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AIIT Infotalk by Adam Johnson of Midokura on OpenStack cloud platform
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OpenStack - Towards an Open CloudAIIT InfoTalk #26 2011
Adam JohnsonTwitter: @adjohn
1Friday, January 21, 2011
Application Platforms Undergoing A Major Shift
2
Applications are quickly moving to the cloud•#1 priority is virtualization•#2 is cloud computing[Based on a Gartner Study]
2Friday, January 21, 2011
Midokura Overview
3
• Founded in January 2010• Based in Tokyo• 9 employees (and growing)• Former Google, Amazon engineers
• Developing “Cloud enabling technologies”• Virtualized networking• Cloud storage• Distributed architecture and management
• We think - OpenStack is going to be HUGE
3Friday, January 21, 2011
What is OpenStack?
4
Overview of the project
4Friday, January 21, 2011
OpenStack: The Mission
5
Provision virtual machines on standard hardware at massive scale
Software to reliably store billions of objects distributed across standard hardware
creating open source software to build public and private clouds
5Friday, January 21, 2011
OpenStack: The Mission
6
"To produce the ubiquitous Open Source cloud computing platform that will meet the needs of public and private cloud providers regardless of size, by being simple to implement and massively
scalable."
6Friday, January 21, 2011
7
7Friday, January 21, 2011
OpenStack History
8
2005 2010
March May June July
Rackspace Cloud
developed
Rackspace decides to Open SourceCloud Software
NASA OpenSources Nebula
Platform
OpenStack formedb/w Rackspace and
NASA
First designSummit in Austin, TX
8Friday, January 21, 2011
OpenStack History
9
2011July October November February
OpenStack launches with 25+
partners
First ʻAustinʼ coderelease with 35+
partners
First public DesignSummit in San
Antonio
Second ʻBexarʼ coderelease planned
9Friday, January 21, 2011
OpenStack Founding Principles
10
•Apache 2.0 license (OSI), open development process
•Open design process, 2x year public Design Summits
•Publicly available open source code repository
•Open community processes documented and transparent
•Commitment to drive and adopt open standards
•Modular design for deployment flexibility via APIs
10Friday, January 21, 2011
Community with Broad Commercial Support
11
11Friday, January 21, 2011
OpenStack in Japan
12
•Japan OpenStack User Group (JOSUG)•website: http://openstack.jp•google group: openstack-ja
12Friday, January 21, 2011
Why is OpenStack Important?
13
•Open eliminates vendor lock-in
•Working together, we all go faster
•Freedom to federate, or move between clouds
13Friday, January 21, 2011
HOW TO: Turn Racks of Standard Hardware Into a
Cloud with OpenStack
14Friday, January 21, 2011
Start with an open, scalable platform
OpenStack Compute OpenStack Object Storage
CLOUD OS
OpenStack Image Service
15Friday, January 21, 2011
User Control Panel
TicketingSystem
NetworkManagement
MonitoringSystems
Host Server Management
ECOSYSTEM
OpenStack Compute OpenStack Object Storage
CLOUD OS
OpenStack Image Service
Add 3rd party tools from the ecosystem
16Friday, January 21, 2011
User Control Panel
TicketingSystem
NetworkManagement
MonitoringSystems
Host Server Management
AccountBilling
Admin CLITools
Live ChatSupport
AccountManagement
ECOSYSTEM
PUBLIC CLOUD
OpenStack Compute OpenStack Object Storage
CLOUD OS
OpenStack Image Service
17Friday, January 21, 2011
User Control Panel
TicketingSystem
NetworkManagement
MonitoringSystems
Host Server Management
ECOSYSTEM
Admin ControlPanel
Dept. Accounting Chargeback
UserManagement
Enterprise SoftwareIntegration Systems
PRIVATE CLOUD
OpenStack Compute OpenStack Object Storage
CLOUD OS
OpenStack Image Service
Integrate with existing enterprise systems18Friday, January 21, 2011
OpenStack Compute
19
Software to provision virtual machines on standard hardware at massive scale
19Friday, January 21, 2011
Asynchronous eventually consistent
communication
REST-based API
Horizontally and massively scalable
Hypervisor agnostic: support for Xen ,XenServer, Hyper-V,
KVM, UML and ESX is coming Hardware agnostic: standard hardware, RAID not required
OpenStack Compute Key Features
20Friday, January 21, 2011
API: Receives HTTP requests, converts commands to/from API format, and sends requests to cloud controller
Cloud Controller: Global state of system, talks to LDAP, OpenStack Object Storage, and node/storage workers through a queue
User Manager
ATAoE / iSCSI
Host Machines: workers that spawn instances
