness.com/nutrition/uploaded_images/img005-779775.jpg


Types of Therapeutic Diets

Regular diet

Low cholesterol

dietSoft diet

Diabetic diet

Calorie controlled

dietLiquid diet


High Protein

diet

Bland diet

Low residue

diet

Low Protein

diet

Sodium restricted diet

low-fat diet

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Balanced diet usually used for ambulatory patientsAt times is has a slightly reduced caloric contentFoods such as rich desserts, cream sauces, salad dressings and fried foods may be decreased or omitted

Regular Diet


Nutritionally inadequate and should only be used for short periods of timeUses:

After surgery or a heart attackPts with acute infections or digestive problemsTo replace fluids lost by vomiting or diarrheaBefore some Xrays of digestive tract

liquid diet


Clear liquid diet Water, apple or grape juice, fat-free broths, plain gelatin, popsicles, ginger ale, tea, coffee


clear liquid diet plus strained soups and cereals, fruit and vegetable juices, yogurt, hot cocoa, custard, ice cream, pudding, sherbet, and eggnog

Full liquid diet


Similar to regular diet but foods must require little chewing and be easy to digestAvoid meat and shellfish with tough connective tissue, coarse cereals, spicy foods, rich desserts, fried foods, raw fruits and veggies, nuts, and coconuts

Soft Diet



Used for pts with digestive and rectal diseases such as colitis or diarrheaEliminates or limits foods high in bulk or fiber such as raw fruits and veggies, whole grains and cereals, nuts, seeds, beans and peas, coconut, and fried foods

Low residue diet


Diet contains exchange listsGoods are grouped according to type, nutrients, and caloriesPts are allowed a certain number of items from each exchange list according to individual needs

Diabetic Diet


Calorie controlled diet


Used for pts who are overweightAvoid or limit high calories foods such as:

Butter, cream, whole milk, cream soups or gravies, sweet soft drinks, alcoholic beverages, salad dressings, fatty meats, candy and rich desserts

Low-Calorie Diet


Used for pts who are underweight, or who have anorexia nervosa, hyperthyroidism, or cancerExtra proteins and carbs are includedAvoid high-bulk foods such as green salads, watermelon and fibrous fruitsAvoid high-fat foods such as fried foods, rich pastries, and cheese cake because they digest slowly and spoil appetite

High-Calorie Diet


Restricts foods containing cholesterolUsed for pts with atherosclerosis and heart diseaseLimit foods high in saturated fats such as beef, liver, pork, lamb, egg yolk, cream, cheese, natural cheeses, shellfish, whole milk, and coconut and palm oil products

Low cholesterol diet



Fat Restricted or Low-Fat Diet

Used for pts with gallbladder and liver disease, obesity, and certain heart diseasesAvoid cream, whole milk, cheese, fats, fatty meats, rich desserts, chocolate, fried foods, salad dressings, nuts, and coconut


Used for pts with cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension or congestive heart disease, kidney disease, and edemaAvoid or limit addition of salt to any food, smoked meats or fish, processed foods, pickles, sauerkraut, olives, and processed cheeses

Sodium Restricted Diet(Low Sodium or Low

Salt Diet)


High Protein DietUsed for children and adolescents who need additional growth, pregnant or lactating women, before and/or after surgery, pts suffering from burns, fevers, or infectionsRegular diet with added protein rich foods such as meats, fish, milk, cheese, and eggs


Low Protein Diet

Used for pts with certain kidney diseases and for certain allergic conditionsRegular diet with limited or decreased protein rich foods

Low Protein Diet


Bland Diet

Consists of easily digested foods that do not irritate the digestive tractUsed for pts with ulcers and other digestive diseasesAvoid coarse foods, fried foods, highly seasoned foods, pastries, raw fruits and veggies, alcohol, carbonated beverages, nuts, coffee, tea, smoked and salted meats and fish.


High energy and high proteinEnergy and nutrient dense foodsPick foods from the menu which can be fortifiedUse of supplementsRecipe fortificationExamine what a resident like to eat and encourage those types of foods

Therapeutic diet for malnutrition


Dietary guidelines

Also eat a variety of food.Maintain ideal weight.Avoid excess fat (total and Unsaturated) and cholesterol. Eat foods with adequate dietary fiber.Avoid excess sugar.Avoid excess salt.


Role of nurse

Coordinator

Communicator

Counselor

Teacher

ManagerLeader


Leader

Motivator

Delegator

Critical thinker

Researcher

Advocate


Therapeutic diets to be used when necessaryEnsure that residents with malnutrition are eating foods which taste good and full of flavourMenu design should aim for diet integration so that everyone eats the same types of foodsPortion control is an essential tool in menu planningStandard recipes help with the delivery of nutritional care

Conclusion


References

[email protected]

www2.sunysuffolk.edu/.../nursing


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Therapeutic diets