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What is humanistic perspective
• flourished in the 1960s and 1970s• Maslow is considered the pioneer • humanistic approach are in the concepts of
humanism • now a day’s know as transpersonal
psychology.
Main approach
• Humans are not just conflict ridden neurotics• nor are they robotic respondents to stimuli.
• in a process of growth for becoming more integrated and intellectual rather than being just a slave to their genes.
View on human personality
• integral whole• unique context and cosmic ecology• Conscious• And aware• free will • continuous growth
Abraham Maslow
• there exists a need in every individual which directs development of an individual towards its goal of reaching his or her fullest potentials
• He linked personality development with human motivation
• Book Motivation and Personality
Two main parts of theory
• The hierarchy of needs, and how the shape personality and its development and
• Characteristics of self actualizing personalities or healthy individuals.
Key points of Maslow’s study of personality
• focused on subjective experiences• Maslow’s theory is based upon his research on
some personalities he considered self actualizing and the common traits among them.
• He included in the study of personality the explanation of human needs, how they change during the life span and how these needs influence personality development.
Characteristics of hierarchy on needs
• The intensity of the strength has link with its placement.
• Needs have a link with age• deficiency need • growth needs• Until the upper need in hierarchy becomes
important the lower one doesn’t have to be satisfied (Shultz & Shultz, 2005).
Characteristics
• most powerful, important and obviously basic need to human beings
• Person who experiences actual hunger would think about food, dream about it and at a further extent will perceive only food. It can fairly be said that such a man live only by bread. This phenomenon is demonstrated by Ancel keys experiment .
• jotting down physiological needs is nearly impossible
• For instance a person who is deprive of love or has any other similar issue can feel hungry to an extent at it takes shape of an eating disorder, as some people get hungry and eat a lot when sad or depressed especially after breakups (Goble, 1970).
Thought only about food, got obsessed with it and dreamt
about it
Became gaunt, listless and showed
decrease in strength, heart rate and BP
Lost interest in social activities, experienced social withdrawal and
isolation
Became irritable, anxious, and depressed
Effects of deprivation from safety and belongingness in war on personality
• Fields (2013) Syrian children are now deprived of basic needs to grow up and become capable.
• suffer from PTS• sense of grief, emotional confusion and low
level of self control and esteem. • “A generation has bred which beliefs that in
this world there is no justice and humanity”.
Research on teenagers
• Haslam, jetten, Postmes & Haslam (2009) suggested that teenagers that had a sense of belongingness with their community had a better emotional and health outcomes.