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Click to add text January 2014 Dr. Sanjiv Kamat 1 Advances in Pigment Printing of Textiles

Advances in pigment printing

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Recent developements in piment printing of textiles

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Page 1: Advances in pigment printing

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January 2014 Dr. Sanjiv Kamat 1

Advances in Pigment Printing of Textiles

Page 2: Advances in pigment printing

January 2014 Dr. Sanjiv Kamat 2

Cave Paintings in Europe

Page 3: Advances in pigment printing

January 2014 Dr. Sanjiv Kamat 3

Pigment Dispersions – Historical developments

• Over 3000 years old with mineral pigments and natural polymers as binders and thickeners(starch glue)

• 1920's- Organic Pigment dispersions

• 1930's – Emulsion co-polymerisation

• 1937 – Pigment paste based on water in oil emulsion

• 1950 – Oil in water systems

• 1960 – Aqueous self cross-linking dispersions as binders

• 1990's – Ecological improvements(emissions)

• 2000's – Digital Printing

Page 4: Advances in pigment printing

January 2014 Dr. Sanjiv Kamat 4

The German Ban

• Mid 1980s

• Banned Amines

• DiChloroBenzidenes

Page 5: Advances in pigment printing

January 2014 Dr. Sanjiv Kamat 5

Components of a Pigment Printing System

• Colour Pigment

• Binder

• Fixer

• Thickener

• Emulsifiers

• Softeners

Page 6: Advances in pigment printing

January 2014 Dr. Sanjiv Kamat 6

Components of Pigment dispersion

• Pigment Powder (25-45%)

•Water

• Auxiliaries – Emulsifiers,Dispersing agents (5-15%)

– Co-solvents(5-10%)

– Preservatives (<1%)

– Antifoam (<0.1%)

Page 7: Advances in pigment printing

January 2014 Dr. Sanjiv Kamat 7

Pigment Dispersions

Pigments need to be ground to a particle size below

3µ to achieve high brilliancy and good color yield.

The right dispersing system is necessary to keep the

pigments dispersed in water without sedimentation

and without agglomeration of the particles (forming of

bigger crystals).

Chemistry C.I. availability as pigments

(year of invention)

disazo diarylic pigments PY12, PY14, PY17, PY83 (1911) 1936 and 1958

disazo pyrazolone PO13, PO34 (1930) 1950s

naphtol AS grp. I PR2, PR8, PR12, PR112, (1920s) 1930s

naphtol AS grp. II PR146, PR170, PR210 1960s

phthalocyanine PG7, PBl15 1940s

dioxazine PV23 1952

quinacridone PR122, PV19 1960s

Page 8: Advances in pigment printing

January 2014 Dr. Sanjiv Kamat 8

For Pigment dispersions, following need to be within Limits

• Banned Amines

• PAH

• PCB

• COC

• Dioxines

• Heavy Metals

• Formaldehyde/ Preservatives

• APEO

Page 9: Advances in pigment printing

January 2014 Dr. Sanjiv Kamat 9

Dyestone Colorants

"Dyestone® X Color" is neither pigment nor dyestuff, but a patented new generation of textile colorants that fully utilize micro-encapsulating technology.

Matsui International's insoluble colors are finely ground at the Nano-level and coated with a water-soluble polymer on the surface level and can be applied onto almost any kind of textile substrate (cotton, polyester, nylon, rayon, etc.) by both printing & pad-dyeing process.

Page 10: Advances in pigment printing

January 2014 Dr. Sanjiv Kamat 10

Conventional Vs Dyestone

Pigment Pigment Pigment

Binder

FABRIC

Cross-Linking Agent

Water-soluble Polymer

Insoluble Colorant

FABRIC

Page 11: Advances in pigment printing

January 2014 Dr. Sanjiv Kamat 11

Binders

• APEO

• Formaldehyde

• Biodegradability

• Reduction in Free monomer content

• Properties like more soft and hydrophilic

• Combining binders and thickeners

• External crosslinkers

Page 12: Advances in pigment printing

January 2014 Dr. Sanjiv Kamat 12

Thickeners

• Hydrophobicaly modified ASE

• No Mineral Oil, no fuming

• VOC free(High boiling oils)

• Rheology Modifier incorporated to improve electrolyte stability

• Good storage stability, to settling

• High purity ,quick swelling

Page 13: Advances in pigment printing

January 2014 Dr. Sanjiv Kamat 13

Developments in Fixing Agents

Melamine resin fixing agent / contains HCHO, higher etherification, thus:

- reduced HCHO content - less HCHO emission during drying and

fixation - reduced HCHO content on the fabric - less reactivity Isocyanate fixing agent / HCHO-free

-cold fixing / not blocked / shelf life / high reactivity

- hot fixing / blocked

Page 14: Advances in pigment printing

January 2014 Dr. Sanjiv Kamat 14

Summary

Besides the ever present demands for more economical products

and processes and the demand from retailers to close the gap

between pigment and dyestuff printing regarding end-user

properties the main challenges for pigment printing will be

the dramatically increase of ecological demands.

Binders: Apeo,formaldehyde free

reduction of rest-monomer content

biodegradability

Pigments: amine, RSL free

AOX free

restrictive use of presrvatives

Thickeners: oil free, VOC free

biodegradability

Auxiliaries: formaldehyde free

restrictive use of preservatives

Page 15: Advances in pigment printing

January 2014 Dr. Sanjiv Kamat 15

Importance of Pigment

Versatile- suitable for all substrates and machines

Low impact on water footprint

Page 16: Advances in pigment printing

January 2014 Dr. Sanjiv Kamat 16