Use of production and transformation waste of Use of production and transformation waste of mangos for food of poultry in Burkina Faso mangos for food of poultry in Burkina Faso

(West Africa)(West Africa)

Dr Timbilfou KIENDREBEOGODr Timbilfou KIENDREBEOGOInstitute of Environmental and Agricultural Researches (INEAR)Institute of Environmental and Agricultural Researches (INEAR)

Department of Livestock Productions (DLP)Department of Livestock Productions (DLP)Non Ruminants Program (NRP) Non Ruminants Program (NRP)

Burkina Faso Burkina Faso

Plan Plan I.I. IntroductionIntroduction

II.II. Material and MethodsMaterial and Methods

III.III. Results and DuscussionsResults and Duscussions

IV.IV. Conclusion and perspectivesConclusion and perspectives

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION (1/8)INTRODUCTION (1/8)In Burkina Faso, the pig breeding is in significant numeric In Burkina Faso, the pig breeding is in significant numeric

growth,growth,

PPoultry farming is in full rise in Burkina Faso. With a oultry farming is in full rise in Burkina Faso. With a manpower estimated in 2013 at more than 39 million manpower estimated in 2013 at more than 39 million heads, the die gets annually more than 10 billion FCFA to heads, the die gets annually more than 10 billion FCFA to the rural households (MRAH, 2013)the rural households (MRAH, 2013)

The contribution of local poultry farming in consumption is The contribution of local poultry farming in consumption is of 13 chickens by household whose average size is of 6,3 of 13 chickens by household whose average size is of 6,3 people (KONDOMBO, 2007).people (KONDOMBO, 2007).

However, the productivity of local hen remains low However, the productivity of local hen remains low (Ouattara, 2008).One records a rate of grows annual (Ouattara, 2008).One records a rate of grows annual of 3%, a weight carcass from 0,8 to 1 kg (MRA, 2007) of 3%, a weight carcass from 0,8 to 1 kg (MRA, 2007) and an annual laying of 27 eggs per hen (MRA, 2004);and an annual laying of 27 eggs per hen (MRA, 2004);

Various accused constraints explain this weakness Various accused constraints explain this weakness and prevent a good development of the breeding of and prevent a good development of the breeding of the poultry:the poultry:

INTRODUCTION (2/8)INTRODUCTION (2/8)

Bad conditions of breeding,Bad conditions of breeding, Low technicality of the Low technicality of the producers and the insufficiency of care.producers and the insufficiency of care.

Low availability and the expensive cost of food;Low availability and the expensive cost of food; Indeed, the insufficiency and the dearness of the Indeed, the insufficiency and the dearness of the ingredients entering the composition of the diets ingredients entering the composition of the diets intended for the poultry) slow down considerably the intended for the poultry) slow down considerably the development of poultry farming (Sanon, 2009; development of poultry farming (Sanon, 2009; Coulibaly, 2013)Coulibaly, 2013)

INTRODUCTION (3/8)INTRODUCTION (3/8)

INTRODUCTION (4/8)INTRODUCTION (4/8)

Nutritional contraints of local poultry in Nutritional contraints of local poultry in Burkina FasoBurkina Faso

Classe of <30 chickens ≥ 30≤50 chickens ≥ 50 chickens

Researching solutions, we thought that use of Mangos Researching solutions, we thought that use of Mangos waste can contibute to solve this containtwaste can contibute to solve this containt

According to FAO, the potential production of fresh mangos of According to FAO, the potential production of fresh mangos of Africa was 810 000 tons in 2010, Africa was 810 000 tons in 2010,

Only since 2004, the various actors of mangos die of West Only since 2004, the various actors of mangos die of West Africa must face the appearance and with the fast propagation Africa must face the appearance and with the fast propagation of the fruit flies whose of the fruit flies whose Bactrocera invadens Bactrocera invadens is most is most devastating;devastating;

It infests the orchards and causes losses of production going of It infests the orchards and causes losses of production going of 10% at the beginning of country side, to 40%, in medium of 10% at the beginning of country side, to 40%, in medium of countryside, and reached even 80%, at the end of the countryside, and reached even 80%, at the end of the campaign for the late varieties such has Brookscampaign for the late varieties such has Brooks..

