Avnet IP&E Technology Guide: Interconnect, Passive and Electromechanical Products

IP&E Technology Guide InTErconnEcT, PassIvE and ElEcTromEchanIcal ProducTs

QuIck rEfErEncE vErsIon 6.0

IP&E Technology Guide InTErconnEcT, PassIvE and ElEcTromEchanIcal ProducTs

IP&E Information at Your Fingertips @ www.em.avnet.com/ipezone

1 IP&E Technology Guide 6.0

2 The Avnet IP&E Story

3 Connectivity Block Diagram

4 System Blocks: IP&E Support

6 Capacitors

7 Circuit Protection

8 Filters

9 High-Reliability and Military

11 Inductors

12 Commercial Interconnect

13 Magnetics

14 Power Supplies

15 Relays

16 Resistors

17 RF and Wireless

18 Switches and Sensors

19 Thermal Management

20 Timing Solutions

21 IP&E Physical Value-Add Services

TablE of conTEnTsThis guide simplifies application design and accelerates

time-to-market by defining basic, system-level Interconnect,

Passive and Electromechanical (IP&E) building blocks.

In addition, the guide provides a “who’s who” of IP&E

technology manufacturers and demonstrates how Avnet

can meet a full breadth of product requirements and, in the

process, add exceptional value to our customers.

In ThIs GuIdE>> Connectivity, product, commodity and

vertical market information

>> Functional connectivity block diagrams, along with

common system blocks, to facilitate association

of IP&E and semiconductor products

>> Product-specific sections that spotlight suppliers and

technologies and provide valuable information that can

be used throughout the product development lifecycle

ThE avnET IP&E sTorY

IP&E Technology Guide 6.0 2

Avnet Electronics Marketing is committed to successfully supporting our customers’ Interconnect, Passive and Electromechanical (IP&E) requirements with best-in-class people, products and services. We achieve this goal by leveraging the manufacturing and technology expertise of our industry-leading supplier partners, investing in dedicated IP&E resources and tools, and creating value for our customers by providing support throughout the product development lifecycle. Avnet’s unparalleled strength and scale allow us to deliver specialized IP&E solutions that integrate differentiated product and service offerings, supported by world-class design chain and supply chain expertise.

INVENTORY

eCOMMERCE

VALUE-ADD SERVICES

LINE CARD

DEDICATED RESOURCES

lInE card/TEchnoloGY covEraGE » 68 manufacturers supply products across 15 different technologies » The top manufacturer in every category is on the Avnet EMA line card

commErcIal, hIGh-rElIabIlITY and mIlITarY IP&E InvEnTorY PosITIon » $150 to $200 million on-hand and an additional $150 to $200 million in the pipeline » Appropriate inventory mix across commodities: interconnect (50%), passive (30%) and electromechanical (20%)

dEdIcaTEd cusTomEr rEsourcEs » 350+ Sales and Marketing Representatives and Managers » 350+ Field-deployed Account Managers » 150+ Field Applications Engineers » 125+ employees dedicated to providing IP&E materials, pricing, marketing and technical support

sErvIcEsAvnet offers a wide range of IP&E services from any point in the design cycle from concept to architectural design, to new product introductions and on through next generation modification or end-of-life. With offerings that run the gamut from Web seminars to connector assembly, Avnet offers it all.

EcommErcE − ThE PoWEr of avnET avaIlablE onlInEThe power of Avnet is conveniently online at AvnetExpress.com. At AvnetExpress.com, you can do a parametric search, cross reference parts and check pricing and availability as well as delivery status. You can also access Web content, which includes publications, featured products, product news and special offers that support new product releases from our supplier partners.

design » Parametric search » Technical support » Development tools & kits » New product introduction

Products » Over 5 million parts online » Over 1.5 million parts in quantities of 1 » Cut reel program

search/sort/compare » Top sellers » Alternate parts » Prototype quantities » In stock only

order and delivery » No minimum orders » No handling charges » Global and same day shipping » Bill of Material upload

IP&E EcosYsTEm


connEcTIvITY block dIaGram

“on board” Interconnect, Passive & Electromechanical Products

“off the board” Products

MONSTER CHIP:MCU, MPU, FPGA,

ASIC, ETC.

