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A2 Physical Education
Managing Elite Performance
The Former East Germany, Australia and USA
The Former East Germany
Post World War II1949 – 1990Two Separate StatesThe German Democratic RepublicA large political push for sporting
excellenceA state with a population similar to London
finished second overall in the medal standings at the 1976 Olympics
A talent identification programme was put in place
Rigorous testing of primary childrenCoaches, sport specialists and medical
staff monitored attainmentPotential talent attended child and youth
sport schoolsMainly Olympic disciplinesShop Window!
The East German Sports Model
National Sports Institute
State-run sports club
Annual Spartakiad
Sports boarding school
Primary School Talent ID
East German National Squad
State Plan 1425 Strive for Olympic
success Systematic doping of
young athletes Each athlete had their
own doctor Forced to take
performance enhancing steroids
The Jenapharm Case Athletes launched legal
action against the pharmaceutical giants
Athletes claimed they knowingly gave drugs
Jenapharm blaimed the communist system
TASK:
You are lawyers working the case. Research the case Decide which party you will represent Produce a written argument to win the
case. You will then argue your case in class
Each of the sports schools were linked to state run sports clubs
This allowed athletes to train full time without risking their amateur status for Olympic competition.
Associated with particular tradesLocomotive (Railway)/Dynamo (Police)/Spartak
(Electricians)/CSKA (Army)
National Institutes of sportState of the art facilities
TreadmillsSwimming flumesHypoxic Chambers
Final preparation for the OlympicsGerman College of Physical Culture in
LeipzigHome to most of the ‘supportive medicine’
Modern Day Germany
Germany still have a talent ID schemesport institute modelmany Olympic training centresNo doping scandal!
Australia
Australian Institute of sportBorn out of failure at the 1976 Olympics in
Montreal One silverFour bronze
A world best practice model for elite athlete development
UK setting up similar programmes
Public displeasure led to large government funding
Public money was spent on creating an elite sports system to ensure future succes
AIS 1981
Initial intake of 150 athletes across 8 sports
AIS now offers scholarships to 600 athletes each year in 35 separate programmes covering 25 different sports
It employs 75 full-time coachedMain focus on the Olympics
High performance coachingState of the art technologyWorld-class sports medicine and sports science
facilityAccommodationSport SearchNeed for focussed, successful talent IDPop: 20.7million compared to 60.5million in UK
http://www.ausport.gov.au/ais
Task:
Using rowing as an example, explain how the AIS used sports search to identify potential talent in the build up to the 2000 Sydney Olympics.
Athlete Career and Education (ACE) Programme
Australian scholarship holdersEnhance personal development and
performance through career and education services
Advisors help athletes plan for life after sport
AIS also provides administrative, sports science and coaching services
Funding for state and territory institutes, academies and national sporting organisations.
Some AIS developments
The Ice Jackethttp://www.sportsci.org/news/news9811/
AISjackets.html The Super Roo Bike & wind tunnel testinghttp://www.powerhousemuseum.com/hsc/
bike/article.htm The Altitude Househttp://www.abc.net.au/news/olympics/
features/altitude.htm
Since 1998 AIS has branched out from central model of Canberra to state run facilities
Falls in line with federal/state political administration of Australia
Reflection of their dedication to improvement and development
Commonly athletes preferred to stay in their locality
Non residential
United States of America
Task: 20 minsDescribe how the USA structure their
sport and talent I.D. and how their scholarship programmes are structured. Give evidence of the following:Nurturing TalentHigh School SportCollege and University Sport
USA
Sporting talent is nurtured through high school and college system
Not club based Mirror of professional sport structure Top class facilities for performers and
spectators Colleges receive huge support from local
areas both financial and as spectators
Scholarships
Provides talented amateur sportsmen and women with an exclusive opportunity to pursue both an academic and athletic career simultaneously.
Can cover many, sometimes all, of the costs associated with earning a university degree.
In return, the student-athlete will represent the university in their respective sport and maintain a good level of academic performance.
There are currently over 500,000 student-athletes competing for approximately 2000 collegiate sports programs.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pvuW_sWtETA
The Annual Draft
Professional Sports Contract
Draft
4 Years Higher Ed Squad
Sports Scholarship
High School Squad
Brought in in 1936 the draft is a mechanism for equalising the league and avoiding imbalance of power
Professional clubs cream off the best college players
Closely followed by media and public
Every college game is recorded and analysed by a national office
Players are then rankedThe top ranked go through to the draftDraft works in reverse order – weakest
performing teams get first pick of the best college athletes
Trading and competition between teamsStart in feeder teams of professional clubsOnly 5 % make it to first team
www.ncaa.orgwww.nfl.com/draft
Stretch and Challenge
Copy out the text and answer the questionPg 159
The UK
What structures are in place and what developments have there been in the UK to enhance elite sport?
Have you made reference to these?
UK Sport – sports councilsWorld Class Performance PathwayUKSINational Network CentresNGB’sElite Coach Education Programme ACE UKAthlete Funding
UK Sport Structure
World Class System
UKSI – National Network and High Performance Centres
www.uksport.gov.uk/pages/athlete_zone
ACE UK/Performance Lifestyle
http://www.uksport.gov.uk/pages/performance-lifestyle/
How does the funding of elite athletes differ around the world?