A..C.C.E.S.S - SC EMD

PROJECT A.C.C.E.S.S.Advanced Communication Community Emergency Services Support

©

(c) 2008 Mobee Communications

Problem Statement

� Cell & other communication infrastructures are susceptible to natural disasters and potentially to domestic and foreign terrorist attacks.


Problem Statement

� According to the National Hurricane Center in a 2007 report and the Annual Global Climate & Catastrophe Report of 2005, in Florida during Hurricane Wilma, 3.2 million customers, equivalent to 6 million people, lost power.

� In some areas cell phone services were unavailable for up to two months.


Who is Affected?

� Disaster conditions affect individuals as well as businesses, local, county and state services.

� Communications become very difficult – land lines get disconnected by surge conditions or damaged telephone poles.


Who is Affected?

� During Katrina, the hearing impaired & deaf population were affected.

� The hurricane caused outages and loss of communications which made it difficult or impossible to reach professionals who provided visual information through interpreting and other related services.


Impact

� The impact is equal for people and the local economies.

� Power and communication outages impact families and first responders. 911 centers become overwhelmed by calls for assistance. The existing cell services get flooded with calls to the point that the network begins to fail.


Benefits of Deploying A.C.C.E.S.S.

� Building the MobeeMesh infrastructure will enhance the Public Safety Network and create a public access network to help with information sharing among Emergency Responders.

� It will allow residents to access emergency services anywhere the MobeeMesh is deployed.

� It will reduce the cost of communications between state, county and city responders and emergency management managers.


How the A.C.C.E.S.S. Network Works

� Mobee Communications has designed a Mobee phone that integrades all the elements necessary to provide simple, inexpensive and high quality communications.

� The MobeeMesh network can be configured with various service providers to encompass a far wider range of services.

Mobee Architecture

Unmodified Mobile Client Device

DHCP Client ARP

DHCP Server

Handoff Algorithm

Client Link QualityControl Group

Interceptor Raw Socket

Pocket Proxy

DestinationData Group

NAT

Applications

ClientData GroupIn

terf

ace

with

Mob

ile C

lient

s

Data Router

Internet802.11 Wireless Mesh (UDP/IP Unicast)

Link-State RoutingGroup Multicast

and Anycast

Fishbone

Com

mun

icat

ion

Infr

astr

uctu

re

Mobee Mesh


How the Mob ee Communicator Works

1 2

45

3

7

MobeeMesh allows multiple access pointsto service the client during handoff. In MobeeMesh, packets sent by the mobile client are diverted from the kernel to the Fishbone user-level overlay router.MobeeMesh encapsulates client packetsand sends them through the overlay network to the access points serving the destination.Once the pockets are received by the destination’s access points, MobeeMesh strips the overlay headers and forwards the original packet to the mobile client using a raw socket.

6


Number of Clients We Can Support

On a MobeeMesh node the maximum number of clients is limitedonly by the internal memory of the routers. The architecture maintains one entry in each routing table per client, which requiresa total of 32 x N bytes in kernel memory, where N is the number ofnodes in the MobeeMesh network.

Example: A wireless router with a 16 MB of RAM, has only5 MB available to be used for the routing. It can theoretically support at least 9000 mobile clients. In our architecture, this number is muchgreater because an entry is added in a routing table only if the router ison the path towards that client.


Number of Clients We Can Support

As the size of the MobeeMesh network increases, more routing tables need to be maintained; however, as clients are likely to be spread evenly throughout the network, the number of entriesmaintained by each router does not significantly grow.


Types of Mob eeMesh Coverage

• Comprehensive

• Essential

• Targeted



Comprehensive

This coverage level requires that the entire outdoor target area is covered by a Wireless Mesh Network signal and that each Access Point is able to establish links to at least two neighboring Access Points. This results in the highest density of Access Points, but eliminates single points of failure within the MobeeMesh. Typically, mobile nodes can access the network in most outdoor locations within the target area. There will be some areas such as alleyways and courtyardsthat will have limited coverage.



Essential

This coverage level is similar to Comprehensive Mesh coverage except that some secondary streets and unoccupied areas will not have full coverage. This allows for a lower density of Access Points while still maintaining coverage in essential outdoor areas of interest.

A mix of Comprehensive and Essential Mesh coverage can be used to ensure satisfactory coverage of large areas while lowering deployment and maintenance costs.



Targeted

This coverage level applies either the Comprehensive or Essential Mesh coverage strategy to only select areas within the targeted city. This allows for deployment of Wireless Mesh Network coverage at key locations within a city such as the downtown core, convention areas,tourist areas, ports, and transportation centers.