INTRODUCTION (5/8)INTRODUCTION (5/8)

Moreover, great quantities (20-40% of volumes Moreover, great quantities (20-40% of volumes transformed) of waste of transformation (skin, core transformed) of waste of transformation (skin, core and pulp) rejected into nature are developed little, and pulp) rejected into nature are developed little, apart from the weak taking away by the animals and apart from the weak taking away by the animals and the stockbreeders. the stockbreeders. This waste given up in nature is This waste given up in nature is on the other hand potential sources of pollution of on the other hand potential sources of pollution of the environment and framework of life of the the environment and framework of life of the bordering populations bordering populations

INTRODUCTION (6/8)INTRODUCTION (6/8)

INTRODUCTION (6/8)INTRODUCTION (6/8)

Paradoxically, the livestock productions in West Africa Paradoxically, the livestock productions in West Africa encounter constraints of which most crucial is the food. encounter constraints of which most crucial is the food. This constraint is explained amongst other things by This constraint is explained amongst other things by the low availability and the dearness of conventional the low availability and the dearness of conventional food intended for the animals. food intended for the animals.

This situation poses the need for seeking solutions of This situation poses the need for seeking solutions of transformation/conservation of the mango scrap for transformation/conservation of the mango scrap for their valorization in the food of the livestock their valorization in the food of the livestock

INTRODUCTION (7/8)INTRODUCTION (7/8)

MATERIAL AND MATERIAL AND METHODSMETHODS

MATERIAL AND METHODS (1/5 )MATERIAL AND METHODS (1/5 )

Locality Locality : Bobo-Dioulasso and : Bobo-Dioulasso and ToussianaToussiana-ClimateClimate: Soudano-guinean : Soudano-guinean -PluviometryPluviometry : 900-1200 mm/an : 900-1200 mm/an-TemperatureTemperature : 25-32 °C : 25-32 °C

Locality of the studyLocality of the study

Farako-bâ

N

Légende : : Limite département

: Satation de Farako-bâ

We developed two things based on drying and the We developed two things based on drying and the mechanics: (i) A process of production of food mechanics: (i) A process of production of food containing mango’s scrap and (ii) Manufacture of a containing mango’s scrap and (ii) Manufacture of a mango Crusher-Screening machine mango Crusher-Screening machine

My institute undertook to protect these two My institute undertook to protect these two technologies. The contract has been just awarded to an technologies. The contract has been just awarded to an office council and from now to the end September we office council and from now to the end September we will be located. This is why I cannot say some to you will be located. This is why I cannot say some to you more.more.

On the other hand I can speak to you about the use of On the other hand I can speak to you about the use of food produced containing mango scrap in hen rationing food produced containing mango scrap in hen rationing of local race.of local race.

MATERIAL AND METHODS (2/6 )MATERIAL AND METHODS (2/6 )

Compoments Mango food with miwe bran

Mango food with rice bran

DM (%) 92,42 92,79CP (%) 9,08 6,95BC (%) 14,44 13,86Calcium (%) 1,93 1,6Phosphore (%) 0,42 0,38Sodium (%) 0,41 0,3DE (Kcal/Kg MS) 1880,64 1650,9

MATERIAL AND METHODS (3/5 )MATERIAL AND METHODS (3/5 )

MATERIAL AND METHODS (4/5 )MATERIAL AND METHODS (4/5 )Diets composition Diets composition

Ingrédients CT (%) T1 (%) T2 (%)Mangos food with rice bran 46,246,2 00 00Mangos food with maize bran -- 51,251,2Maize 2424 23,523,5 4848Ban -- 34,734,7Cake of soya bean 11,211,2 7,27,2 77Poudre coquilles d'huîtres 22 22 22Fish pouder 55 55 55Vegetable oil 8,258,25 7,87,8 --NaCl 0,30,3 0,30,3 0,30,3Methionine 0,50,5 0,50,5 0,50,5Lysine 0,50,5 0,50,5 0,50,5CMV 2,02,0 22 22

