avalanche

Forest fire

Tidal wave

Volcanic eruption

earthquake

landslide

stormdrought

flood

storm

a disturbance of the atmosphere

that occurs bad weather in which

there is a lot of rain, snow , hail ,

sleet, or thunder and lightning and

often strong winds .

Storm is a general word for bad

weather.

Different types of storm

STORM

gale

whirlpool

Thunder storm

blizzard

cyclone

Tornado OR

whirlwind

A windstorm or gale is just a storm with high winds or violent gusts but little or no rain.

GALE

or whirlwind is a violent storm with very strong winds that moves in circle

TORNADO

A place in the river or the ocean where currents of water spin around very fast.

whirlpool

A blizzard is a severe snowstorm by strong windsblizzard

A cyclone is an area of closed, circular fluid motion a large scale air mass that rotates around a strong center of low pressure. Which makes strong winds

cyclone

Thunderstorm or electrical storm is a storm with thunder & lightning and usually heavy rain

Thunder storm

DROUGHT

The long period of time when there is a little or no rain.

four definition for drought• meteorological : lack of precipitation

• agricultural : lack of moisture in the soil where crops grow

• hydrological : low levels of water in lakes and reservoirs

• socioeconomic : water shortages in drinking and running water

A prolonged drought could lead to famine.

In the Horn of Africa, the 1984-1985 drought led to a famine, which killed 750,000 people

droughts can have major impact on agriculture, recreation and tourism, water supply, energy production, and transportation.As the climate heats up, droughts are expected to become more frequent and severe in some locations.

Earthquake

A sudden violent shaking of the earth surface .It is the result of a sudden release of energy from the earth’s crust that creates seismic waves.

Movements of the lithosphere

1. divergent

2. continental collision

3. convergent

divergent

Oceanic crustOceanic crust

convergent

Continental crust Continental crustContinental crust

Oceanic crust

Continental - Continental Continental _ Oceanic

continental collision

Continental crustContinental crust

Tsunami

series of waves in a water body

caused by the displacement of a

large volume of water.

Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and

other underwater explosions have the

potential to generate a tsunami.

2

3

1

4

avalanche

An avalanche is a rapid flow of snow down a hill or mountainside.

Wintertime, particularly from December to April, is when most avalanches tend to happen

An avalanche has three main parts

 starting zonewhere unstable snow can fracture from the surrounding snow cover and begin to slide

 avalanche track is the path or channel that an avalanche follows as it goes downhill

Run out zone is where the snow and debris finally come to a stop

A large avalanche in North America might release 230,000 cubic meters (300,000 cubic yards) of snow. That is the equivalent of 20 football fields filled 3 meters (10 feet) deep with snow.

landslide

The earth’s land moves at least a few centimeters year. But there are times when it can move meters , even kilometers at a time. This is when there is a landslide or mudslideLandslides are the movement of large amounts of earth such as rock, soil, sand, mud or the combination of any of these.

As the land slowly moves, by a

few millimeters a day, it causes

tension cracks in the earth and in

the bedrock. As this tension

increases and significant

changes in moisture occur, from

things like heavy rainfall or the

fast melting of snow, the land

begins to move more and more

this movement in the land can

cause a landslide.

wildfireA wildfire or wild land fire is an uncontrolled fire in an area of combustible vegetation that occurs in the countryside. Depending on the type of vegetation that is burnt, a wildfire can also be classified as a

• bush fire• forest fire,• desert fire,• grass fire,• hill fire• peat fire• vegetation fire• or veld fire

The four major natural causes of wildfire ignitions

• lightning

• spontaneous combustion

• volcanic eruption

• sparks from rock falls

Wildfires are not entirely natural features (like volcanoes, earthquakes

and tropical storms). This is because they are caused humans as well

flood

A flood is an overflow of

water that submerges land

which is usually dry

Most common is when rivers or streams overflow their banks

Excessive rain, a ruptured dam or levee, rapid ice melting in the

mountains

Coastal flooding occurs when a large storm or

tsunami causes the sea to surge inland

Volcanic eruption

Volcanoes are a result of the

Earth trying to lose its internal

heat.

When rocks from the mantle

melts, moves to the surface

through the crust, and releases

gases, volcanoes erupt."

Volcanoes at Hot Spots

Volcanoes at Convergent Plate Boundaries

Volcanoes at Divergent Plate Boundaries.

Pyroclastic Flow: Fast flowing clouds of Volcanic ash and rock

Gas: Often poisonous gases released from the mantle during an eruption.

Volcanic bombs: Large volcanic rocks

Lapilli/Tephra: Small volcanic stones

Landslides: Collapsing mountain material.

Lahar: A fast flowing river of volcanicMud.

Acid rain: Rain mixed with volcanic gasses that can damage crops

Lava: Liquid rock that reaches very temperatures

Masoud mousavi

2016