Link Range and Access Density

32 per km2 / 81 per sq. mi.Suburban: Comprehensive

6 per km2 / 16 per sq. mi.Suburban: Essential

19 per km2 / 49 per sq. mi.Urban LOS: Comprehensive

6 per km2 / 16 per sq. mi.Urban LOS: Essential

6 per km2 / 16 per sq. mi.Open Space: Comprehensive

4 per km2 / 9 per sq. mi.Open Space: Essential

Minimum Access Point Density Environment/Coverage


MobeeMesh Propagation Environments

• Clear Link

• Urban Line Of Sight (LOS)

• Suburban

• Indoor Open

• Indoor Cluttered



Clear Link

The Clear Link environment has no obstructions on or near the line of sight between the transmitter and the receiver. The Clear Link environment represents the most benign environment a MobeeMesh node can encounter. MobeeMesh nodes must be mounted at least 10 meters above ground level to achieve a Clear Link environment.



Urban Line Of Sight (LOS)

The Urban LOS environment represents along-street propagation, where there is a line of sight between the transmitter and the receiver. Obstructions near the line of sight cause RF propagation path loss; ground and wall reflections cause RF fading. MobeeMesh nodes are typically mounted less than 10 meters above ground level in an urban LOS environment.



Suburban

The Suburban environment typically consists of houses and trees of similar heights. The Suburban environment has a mixture of LOS and non-LOS conditions for transit links and generally non-LOS conditions for access links. Significant clutter results in a highly variable RF propagation path loss for any given range; propagation can be as good as the urban LOS environment, or worse than the Cluttered Indoorenvironment. MobeeMesh nodes are typically mounted on light standards at or just above rooftop level.



Indoor Open

The Indoor Open environment represents an indoor space with a high ceiling and largely unobstructed propagation conditions such as airports, shopping malls, and warehouses. Minor obstructions, such as those due to superstructure or internal partitions, result in minor RFpropagation path loss.



Indoor Cluttered

The Indoor Cluttered environment represents an indoor space with a low ceiling and internal partitions such as open plan offices and residential dwellings. Propagation is generally non-LOS, resulting in significant RF propagation path loss.


Building the MobeeMesh A.C.C.E.S.S. Network


Building the Mob eeMesh A.C.C.E.S.S. Network

Plan

This step would start from early preliminary information gathering to full network design. This step is very critical to reduce the need for prolonged debugging and troubleshooting of the network.



Deployment

The process of determining AP placement is divided into two steps: placement estimation and site survey.

To assist with placement estimation, consider the following:

placement of Network Access Points (NAP) such as determining theavailability of wired or wireless backhaul services.



Deployment

Availability of continuous AC power for NAPs. When considering AC power availability, it is very important to determine if AC power is available 100% of the time or if the power is only available during a portion of the day. For instance, some outdoor lamp posts are centrally switched and do not have AC power during daylight hours. In such cases, an AC-backup supply that meets local environmental and regulatory requirements can be used.

Accessibility to desired location such as landlord permission and physical access. It is very important to determine if permission must be obtained from a landlord or utility before servicing an AP.



Deployment – Alternative Power Solutions by Mob ee


Simple Mob eeMesh Network with Redundancy

To ensure network redundancy, a design must have multiple NAPs’ to reduce single points of failure. As shown in Figure A, the network is designed in such a way that whenever an AP failsthere is still adequate mesh coverage.

Figure: A

NAP

NAP

N

N

N

A Typical Mob eeMesh Deployment at Hilton Head

A Typical Mob eeMesh Deployment at Beaufort

Evacuation routes1 sq.mile

CommunityNeighborhoods

Shelters/Emergency


One Community

State

CountyCity

One A.C.C.E.S.S.

Emergency Management Services

“meeting the challenges of the 21st century”


One Community




One Community“meeting the challenges of the 21st century”

A.C.C.E.S.S.



One Community

FCC Panel Reviewing the Impact of Katrina on Commun ication Networks

The Report gave the nation’s communication system a failing grade and listed building an effective communications system as one of its topPriorities.1

1 Emergency Preparedness and Emergency Communication Access: Lessons Learned Since 9/11 and Recommendations, available at http://www.nvrc.org/content.aspx?page=2451&section=5



One Community

FCC Panel Reviewing the Impact of Katrina on Commun ication Networks

Recommendations that were reinforced by Katrina experiences are:

• The critical need for additional redundancy to ensure effectivecommunication during preparation, notification, response, and recovery.

• The need to develop a visually accessible communication system that can operate with off-the-self products.

• The need to better equip shelters and train providers to ensure effective communication with deaf and hard of hearing evacuees.


Released in December 2004

Mobee Communications

Building Services Around Community Needs

™

Building Services Around Community Needs


Technology

A..C.C.E.S.S - SC EMD