• SYNONYMS• ANTONYMS

• OBJECT/ACTION• SOURCE/PRODUCT

• PART/WHOLE• ANIMAL/HABITAT

Analogies

1

Analogies

An analogy compares two pairs of words that are related in the same way.

shovel : dig :: pencil : write

This is an analogy because shovel and dig go together in the same way that pencil and write go together.

HOW TO READ THIS ANALOGY

“Shovel is to dig as pencil is to write.”

or

“Shovel goes with dig like pencil goes with write.”

Types of analogies

There are many types of analogies. Some of the types are:

Synonyms, Source/Product

Antonyms, Part/Whole

Object/Action, Animal Habitat

NOTE: Possible solutions are provided for the exercises, but there are also other correct solutions to many of the analogies.

find : discover :: begin : startFind and discover go together because they both mean the same thing. They are synonyms. Begin and start also go together because they are synonyms.

SYNONYMS

right : correct :: under: _____

Complete this analogy.

Explain why your answer is correct.

right : correct :: under: below

Below is a correct answer because

below is a synonym for under.

Solve these analogies by adding synonyms.

1.back : rear :: flat : _____

2.courageous : brave :: sly : _____

3. small : little :: quiet : _____

4. narrow : thin :: wealthy : _____

5. terrifying : frightening :: calm : _____

Solutions

back : rear :: flat : levelcourageous : brave :: sly : sneaky small : little :: quiet : silent narrow : thin :: wealthy : richterrifying : frightening :: calm : peaceful

serious : funny :: huge : tinySerious and funny go together because their meanings are opposite. They are antonyms. Huge and tiny also go together because they are antonyms.

ANTONYMS

new : old :: narrow: _____

Complete this analogy.

Explain why your answer is correct.

new : old :: narrow: wide

Wide is correct because wide is an

antonym for narrow.

Solve these analogies by adding antonyms.

1. open : close :: up :_____

2. correct : mistaken :: dangerous : _____

3.graceful : clumsy :: gentle :_____

4. fiction : non-fiction :: toxic : _____

5.credit : debit :: positive : _____

Solutions

open : close :: up : down correct : mistaken :: dangerous : safe graceful : clumsy :: gentle : harsh fiction : non-fiction :: toxic : non-toxiccredit : debit :: positive : negative

scissors : cut :: eraser :eraseScissors and cut go together because scissors is an object and cut is its action. Eraser and erase also go together because they are an object and its action.

OBJECT/ACTION

eye : see:: nose : _____

Complete this analogy.

Explain why your answer is correct.

eye : see :: nose : smell

Smell is correct

because smell is the action

associated with a nose.

Solve these analogies by adding an action word.

1. ear : hear :: hand : _____

2. rooster : crow :: lion : _____

3. clock : tick :: bell : _____

4.boat : float :: airplane : ____

5.broom : sweep :: shovel : ____

Solutions

1. ear : hear :: hand : write

2. rooster : crow :: lion : roar

3. clock : tick :: bell : ring

4.boat : float :: airplane : fly

5.broom : sweep :: shovel : dig

Well and water go together because a well is a source where water is found. Beach and sand go together in the same way because a beach is a source where sand is found.

SOURCE/PRODUCT

well : water :: beach : sand

tree : lumber :: quarry : ____

Complete this analogy.

Explain why your answer is correct.

tree : lumber :: quarry : stone

Stone is correct because it is a

product that comes from a quarry.

Solve these analogies by adding a product from each of the sources listed.

1. field : corn :: pond : ____

2.mine : diamonds :: oyster shells : ____

3.sheep : wool :: silkworm : ____

4.palm tree : coconuts :: maple tree : ____

5. paddy : rice :: bog : ____

Solutions

1. field : corn :: pond : fish2. mine : diamonds :: oyster shells : pearls 3. sheep : wool :: silkworm : silk4. palm tree : coconuts :: maple tree : syrup 5. paddy : rice :: bog : cranberries

toe : foot :: finger : handToe and foot go together because a toe is part of a foot. Finger and hand also go together because a finger is part of a hand.