DC POWER

MOST OF THESE PRODUCTS HAVE RF & WIRELESSAND/OR HIGH-RELIABILITY & MILITARY PRODUCT VERSIONS

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INKS

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HEAD

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INDU

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SIN

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RELA

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SWIT

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BEADS, CHOKES,CAPACITORS, EMI FILTERS

& TRANSFORMERS

BOARD TO BOARD INTERCONNECT

APPLICATION SPECIFIC/WIDE USAGE

CABLE ASSEMBLIESFILTERS, POWER ENTRY MODULES

FANS & BLOWERS RELAYS & CIRCUITBREAKERS

CONNECTORS

SWITCHES &SENSORS

AC/DC POWER SUPPLY

WIRE TO BOARD CONNECTORS

CLOCKDRIVERS

TIMINGOSCILLATORS/

CRYSTALS


sYsTEm blocks: IP&E suPPorT

SENSOR OP-AMP GAIN AMP

TIMINGDEVICES

ADC

DAC

TIMINGDEVICES

uP/FPGA/ASIC

TIMINGDEVICES

FILTER FILTER

FILTEROPTIONAL BIAS

analog signal chain

Filters sensors timing devices

CapacitorsInductorsResistors

FlowPositionPressureProximity

Temperature

Clock DriversCrystals

OscillatorsResonators

battery/Power management

PWMCONTROLLER

MOSFETDRIVER

OPTO ISOLATION

AC LINE

VDC1+ VDC2+

PLUG

VDC3+

VREF ANDSECONDARY

PWM

AC/DCMODULE

DC/DCMODULE

PFC

circuit Protection

discrete Power

Circuit BreakersFusesMOVs

ThyristorsVaristors

BeadsCapacitors

ChokesInductors

RelaysResistors

Transformers

Filters Power modules

Power Entry Modules

AC/DCDC/DC


sYsTEm blocks: IP&E suPPorT

Wired and rf connectivity

Processing/user Interface

TIMINGDEVICES

MAGNETICS

I/O DEVICES

MEMORY CONNECTORS

ETH PHY

THERMALMANAGEMENT

SOCKETS

CIRCUITPROTECTION

PROCESSORSYSTEM IO CONNECTORS

USB PORT HDMI DISPLAY PORT FIREWIRE

KEYPAD

PUSH BUTTON

MICRO SD CARD

SMART CARD

SIM CARD

SERIAL PLUG RJ-11 RJ-45

magnetics/ Filters

system io connectors io devices data io

connectorsmemory

connectors

ChokesFerrite Beads

Integrated Modular Jacks

RF/IF FiltersTransformers

BackplanesBoard to Board InterconnectsCard EdgesMezzaninesPCB Headers

KeypadsPotentiometersSerial/RJ-11/

RJ-45Switches and

Sensors

DialsDisplayPortsDVI/HDMI/

FireWire/USB

microSD CardsSD CardsSIM Cards

SMART Cards

timing devices

circuit Protection sockets thermal

management

Clock DriversCrystals

OscillatorsResonators

ESD DiodesFuses

ThyristorsVaristors

Memory Sockets

Processor Sockets

FansHeatsinks

off the board

SYSTEM PCB OR CHASSIS

CONNECTORS

POWER SUPPLIES

IDENTIFICATION

THERMAL MANAGEMENT

RELAYS

ANTENNA

CABLE ASSEMBLIES

FILTERS

cable assemblies

cable/wire identiFication

circuit Protection connectors Filters

Board to BoardUser InterfaceWire to Board

Labels Circuit Breakers Board to BoardWire to Board

EMI/EFIPower Entry

ModulesRF/IF

antennas Power suPPlies relays thermal

management

ChipPuck

Stand-AloneSurface-Mount

TabWhip

AC/DCDC/DCUPS

Electro-mechanicalSolid-State

AC FansDC FansFan Trays

LNAVGA

RF ANTENNA

CONNECTOR/CABLEFILTERFILTER MODULE

PROCESSOR

RF/IF AMP

PA

DAC

ADC

TIMINGDEVICE

TIMINGDEVICES

RF/IF AMP

TIMINGDEVICE

TIMINGDEVICE

CONNECTOR/CABLE

RF ANTENNA

FILTERFILTERFILTER

MODULES

MODULES

MODULE

interconnect Passive

AntennasCoax Cable AssembliesRF Adapters

RF Connectors

CouplersPhase Trimmers

RF Chip CapacitorsRF Chip Inductors

RF Frequency ControlRF Trimmer Capacitors