Glance: HTTP + OpenStack Object Storage for server imagesOpenStack Compute
21Friday, January 21, 2011
Server Groups1 GigE Connectivity
Dual Quad CoreRAID 10 Drives
Public Network
Private Network(intra data center)
Management
Example OpenStack Compute Hardware
(other models possible)
22Friday, January 21, 2011
Compute Components
23
•API Server: Interface module for command and control requests•Designed to be modular to support multiple APIs•In current release: OpenStack API, EC2 Compatibility Module•Approved blueprint: Open Cloud Computing Interface (OCCI)
•Message Queue: Broker to handle interactions between services•Currently based on RabbitMQ
•Metadata Storage: ORM Layer using SQLAlchemy for datastore abstraction
•In current release: MySQL•In development: PostgreSQL
•User Manager: Directory service to store user identities•In current release: OpenLDAP, FakeLDAP (with Redis)
•Scheduler: Determines the placement of a new resource requested via the API
•Modular architecture to allow for optimization•Base schedulers included in Austin: Round-robin, Least busy
23Friday, January 21, 2011
Compute Components
24
•Compute Worker: Manage compute hosts through commands received on the Message Queue via the API
•Base features: Run, Terminate, Reboot, Attach/Detach •Volume, Get Console Output
•Network Controller: Manage networking resources on compute hosts through commands received on the Message Queue via the API
•Support for multiple network models•Fixed (Static) IP addresses•VLAN zones with NAT
•Volume Worker: Interact with iSCSI Targets to manage volumes•Base features: Create, Delete, Establish
•Image Store: Manage and deploy VM images to host machines
24Friday, January 21, 2011
OpenStack Object Storage
25
Software to reliably store billions of objects distributed across standard hardware
25Friday, January 21, 2011
REST-based API Data distributed evenly throughout system
Hardware agnostic: standard hardware, RAID not required
OpenStack Object Storage Key Features
No centraldatabase
Scalable to multiple petabytes, billions of objects
Account/Container/Object structure (not file system, no nesting) plus Replication (N copies of accounts, containers, objects)
26Friday, January 21, 2011
Object Storage Architecture
27
27Friday, January 21, 2011
5 Zones2 Proxies per 25Storage Nodes
10 GigE to Proxies1 GigE to
Storage Nodes24 x 2TB Drives
per Storage Node
Public Internet
Example OpenStack Object Storage Hardware
Load Balancers (SW)
Example only – many configurations possible28Friday, January 21, 2011
Object Storage Components
29
•The Ring: Mapping of names to entities (accounts,containers, objects) on disk.
•Stores data based on zones, devices, partitions, and replicas
•Weights can be used to balance the distribution of partitions
•Used by the Proxy Server for many background processes
•Proxy Server: Request routing, exposes the public API
•Replication: Keep the system consistent, handle failures
•Updaters: Process failed or queued updates
•Auditors: Verify integrity of objects, containers, and accounts
29Friday, January 21, 2011
Object Storage Components (cont)
30
•Account Server: Handles listing of containers, stores as SQLite DB
•Container Server: Handles listing of objects, stores as SQLite DB
•Object Server: Blob storage server, metadata kept in xattrs, data in binary format
•Recommended to run on XFS
•Object location based on hash of name & timestamp
30Friday, January 21, 2011
Object Storage Software Dependencies
31
Object Storage should work on most Linux platforms with the following software (main build target for Austin release is Ubuntu 10.04):
•Python 2.6•rsync 3.0
And the following python libraries:•Eventlet 0.9.8•WebOb 0.9.8•Setuptools•Simplejson•Xattr•Nose•Sphinx
31Friday, January 21, 2011
Building a Cloud
32
OpenStack Powered
32Friday, January 21, 2011
OpenStack Isn’t Everything
33
33Friday, January 21, 2011
Technical Prerequisites
34
CLOUD HAS A MINIMUM PRACTICAL SCALE
DATACENTER MADE “CLOUD READY”
EQUIPMENT BUILT FOR CLOUD
•Proof of Concept: 5+ Servers•Pilot: 20+ Servers•Production: 40+ Servers
•Networking•Power
•CPUs with virtualization and power management support•Storage platforms with flexible workload capabilities
34Friday, January 21, 2011
Cloud Ready Datacenter Requirements
35
HOMOGEOUS CONFIGURATION
INCREASED POWER DENSITY
FAT TREE / MESH NETWORKS
“LIGHTS OUT” OPERATION
35Friday, January 21, 2011
Deploying the Cloud
36
36Friday, January 21, 2011
OpenStack GUI Options
37
• Cappuccino Web Panel
• iOS Control Panel
• Android
• Django Based Control Panel
•SimCloud - Sim City Like GUI
• Etc..
