20110618 five vehicles and heart sutra

Updated Mar 2010

加拿大佛教會湛山精舍　

禪修學佛入門 Introduction to

Buddhism and Meditation2011/06/18

Buddhist Association of CanadaCham Shan Temple

Updated Mar 2010

Buddhist Association of CanadaCham Shan Temple

ná mó fó tuó南無佛陀

Namo Buddha

ná mó dá mó 南無達摩

Namo Dharma

ná mó sēng qié南無僧伽

Namo Sangha

加拿大佛教會 © 2006 Buddhist Association of Canada

Buddhist Association of Canada

ná mó bō rĕ huì shàng fó pú sà (3 times)南無般若會上佛菩薩 ( 三稱 )

Blessed be the Buddhas and Bodhisattvas in the Prajna Assembly.

bō rĕ bō luó mì duō xīn jīng般若波羅密多心經

Prajnaparamita Hrdaya Sutra (Heart Sutra)



guān zì zài pú sà xíng shēn bō rĕ bō luó mì duō shí

zhào jiàn wŭ yùn jiē kōng 觀自在菩薩行深般若波羅密多時

照見五蘊皆空The Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara: When

coursing in the deep Prajna Paramita, one perceives the five skandhas are sunyata;



sè jí shì kōng kōng jí shì sè shòu xiăng xíng shí yì fù rú shì

色即是空空即是色受想行識亦復如是Form is sunyata, and sunyata is form; the same is true for feelings, perceptions, volitions and consciousness.

shĕ lì zĭ shì zhū fă kōng xiàng bù shēng bù miè bù gòu bù jìng

舍利子是諸法空相不生不滅不垢不淨Sariputra, the characteristics of sunyata of all dharmas are non-arising, non-ceasing, non-defiled, non-pure,



bù zēng bù jiăn shì gù kōng zhōng wú sè wú shòu xiăng xíng shí

不增不減是故空中無色無受想行識non-increasing, non-decreasing. Therefore, in

sunyata there are no forms, no feelings, perceptions, volitions or consciousness.



wú yăn ĕr bí shé shēn yì wú sè shēng xiāng wèi chù fă

wú yăn jiè năi zhì wú yì shí jiè無眼耳鼻舌身意無色聲香味觸法

無眼界乃至無意識界No eye, ear, nose, tongue, body or mind; no

form, sound, smell, taste, touch or mind object; no realm of the eye, until we come to no realm

of consciousness.



wú wú míng yì wú wú míng jìn năi zhì wú lăo sĭ yì wú lăo sĭ jìn無無明亦無無明盡

乃至無老死亦無老死盡No ignorance and also no ending of ignorance, until we come to no old age and death and no

ending of old age and death.



wú kŭ jí miè dào wú zhì yì wú dé yĭ wú suŏ dé gù

無苦集滅道無智亦無得以無所得故Also, there is no truth of suffering, of the cause of suffering, of the cessation of suffering nor of the Path. There is no wisdom, and there is no

attainment whatsoever.



pú tí sà duō yī bō rĕ bō luó mì duō gù xīn wú guà ài菩提薩埵依般若波羅密多故心無罣礙

Because there is nothing to be attained, the Bodhisattva relying on Prajna Paramita has no obstruction in the mind.

wú guà ài gù wú yŏu kŏng bù yuăn lí diān dăo mèng xiăng jiū jìng niè pán

無罣礙故無有恐怖遠離顛倒夢想究竟涅槃Because there is no obstruction, one has no fear and

passes far beyond all confused imagination and reaches ultimate nirvana.



sān shì zhū fó yī bō rĕ bō luó mì duō gù dé ā nòu duō luó sān miăo sān pú tí

三世諸佛依般若波羅密多故得阿耨多羅三藐三菩提 The Buddhas of the past, present and future, by relying

on Prajna Paramita, have attained anuttara samyak sambodhi.



gù zhī bō rĕ bō luó mì duō shì dà shén zhòu shì dà míng zhòu shì wú shàng zhòu

故知般若波羅密多是大神咒是大明咒是無上咒Therefore, the Prajna Paramita is the great spiritual

mantra, the great illuminating mantra, the unsurpassed mantra,



shì wú dĕng dĕng zhòu néng chú yī qiè kŭ zhēn shí bù xū

是無等等咒能除一切苦真實不虛 the unequal equal mantra which can truly protect one

from all suffering without fail.