Splitters/CombinersTerminations


caPacITors

TechnologyCapacitors are passive components commonly used in analog and digital

electronic systems to separate AC and DC electrical currents. The devices

store energy between two conducting plates separated by an insulator

or dialectric. When capacitors store an electrical charge up to a certain

level, they then releases them. Capacitance, or the amount of current that

is stored, is measured in farads. Capacitors permit AC signals to pass

through them with little opposition but block the passage of DC signals.

» Capacitors of various types and sizes are used in every electronic circuit. Anytime a semiconductor is used, a capacitor will also be used. The type of capacitor used is dependent upon application requirements.

» Typically, any application that requires a capacitor will also need additional passive devices such as inductors, resistors and magnetics.

» Ceramic capacitors feature ceramic dialectrics commonly referred to as COG/NPO, X7R, Z5U and are targeted at low capacitance applications.

» Tantalum capacitors are mainly used on voltage lines that feed ICs and other devices with clean DC power.

» Aluminum capacitors are often found in low-cost applications. These devices hold a large amount of energy, making them ideal for use in high-capacitance applications.

» Film capacitors are found in high-frequency applications that typically require stability and wide temperature ranges.

» On board power applications will typically require both ceramic and aluminum capacitors.

component sourcing considerations » Device type or application

» Termination style/package (surface mount, axial leaded, radial leaded, disk, screw terminal and snap-in)

» Case size (surface mount)

» Lead spacing (leaded)

» Material (ceramic, tantalum, aluminum electrolytic, film and glass)

» Voltage

» Tolerance

» Dialectric (ceramics; NPO/COG, X7R, X5R, Z5U and Y5V)

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aluminum leaded • • • • • •aluminum Polymer • • • • • •aluminum screw Terminals • • • •aluminum snap In • • • • • •aluminum surface mount • • • • • •ceramic chip • • • • • • • • • • •ceramic disk • • • • • • • •ceramic leaded • • • • • •film chip • • • • • • •film leaded • • • • • •Glass •super capacitors • • • • • •Tantalum axial • • • •Tantalum chip • • • • • •Tantalum conformal coated •Tantalum Polymer • • • •Tantalum radial • • • •Tantalum Wet • •


TechnologyOver current and over voltage protection devices provide protection

against current in excess of what the circuit and surrounding components

are designed to withstand. Common over current causes are AC power

fluctuations, wire or trace shortages, faulty wiring, and lighting and

system surges at start up. Common over voltage causes include lightning

strikes, electrostatic discharge (ESD) and external disruptions.

» Most boards require some type of circuit protection.

» Applications that require ESD protection always need some type of circuit protection.

» Target applications include telecom and networking.

» Circuit breakers are categorized in two groups: agnetically actuated and thermally actuated devices.

component sourcing considerations ovEr currEnT cIrcuIT ProTEcTIon

» Type (standard or resettable)

» Operating current

» Voltage rating

» Ambient temperature

» Accessories (fuse holders, clips, etc.)