MATERIAL AND METHODS (5/5 )MATERIAL AND METHODS (5/5 )

RESULTSRESULTS

RESULTS (1/4)RESULTS (1/4)Nutritionnal composition and cost of the Nutritionnal composition and cost of the dietsdiets

IngrédientsIngrédients T1T1 T2T2 CTCTDE (Kcal/kg)DE (Kcal/kg) 2 9032 903 2 9012 901 2 9982 998ME (Kcal)ME (Kcal) 2 7572 757 2 7562 756 2 8482 848Crude protein (%)Crude protein (%) 14,0214,02 14,5914,59 14,3814,38Lysine (%)Lysine (%) 0,830,83 0,960,96 0,890,89Methionine (%)Methionine (%) 0,650,65 0,680,68 0,690,69Calcium (%)Calcium (%) 1,161,16 1,151,15 1,091,09Phosphore. (%)Phosphore. (%) 0,310,31 0,310,31 0,290,29CB (%)CB (%) 5,555,55 4,884,88 4,544,54Cost (FCFA/kgMS)Cost (FCFA/kgMS) 244,5244,5 214,9214,9 221,0221,0

RESULTS (2/4)RESULTS (2/4)

Traitments

N initial Weight (g)

final weight(g)

T1 2222 773±141773±141aa 1061±101061±10aa

T2 2727 840±137840±137aa 1188±1551188±155bb

CT 2121 820±136820±136aa 1208±2061208±206bb

Rations N DWG (g) VC (g) IC FCkgV(FCFA)

T1 22 6,86±2,326,86±2,32aa 61,56±3,661,56±3,600aa

9,96±3,9,96±3,2020bb 2409±7802409±780bb

T2 27 8,29±2,668,29±2,66aa

bb71,96±2,771,96±2,7

66bb9,56±2,9,56±2,

9898bb 2058±6412058±641abab

CT 21 9,24±3,269,24±3,26bb 62,3962,39aa 7,67±2,7,67±2,8585aa 1696±6301696±630aa

The results make it possible to conclude that T2 shows The results make it possible to conclude that T2 shows performances of growth almost equal to those of ration performances of growth almost equal to those of ration CT. Although the performances of the T1are lower than CT. Although the performances of the T1are lower than those of rations T2 and CT, the equality of the IC of the those of rations T2 and CT, the equality of the IC of the two experimental T1 and T2 means that they are two experimental T1 and T2 means that they are developed on the same level by chickens, and in developed on the same level by chickens, and in comparison with possible substitution partial of corn comparison with possible substitution partial of corn (around 25%) by the mangos food and(around 25%) by the mangos food and

RESULTSRESULTS (3/4)(3/4)

of possible recovery of great quantities of mango of possible recovery of great quantities of mango waste, we can show the checking from the assumption waste, we can show the checking from the assumption according to which the recourse to nonconventional according to which the recourse to nonconventional food containing mango scrap makes it possible to food containing mango scrap makes it possible to make more available of food for chickensmake more available of food for chickens

RESULTS (4/4 RESULTS (4/4

CONCLUSION AND CONCLUSION AND PERSPECTIVESPERSPECTIVES

CONCLUSION AND PERSPECTIVES (2/3)CONCLUSION AND PERSPECTIVES (2/3)

CONCLUSION AND PERSPECTIVES CONCLUSION AND PERSPECTIVES (2/3)(2/3)

This Work made it possible to show with the farmers the This Work made it possible to show with the farmers the possibility of resorting to nonconventional food such as possibility of resorting to nonconventional food such as mangos for better producing, mangos for better producing,

Use of byproducts of mangos is a way to solve food Use of byproducts of mangos is a way to solve food constraint and add value to mangos and breedings chainsconstraint and add value to mangos and breedings chains

The use of produced food at base mangos waste The use of produced food at base mangos waste contributed to lower the costs contributed to lower the costs

CONCLUSION AND PERSPECTIVES (3/3)CONCLUSION AND PERSPECTIVES (3/3)

Thank You for your

Thank You for your

AttentionAttention