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Case StudiesCase Studies
Unwritten ConstitutionUnwritten Constitution Political Parties and Political Parties and
Hamilton’s Financial PlanHamilton’s Financial PlanThird PartiesThird PartiesLobby GroupsLobby Groups
Unwritten ConstitutionUnwritten Constitution
DefinitionDefinition Examples:Examples:
– The CabinetThe Cabinet: President’s Advisors: President’s Advisors
– Political PartiesPolitical Parties: (Definition); Democrats : (Definition); Democrats and Republicansand Republicans
– Lobby GroupsLobby Groups: Influence Lawmaking: Influence Lawmaking
– Judicial ReviewJudicial Review: Constitutionality of Laws: Constitutionality of Laws
The CabinetThe Cabinet
Close group of advisors to the Close group of advisors to the President in various areasPresident in various areas
Qualities: Strong, trustworthy, Qualities: Strong, trustworthy, supportive decision makerssupportive decision makers
Duties: research, create policies, Duties: research, create policies, patronage for supporters, inform the patronage for supporters, inform the PresidentPresident
Loose vs. Strict Loose vs. Strict Construction: Hamilton’s Construction: Hamilton’s
Financial PlanFinancial Plan
Federal Assumption of State Debt
Creation of a National Bank
Protective Tariff-
Goals: Establish Stability and Respect from Europe
Political Parties
Significance?
Divides the Nation-why?
Whiskey Rebellion
Special Interest and Special Interest and Lobby GroupsLobby Groups
Attempt to persuade legislators how to voteAttempt to persuade legislators how to vote Use campaign contributions or free “perks”Use campaign contributions or free “perks” Methods questionableMethods questionable Heavily RegulatedHeavily Regulated Solutions???Solutions???
Federal Funding of Elections
Judicial ReviewJudicial Review
Constitution is Supreme Law of the LandConstitution is Supreme Law of the Land
Is Law Constitutional or Unconstitutional?Is Law Constitutional or Unconstitutional?
Development of Development of Political PartiesPolitical Parties
•Federalists
•Democrat-Republicans
•Whigs
•Know-Nothings
•Democrats
•Republicans
•Reform Party
•Independence Party
•Green Party
Then
NowNow
Contemporary Political Contemporary Political PartiesParties
DemocratsDemocrats– Middle ClassMiddle Class– Favor Federal Favor Federal
Intervention to solve Intervention to solve problemsproblems
– Support social programsSupport social programs– Higher Taxes to Support Higher Taxes to Support
ProgramsPrograms– Pro-Common PeoplePro-Common People– Pro-Choice (Abortion)Pro-Choice (Abortion)
RepublicansRepublicans– Upper ClassUpper Class– States should do more States should do more
to solve problemsto solve problems– Decrease spending on Decrease spending on
social programssocial programs– Lower TaxesLower Taxes– Pro-BusinessPro-Business– Pro-Life (Anti-Pro-Life (Anti-
Abortion)Abortion)
Effect of Third Parties on Effect of Third Parties on ElectionsElections
What is a Third Party?What is a Third Party? Examples of Third partiesExamples of Third parties How do they effect elections?How do they effect elections? Elections Where Third parties had a Elections Where Third parties had a
Major Impact:Major Impact:– 1912: Bull Moose Party1912: Bull Moose Party– 1992: Reform Party1992: Reform Party– 2000: Green Party2000: Green Party
Comparison of Comparison of the Federalists and Anti-Federaliststhe Federalists and Anti-Federalists
AdvocatedAdvocated– loose constructionloose construction– stronger central stronger central
GovernmentGovernment– Pro-National Bank Pro-National Bank
and Protective and Protective TariffsTariffs
SupportersSupporters– Wealthy Wealthy
Merchants and Merchants and ManufacturersManufacturers
Federalists
Hamilton and Adams
Federalists
Anti-FederalistsAnti-Federalists
AdvocatedAdvocated– strict strict
constructionconstruction– stronger state stronger state
governmentsgovernments– against national against national
bank and high bank and high tariffstariffs
SupportersSupporters– Common Common
PeoplePeople– small farmerssmall farmers– city laborcity labor
Jefferson and Madison
“Can it be thought that the Constitution intended that for a shade or two of convenience, more or less,
Congress should be authorized to break down the most ancient and fundamental laws of the several states, such
as those against Mortmain, the laws of alienage, the rules of descent, the acts of distribution, the laws of
escheat and forfeiture, the laws of monopoly? Nothing but a necessity invincible by any other means, can
justify such a prostration of laws which constitute the pillars of our whole system of jurisprudence. Will
Congress be too strait-laced to carry the constitution into honest effect, unless they may pass over the foundation-laws of the state-governments for the
slightest convenience to theirs?”