» Tolerance

ovEr volTaGE cIrcuIT ProTEcTIon

» Type

» AC/DC operating voltage

» Peak current

» Temperate range

cIrcuIT ProTEcTIon

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Esd Protection devices • • • • • •Gas discharge Tubes • • •Thyristors • • • Tvs diodes • • • •varistors • • • • •

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circuit breakers • • • line Potection modules • • •resettable fuses • • • • • • •one-Time use • • • • • •Telecom fuses • • • • •


fIlTErs

TechnologyFilter products are used to regulate or suppress line voltage imperfections

from other devices within a system.

Electromagnetic interference (EMI) is often used interchangeably with

radio frequency interference (RFI). Technically, EMI refers to the type of

energy (electromagnetic), while RFI refers to the frequency range of

the unwanted noise. Both EMI and RFI filters eliminate disturbances to

ensure effective circuit performance.

RF/IF and microwave filters are devices that pass or reject signals by

frequency. The filter design determines the amount of insertion loss and

phase shift for signals that pass through the filter. There are several basic

types of RF and microwave filters.

» Often used with power supplies, power entry modules, power cords, electromechanical devices and fans.

» Typically used in applications that require EMI/RFI protection.

» Target applications include networking and medical equipment.

» Important approvals for EMI and RFI filters include CSA mark, UL listing mark, UL recognized component mark, VDE component mark and Mil Spec.

component sourcing considerations » Type

» Application and agency approval requirements

» Rated input/output voltage

» Amount of filtering (in amps)

» Leakage

» Package

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chokes • • • • •EmI filters • • • • • • • • • • • ferrite beads • • • • • •ferrite cores • • • • •Power Entry modules • •

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balun Transformers • • • • •If band Pass filters • • • •rf band Pass filters • • • • • • •rf duplexers • • • • • •rf low Pass filters • • • • • • •saW resonators • • • •


hIGh-rElIabIlITY and mIlITarY

TechnologyMilitary and aerospace products are built to specifications based on

product drawings and testing criteria established by the United States

Government. High-reliability components are either COTS (Commercial

off the Shelf) products, which are equivalent to Mil-Spec parts but

without the testing certifications, or simply ruggedized components

specifically engineered to survive in industrial applications/environments.

Avnet has a full team of dedicated Hi-Rel/Mil-Aero/industrial product and

inventory experts, a comprehensive bill of material and drawing database

and the industry’s largest value-add ISO-9002, MIL-I-45208, UL and CSA

certified assembly operation. Avnet also offers a comprehensive portfolio

of space and RadHard products.

component sourcing considerations » Avnet can meet Mil-Spec and commodity-specific sourcing requirements.

» In many cases, environmental or industry-specific guidelines or product certification is required.

» These products can be called out by MIL and/or commercial part numbers.

» Many products can be sourced with accessories such as end bells, back shells and covers.

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arinc 404/600 • • • •d-sub & Io • • • • •hi-rel circular • • • • • •mIl-c-21097 •mIl-c-22292 • •mIl-c-26482 • • • • •mIl-c-26500 • • •mIl-c-28840 • •mIl-c-39012 • • • • • •mIl-c-39029 • • • • • mIl-c-5015 • • • •mIl-c-55074 •mIl-c-55302 • • •mIl-c-81511 • •mIl-c-81659 • • •mIl-c-83723 • • • • •mIl-c-85049 • • •mIl-dTl-24308 • • •mIl-dTl-38999 • • • • •mIl-dTl-83733 • •mIl-Prf-83513 • • •mIl-T-81714 •Power/Industrial • • • • • • • •Tubing/molded shapes • •


hIGh-rElIabIlITY and mIlITarY

differentiated Product options commercial GradeAvnet has strategic global relationships with best-in-class component

manufacturers, which allow us to support entire bills of materials from

resistors to FPGAs. Our online parametric search tool provide easy access

to complete portfolios of semiconductor, interconnect, passive and

electromechanical products. Users can build part numbers from descriptions

and technical attributes and perform side-by-side comparisons of similar

components.