gù shuō bō rĕ bō luó mì duō zhòu jí shuō zhòu yuē故說般若波羅密多咒即說咒曰

Therefore he chanted the mantra of Prajna Paramita, saying:



jié dì jié dì bō luó jié dì bō luó sēng jié dì pú tí sà pó hē

揭諦揭諦波羅揭諦波羅僧揭諦菩提薩婆訶 ( 三稱 )Gate gate pāragate pārasamgate bodhi svāhā (3 times)

││ ○ ││ ○ ││ ○│ ││ ▽ ◎mó hē bō rĕ bō luó mì duō摩訶般若波羅密多 ( 三稱 )

Maha Prajñāpāramitā (3 times)○ ││ ││ ○ ││ ○│ ○ ││ ○◎

1 Take refuge in the Three Treasures of the Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha.

2 Earnestly cultivate the Three Perfections of Morality, Calmness, and Wisdom.

3 Shed the Three Poisons of Greed, Anger and Delusion.

4 Purify the Three Karmas of Action, Speech and Thought.

Buddhist Practice and Cultivation in Four Lines

六道十界 – The 10 RealmsMind Realm Practice

Ten realms manifest in one mind.One realm dominant, others recede.

佛 Buddha 自覺、覺他、覺行圓滿四聖 Four holy or joyous realms

菩薩 Bodhisattvas 6 paramitas 六度

緣覺 Pratyebuddhas

12 links of of causation 十二因緣

聲聞 Sravakas 4 noble truths 四聖諦

天 Devas 10 good deeds 十善六凡 Six mundane or suffering realms

人 Human beings 5 precepts 五戒

阿修羅 Asuras Anger 瞋

畜生 Animals Ignorance 痴

餓鬼 Hungry ghosts

Greediness 貪

地獄 Hell dwellers 五逆：殺父、殺母、殺阿羅漢、出佛身血、破和合僧

The Five Vehicles(Yanas) of Buddhism

The term vehicle denotes a route than one can take on the path to enlightenment. Although the Way may seem distinct the Vehicles comprise a menu of options that travelers may use to complete their journey across the lifescape.

Over time four main lineages or branches of Buddhism evolved to satisfy the sensibilities of the mixed multitudes who became attracted to the teachings of Buddha.

The routes that these lineages took as they branched out spreading Buddhism globally characterizes some distinct expressions of Buddhism that exists today.

May this presentation help you and others navigate along the Way to enlightenment.

FOUR VEHICLE LINEAGES OF BUDDHISM

HinayanaSmaller Vehicle

MahayanaGreat Vehicle

Tantrayana Diamond Vehicle

560 BCE 100 CE 100 BCE – 100 CE 600 CE

Arhat Nirvana Bodhisattva Buddhahood

Shri Lanka, Thailand, Burma, Cambodia, Laos

Shri Lanka, Thailand, Shri Lanka

North India, China, Tibet, Korea, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos and Japan. Also, in China the Ch'an tradition evolved, which was introduced into Japan, and there developed into Zen

North India, Tibet, Bhutan, Mongolia, Nepal, China, Korea, Japan.

Five Vehicles Three Vehicles

1). Human Purify Mind & Blissful Culture

2). Deva Celestial Being Doctrines

3). Sravaka (Small) Personal Liberation/Salvation 1+2). Liberated4). Praetyka Buddha (Middle) Hinayana Personal Liberation/Salvation

5). Bodhisattva (Great) 3). Bodhisattva Transcendental Guide Mahayana

1. Humanity Vehicle

• The main objectives of this vehicle are to purify the human mind and to promote a blissful culture for humanity, so that one may realize a happy and blissful existence, and live in a wholesome state in this world. Confucianism is an example of this kind of vehicle.

Purify & Blissful

2. Deva Vehicle

• All god-based religions belong to this deva/heaven vehicle. After death, one goes to heavens or hells, to the kingdom of one’s choice or the result of one’s karma. All Christian, Hindu, Muslim and any/all god-based religions belong to variations of this vehicle.

Heaven & Hell

3. Sravaka Vehicle (Small)

• Those who cultivate for the sake of personal liberation and aspiration for personal salvation. The highest level of attainment for cultivators of Small Vehicle Buddhism is the Arahat. This also refers to those who have heard the words of the Buddha and set forth with wisdom, not blind faith or beliefs. Existential questioning is a good example. All beliefs and dogmas are challenged, questioned, researched and meditated upon until one comes to a realization of liberation.