37Friday, January 21, 2011
OpenStack Development Process
38
38Friday, January 21, 2011
OpenStack Release Process: Four Phases
39
Design* Development QA Release
*Design phase and Design Summit occur every other release, 2x per year
39Friday, January 21, 2011
OpenStack Releases
40
Cactus:April 2011
Bexar: February 2011
Austin:October 2010
• OpenStack Object Storage production-ready• OpenStack Compute developer preview, ready for testing and proofs of concept
• OpenStack Compute ready for enterprise private cloud deployments and mid-size service provider deployments• Enhanced documentation• Easier to install and deploy
•OpenStack Compute ready for large service provider scale deployments
We are here!
40Friday, January 21, 2011
Openstack Compute: Austin Release
41
•Multi-hypervisor support: KVM, QEMU, User-Mode Linux, Xen and XenServer
•Introduces official OpenStack API, while maintaining EC2 API option
•New image registry and delivery service, called the Glance project
•Support for two network models on compute nodes: VLANs with DHCP and flat
with either static IP pools or DHCP
•Addition of base scheduling service
•Implements WSGI to create a standard API layer with reusable components
•Support for user-friendly naming
•Refactored ORM and networking code for simpler code that is easier to understand
•Addition of SQLAlchemy Database toolkit so users can leverage existing SQL
infrastructure
41Friday, January 21, 2011
Openstack Object Storage: Austin Release
42
•Addition of a stats system that produces per-account hourly summaries of system
usage
•Ability for users to set ACL’s and grant public access to containers
•Support for API access to account and container metadata
•Rate limiting was extended to allow requests to be slowed down and support stair
stepped rate limits based on container size
•WSGI support was improved and pulled into middleware
42Friday, January 21, 2011
What’s next for OpenStack?
43
Future releases and features in the next versions of OpenStack
43Friday, January 21, 2011
Openstack Compute: Bexar Release
44
•IPv6/IPv4 Dual Stack Support
•Sheepdog Support
•I18N Japanese messages support
•Microsoft Hyper-v support
•raw-disk images
•Web-based serial console
See all the blueprints at https://blueprints.launchpad.net/nova/bexar
44Friday, January 21, 2011
Beyond Bexar
45
•Block Storage by Sheepdog
•Plugin Network Architecture
•Virtualized Networking with Midonet
45Friday, January 21, 2011
Sheepdog
46
Distributed block storage for KVM
http://www.osrg.net/sheepdog/
46Friday, January 21, 2011
Current Networking Model
47
47Friday, January 21, 2011
Network as a First Class Service
48
48Friday, January 21, 2011
Virtualized Networking Architecture
49
49Friday, January 21, 2011
Midonet - flexible virtual networks
50
Fully Distributed Virtual Networking
• L2/L3 virtual distributed switches
• Distributed virtual load balancing
• Distributed virtual firewalls
• Scale out
• and more!
50Friday, January 21, 2011
Midonet - flexible virtual networks
51
51Friday, January 21, 2011
Questions?
52
Developing, Using, Future Trends, ...
52Friday, January 21, 2011
Sign up for the Beta
53
If you want to help us build a better
cloud, you can sign up for our beta and
try our upcoming products.
http://midokura.com/beta.html
53Friday, January 21, 2011
Want to know more?
54
• http://openstack.org
• Japan OpenStack User Group
• Contact the Midokura Team
• OpenStack Community
54Friday, January 21, 2011
55
Life at Midokura
55Friday, January 21, 2011
But wait there’s more!
56
• Free OpenStack t-shirts!
• Midokura is hiring!
• More Questions?
• Meet the Midokura team afterwards
56Friday, January 21, 2011
Thank You!
57
Join the OpenStack revolution!
Special thanks to others who generously provided presentation content:http://www.theregister.co.uk/2011/01/08/openstack/http://www.slideshare.net/bpiatt/openstack-tutorialhttp://www.slideshare.net/annegentle/openstack-overview-for-austin-cloud-user-grouphttp://adrianotto.com/2010/09/openstack-os-is-great-for/
57Friday, January 21, 2011