mil-specAvnet offers the broadest selection of mil-spec products and custom value-

add services available today. These products and services, such as military

connector assembly, can be accessed via our Web site, which is powered

by the industry’s largest online component database. Behind the scenes,

this database is maintained and grown by defense-aerospace product and

inventory experts. This expertise is also evident in the “build your own bill

of materials” functionality embedded in our Web site. Avnet also offers

a comprehensive portfolio of space and RadHard products enhanced by

exclusive space inventory programs with top component manufacturers.

Special programs include data pack management. Avnet can also provide

advice and technical insight into ruggedized products as well as test data to

support specific customer requirements.

coTsAvnet is one of the largest distributors of COTS components and embedded

products. The key to successfully supporting COTS requirements is a

proper ecosystem — from product and program management to strategic

relationships with manufacturers to the ability to support new product

introductions and provide end-to-end supply chain management. eLeCTROMeChAnICAL PROduCT/TyPe ebm

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circuit breakers • • •fans & blowers • •Industrial/coTs relays • • •mIl-Prf-28750 •mIl-Prf-28776 • •mIl-Prf-39016 • • •mIl-Prf-6106 • •mIl-Prf-83536 • •mIl-Prf-83726 • •mIl-r-5757 •

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ceramics: mIl-Prf-11015 • •ceramics: mIl-Prf-123 • •ceramics: mIl-Prf-20 • •ceramics: mIl-Prf-39014 • •ceramics: mIl-Prf-55681 • • •Inductors: mIl-Prf-15305, 39010, 83446 •magnetics: mIl-Prf-21038/27 •metal film resistors: mIl-r-122, 10509, 39017, 55182, 55342 & 22684 •

network Trimmers: mIl-r-22097, 27208, 39015 & 39035 •

network Trimmers: mIl-r-83401 •Tantalums: dscc10004 •Tantalums: mIl-Prf-26655 •Tantalums: mIl-Prf-39003 • •Tantalums: mIl-Prf-39006 • •Tantalums: mIl-Prf-3965 •Tantalums: mIl-Prf-49137 • •Tantalums: mIl-Prf-55365 • • •Tantalums: mIl-Prf-93026 • •Wire Wound resistors: mIl-r-26, 93, 18546, 39005/7/9 •


InducTors

TechnologyAn inductor is a coil of wire wrapped around a core of air, iron, or ferrite

(a compound made of iron particles mixed in a non-conducting epoxy

cement material). Inductors are not commonly found in digital systems,

but they may be used in volume in certain types of analog systems,

including RF and network interface applications.

Inductors function as filtering or choke components and are mainly used

in tuned circuits to block high-frequency AC signals. They pass DC easily,

but block AC signals. This action is the opposite of what a capacitor does.

Inductors are used to suppress or limit the flow of alternating current

without affecting the flow of direct current.

» Inductors of various types and sizes are often used in electronic circuits.

» Typically, any application that requires an inductor will also require additional passive devices such as capacitors, resistors and magnetics.

» Inductors have broad application potential. Target markets include automotive, cellular, computer, consumer, industrial, power and telecommunications.

component sourcing considerations » Package

» Inductance range

» Q factor

» Current

» DC Resistance

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chip Inductors • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •leaded Inductors • • • • • • • •Power Inductors • • • • •rf Inductors • • • • • • • • • • •


commErcIal InTErconnEcTs

TechnologyConnectors are used to connect two or more electrical circuits and typically

feature a plastic or metal housing and metal contacts/terminals, with the

exception of fiber optics, which use fiber to transmit signals. For general

reference, interconnect products can be divided into six levels of packaging.

