PREPARED BY HELEN LARINPUII ZOTE

“ Waiting hurts. Forgetting hurts. But, not knowing which decision to take can sometimes

be the most painful……………”

“Whenever you see a successful business, someone once made a

courage decision.”

“ Waiting hurts. Forgetting hurts. But, not knowing which decision to take can sometimes

be the most painful……………”

“Whenever you see a successful business, someone once made a

courage decision.”

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

The word decision is derived from the Latin word

‘deciso’ means cutting away or cutting off or to come to

a conclusion.

A certain point of life, decision making is needed and

done by all individual.

Decision making is not synonymous to choice making

and problem.

DEFINITIONDEFINITION

Decision represent a judgement a final resolution of conflict of needs, means or goal.

Felix. M.Loper Decision making can be defined as the

selection based on some criteria of one behavior alternative from two or more alternatives.

R.S.Davar

NATURE OF DECISION NATURE OF DECISION MAKINGMAKING

Decision making is a goal oriented process. Decision making is characterized by two

activities- search and choice. Decision making is both intuitive and deductive

logic. Decision making is characterized as a process

rather than as one static logic. Decision making is not entirely of management

and are not synonymous.

TYPES OF DECISIONSTYPES OF DECISIONS

1. Routine and strategic decision:

Routine decisions are those which require little

deliberation or those which are made repetitively.

Strategic decision are policy matters and usually

involves investments or expenditure of funds.

2. PROGRAMMED AND NON

PROGRAMMED DECISION:

Programmed Decision deals with routine and or

repetitive types of problems and are caused by

unstructured problems, which has n easy solution.

Non- Programmed Decision deal with sudden

problems with no programmed decision and not

repetitive.

3.POLICY AND OPERATING DECISIONS:

Policy decision deals with decision which related to

various policy of the organization.

Operating decision deals with day to day operation or

functioning of the enterprise.

4. MAJOR AND MINOR DECISIONS:

Major decision implies on making decision for

big/major things.

Minor decision implies on making decision for

small or minor things.

5. ORGANISED AND PERSONAL

DECISIONS:

Organised decision is decision taken by executive in

the official capacity.

Personal decision are related to the executive as an

individual and not as a member of organization.

6.INDIVIDUAL AND GROUP DECISION:

The decision taken by single person are known as

individual decisions.

The decision taken by the committee are called

group decision.

STEPS IN DECISION STEPS IN DECISION MAKINGMAKING

PROBLEMS IDENTIFICATIO

N

PROBLEMS IDENTIFICATIO

N

ANALYSIS OF

PROBLEMS

DEVELOPING THE

ALTERNATIVE

EVALUATION OF

ALTERNATIVE

SELECTION OF BEST

ALTERNATIVE

IMPLEMENTATION OF BEST

ALTERNATIVE

IMPLEMENTATION OF BEST

ALTERNATIVE

FEED BACK AND FOLLOW UP

1. PROBLEMS IDENTIFICATION To become aware of a problems exists . Defining the problems in the right way.

2. ANALYSIS OF PROBLEMS:

Assemble facts, data and information.

Principles are:

Futurity of the decision.

Impact of the decision on the areas an function,

Qualitative consideration.

3. DEVELOPING THE ALTERNATIVE

Developing alternative solution available to

solve the problems.

The alternative can be gathered from various

sources- internet, research finding ,etc.

4. EVALUATION OF ALTERNATIVE Outline the advantages and disadvantage of each

alternative.

5. SELECTION OF BEST ALTERNATIVE After the evaluation of various alternative, the best

alternative out of all the alternatives

6. IMPLEMENTATION OF BEST

ALTERNATIVE

Convert the decision into effective action.

The decision should be acceptable to the

subordinates so as to encourage their involvement.

7. FEED BACK AND FOLLOW UP:

Seek feedback regarding the effectiveness of the

implemented solution.

Monitor the effects of acts to gauge the success.

Follow up is indispensible to modify and improve

decision at earliest opportunity.

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION Humans beings take innumerable decision in

their day to day life. Decision making is a process by which the

decision maker tries to jump over the obstacles placed between his current and desired future position.

Decision making involves two or more alternatives because if there is only one alternative, there is no scope for any decision to be made.