PART/WHOLE

room : house :: chapter: ____

Complete this analogy.

Explain why your answer is correct.

room : house :: chapter: book

Book is correct because a chapter

is part of a book.

Solve these analogies by adding a whole that goes with the part.

1. steering wheel : automobile :: wing : ____

2.branch : tree :: boxcar : ____

3.kernel : corn :: grain : ____

4. leg : chair :: handle : ____

5. word : sentence :: letter : ____

Solutions

1. steering wheel : automobile :: wing : airplane2. branch : tree :: boxcar : train3. kernel : corn :: grain : wheat4. leg : chair :: handle : cup5. word : sentence :: letter : word

spider : web :: bird : nestSpider and web go together because a spider is an animal and a web is its habitat. Bird and nest also go together because a bird is an animal and a nest is its habitat.

ANIMAL/HABITAT

bat : cave :: bear : ____

Complete this analogy.

Explain why your answer is correct.

bat : cave :: bear : den

Den is correct

because a bear

lives in a den.

Solve these analogies by adding a habitat.

1. ant : hill :: bee : ____

2. cattle : barn :: chicken : ____

3. pig : sty :: horse : ____

4. giraffe : grasslands :: polar bear : ____

5. toucan : rain forest :: bald eagle : ____

Solutions

1. ant : hill :: bee : hive 2. cattle : barn :: chicken : coop 3. pig : sty :: horse : stable 4. giraffe : grasslands :: polar bear : tundra 5. toucan : rain forest :: bald eagle :

temperate forest

Sort these pairs of words into the three categories below.

AntonymsSynonyms Object/Action

sun : shine clock : tick laugh : cry pen : write give : receive right : correct transparent : opaque divide : multiply ambulance : rescue liquid : fluid shout : scream

Solution

AntonymsSynonyms Object/Action

right : correct

liquid : fluid

shout : scream

sun : shine

clock : tick

pen : write

ambulance : rescue

laugh : cry

give : receive

transparent : opaque

divide : multiply

Sort these pairs of words into the three categories below.

Part/WholeSource/Product Animal/Habitat

dime : dollar bead : necklace eagle : forest tree : walnuts stream : gold nuggets horse : stable whale : ocean key : piano toe : foot bees : honey student : class

Solution

Part/WholeSource/Product Animal/Habitat

tree : walnuts

stream : gold nuggets

bees : honey

dime : dollar

bead : necklace

key : piano

toe : foot

student : class

eagle : forest

horse : stable

whale : ocean

Solve these analogies. Then, tell which type of analogy each one is: synonym, antonym, or object/action.

1. hand : touch :: eye : ____

2. car : automobile :: ship : ____

3. work : labor :: incinerate : ____

4. failure : success :: mistaken : ____

5. world : earth :: teacher : ____

Solutions

hand : touch :: eye : see OBJECT/ACTION

car : automobile :: ship : boat SYNONYMS

work : labor :: incinerate : burn SYNONYMS

failure : success :: mistaken : correct ANYONYMS

world : earth :: teacher : instructor SYNONYMS

Solve these analogies. Then tell which type of analogy each one is: source/product, part/whole, or animal/habitat.

1.garden : tomatoes :: ocean : ____

2.blade : ice skate :: wheel : ____

3.button : shirt :: latch : ____

4.Camel : desert :: crocodile : ____

5.McDonald’s : hamburger :: Chick-fil-A : ____

Solutions

1. garden : tomatoes :: ocean : tuna

SOURCE/PRODUCT

2. blade : ice skate :: wheel : skateboard

PART/WHOLE

3. button : shirt :: latch : door

PART/WHOLE

4. Camel : desert :: crocodile : swamp

ANIMAL/HABITAT

5. McDonald’s : hamburger :: Chick-fil-A : nuggets

SOURCE/PRODUCT

Review Questions

1. What is an analogy?2. Name six types of analogies.3. Give an example of each type.