» Many interconnect products conform to industry standards developed by committees comprised of, among others, representatives from a number of Avnet’s connector suppliers. Avnet routinely aggregates information on products that are specifically designed to meet these standards.

» Look for the connectivity points based on the level of packaging (i.e., socketing a high value IC, connecting two boards, etc.).

» In most systems, the main PCB (motherboard, backplane, etc.) will need to connect to smaller boards, system IO, etc.

» Avnet also stocks and distributes custom and off-the-shelf cable assemblies from most of the connector suppliers listed on our line card.

six levels of Interconnect Packaging » Primary connection (IC chip to package)

» Components to circuits (device to board)

» Circuit to circuit (board to board)

» Sub-assembly to sub-assembly (wire to board)

» Sub-assembly to IO (panel mount)

» System to system (box to box, cable assemblies)

component sourcing considerations » Type (backplane, card edge, IO, PCB, power, etc.)

» Configuration (board to board, wire to board (cable to board), wire to wire (cable to cable), panel mount (IO) and box to box (cable assemblies))

» Contact count and spacing

» Gender

» Contact plating

» Termination style (crimp, IDC, through hole, surface mount, wire wrap and press fit)

» Design options (keying, shielding and accessories)

» Industry standards (IEEE1394, USB 2.0)

» Control input and output requirements

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backplane • • • • • • • • • cable • • • • • • • card Edge • • • • • • • • circular • • • • • • d-sub • • • • • • • • Electrical Products • • • • • •

fiber optic • • • • • • • Io • • • • • • • • • • • •Pcb • • • • • • • • • • •Power • • • • • • • • rack & Panel • • • • • • rectangular Power • • • • •

sockets • • • • • • •Terminal blocks • • • • • •


maGnETIcs

TechnologyMagnetic-based components are an integral part of electronic circuitry in

LAN, telecom and power applications. In LAN and telecom applications,

magnetic products are used to isolate circuits, match impedances (step up

or down signal levels), suppress unwanted signals, filter noise emissions

and convert voltage. In power applications, magnetics such as inductors,

common mode chokes and transformers are used to convert power.

» Ideal for applications that transmit voice, data and/or video.

» Some applications that use RJ-11 and RJ-45 connectors may also benefit from integrating magnetics products.

» There is a one-to-one correlation between communication ICs and magnetic transformers; the LAN or telecom transformer must be matched to an IC.

» Designs requiring fast clock rates and multi-line IO interfaces will often need magnetics.

component sourcing considerations » Type (LAN modules, telecom modules, common mode chokes, filtered RJ jacks, broadband modules and power modules)

» Application (T1/E1, 10Base-T, 100Base-T, 1GBase-T, 10GBase-T)

» Matching IC

» Ports supported (single, dual, quad and octal)

» Packaging

» DC resistance, isolation voltage (chokes)

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broadband modules • • • chokes • • • • • • • Integrated rJ Jacks • • • • • lan modules • • • • • Power magnetics • • • • • •Telecom modules • • • • •Transformers • • • • • • • • • • •


PoWEr suPPlIEs

TechnologyPower supplies convert an available power source into voltage and current

characteristics that are acceptable for distribution or consumption by a

load. For example, they can convert current from one form to another (i.e.,

AC to DC) and can also change voltage level values (i.e., 5 to 3.3 V).

» A large variety of form factors, features and operating specifications are available to address the unique power requirements of differing applications.

» Complete power solutions often require several conversion stages including AC-DC and DC-DC. The architecture used can significantly influence the performance characteristics of the solution.

» Power solutions are available as modular solutions or as discrete component designs. Choosing the best solution for a given application involves a make versus buy analysis.

» Multi-source agreements exist for some DC-DC power supply modules. The most popular being the Distributed-power Open Standards Alliance (DOSA) and the Point-Of-Load Alliance (POLA).