Personal Liberation

4. Pratyeka Vehicle (Medium)

• The awakening to co-operative causes (dependent originations) vehicle without hearing the words of the Buddha. Instead of hearing the Buddha’s words, people who choose this vehicle enhance their lives over mundane living by observing/studying origins of life/the universe, cause and effect and teach others about these theories. Great scientists like Professor Steven Hawking are a good example because he became the world’s top physicist exploring the origin of the universe unhampered by his physical handicap.

Personal Liberation

5. Bodhisattva Vehicle (Great)

• The doctrines of the Bodhisattva Vehicle are for the salvation and enlightenment of one’s self as well as for other sentient beings. The best example of this in modern times was Mother Teresa who was a Christian but sacrificed herself for the benefit of non-Christians.

Transcendental Guide

6. One Vehicle

• The Five Vehicles are merely expedient means; their purpose is to direct people toward Ekayana, the Buddhahood or One Vehicle, the ultimate, complete and perfect enlightenment. One should not differentiate people on the basis of their religious beliefs but simply recognizes the vehicles they have chosen because all beings are on spiritual journeys one way or another.

Realization

MEDITATION8. Navigation

• The Five Vehicles can be seen as stages of development that the Buddha expounded at different times during his life’s pilgrimage. The perspectives gained by the five can help foster tolerance amidst the range of Buddhist expressions and to support each Aspirants’ sensibilities, temperament, as their conditions may change over time.

7. Towards Buddhahood

• Above all, the ultimate, perfect and complete truth of Buddha is One Buddha Vehicle. In Buddhism, the Five Vehicle are established to facilitate the human beings to understand the reality of Buddhahood. As revealed in the Lotus Sutra, the teaching of One Buddha Vehicle is unconceivable and beyond words.

Realization

The Buddha claimed that the Awakening he rediscovered is accessible to anyone willing to put forth the effort and commitment required to pursue the Noble Eightfold Path to its end.

It is up to each of us individually to put that claim to the test.

A little wisdom is like a small lamp in the dark; as the wisdom develops the lamp glows and eventually it is like daylight and everything is crystal clear.



Basic Terms10 Chinese schoolsLife story of the BuddhaBuddhist History in IndiaBuddhist History in ChinaPractice



The Ten Schools of Chinese Buddhism:

1. Reality School or Kosa School or Abhidharma School.2. Satysiddhi School or Cheng-se School. 3. Three Sastra School or San-lun School.4. The Lotus School or T'ien-t'ai School 5. The Garland School or Hua-yen School or Avatamsaka School. 6. Intuitive School or Ch'an School or Dhyana School.7. Discipline School or Lu School or Vinaya School. 8. Esoteric School or Mi School or Mantra School.9. Dharmalaksana School or Wei-Shi School or Fa-siang School.10. Pure-land School or Sukhavati School or Ching-t'u School.

中国的佛教共分十宗，分别是：俱舍宗、成实宗、三论宗、天台宗、华严宗、唯识宗、律宗、禅宗、净土宗、密宗。



The following topics are for the upcoming Saturday Meditation Class:

1. June 18 to the end of August - Heart Sutra by Ven. Shengguang Shi (1st hour)

2. June 18 – Five Vehichles by Moshay Allen (2nd Hour)

3. June 25 - Pure Land School by Jimmy Li4. July 2 - Esoteric School by Edward Malek5. July 9 - Chan School by Kitty Cheung6. July 16 - Satysiddhi School by Waifun Lai



www.ChamShanTemple.org

www.shengguangshi.blogspot.com

[email protected] Shi 釋聖光Tom Cheung 張相棠Kam Cheung 張仁勤Dennis Yap 葉普智

Questions and Comments 討論



yuàn xiāo sān zhàng zhū fán năo

願消三障諸煩惱We wish to rid ourselves of the three hindrances and all klesas.

yuàn dé zhì huì zhēn míng lĭao

願得智慧真明了We wish to gain wisdom and real understanding.

pŭ yuàn zuì zhàng xī xiāo chú

普願罪障悉消除 We wish all sinful hindrances to be totally eradicated.

shì shì cháng xíng pú sà dào

世世常行菩薩道In one life after another we always follow Bodhisattvas’ paths.

回向Parinamana (Transfer of Merit)

Spiritual

20110618 five vehicles and heart sutra