» Most electronic components, from analog to programmable logic to everything in between, require power supplies.

component sourcing considerations » Input voltage, output voltage and output current (Power = V x I)

» Power architecture and budget (be sure to share this information with your Avnet support team early on in the design process)

» Feature requirements (tracking, load sharing, sequencing, IO interface, remote ON/OFF, remote sensing, I2C, etc.)

» Options (PFC, remote sensing, inhibit, enable, voltage adjustability, current share, hot swap and redundant (N+1))

» Thermal Environment (Operating temperature, start-up temperature, airflow and heat sinking)

» Efficiency (Energy Star, 80 PLUS, etc.)

» Agency approvals (UL, CSA, TUV, CE and IEC)

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board mount • • • •compact PcI • • dIn rail • • •Externals (ac adapters) • • •front Ends & rectifiers • • • •linear • • •modular-configurable Power • • •open, u-channel, Enclosed • • • • • •Power factor correction (Pfc) modules • • •specialty - medical rated • • • • • •specialty - PoE • • • specialty - lEd lighting • • •specialty - military •

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solar-rigid crystalline Panels/modules •

solar-custom Panels/modules •

vibration-Piezoelectric Energy harvesters •

vibration+solar-Energy harvesters •

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Isolated bricks • • • • •Isolated Industrial • • • • • •Point-of-load (Pol), non-Isolated • • • • • • specialty - aTca • • specialty - PoE •specialty - vrm • • specialty - rf • • • • •specialty - lEd • • •specialty - military • dosa multi-source member • • •Pola multi-source member •

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custom battery Pack design •

standard batteries (aa,c,d,sla, etc.) •


rElaYs

TechnologyRelays are electrically controlled devices that use a control signal to open

or close electrical contacts. These devices serve the same basic function

as a switch, except they are powered either electrically (solid-state relay)

or mechanically (electromechanical relay). Solid-state relay growth

continues to outpace the overall relay market. This is occurring because

today’s circuit designs require high-reliability, IO isolation, high-speed

switching, logic IC compatibility and noise filtering, all of which can not

be sustained by electromechanical relays. Electromechanical relays,

however, still lead in applications that must switch between AC and DC

and that need very high-voltage and/or high-current ratings with low, off-

state leakage, all at the lowest cost.

» Ideal for applications with power switching and signal isolation requirements.

» It’s important to remember that relay types are often application-specific (i.e., high-frequency, low-power signal, military, power, general purpose, etc.).

component sourcing considerations » Type

» Contact switch rating

» Coil voltage

» Contact configuration (how many poles and throws?)

» Mounting style

» Dimensions

» Military specification (where applicable)

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circuit breakers • •coTs Industrial • • •General Purpose • • • •Io modules • • •military • • •Power • • •reed •rf • • •signal • •solid-state • • • •

*TE Connectivity relay brands: Agastat, Axicom, CII, Kilovac, OEG, P&B and Schrack.


rEsIsTors

TechnologyResistance is opposition to electrical flow and is specified in units called

ohms. Resistors, which are one of the most commonly used passive

components, contain a specific amount of electrical resistance. All

resistors are made by using materials that have known characteristics

of resistivity. The materials are processed and shaped into packages with

metal leads or pads connected to the ends of the material. Some form of

marking identifies the resistance and tolerance of the resistor and is then

printed on the package.

» Resistors of various types and sizes are used in every electronic circuit so every application will need these devices.

» It’s important to determine application-specific requirements. Anytime a semiconductor is used, a resistor will also be used so information is needed to narrow product selection.

» Typically, any application that requires a resistor will also require additional passive devices such as capacitors, resistors and magnetics.

component sourcing considerations » Termination style (surface mount or leaded)

» Case size/package

» Material (carbon film, carbon composition, cermet, metal film, wirewound, etc.)

» Wattage (1/4, 1/2, 3/4, 1, 2, etc.)

» Resistance (ohms)

» Tolerance

» Type (concave, convex - chip arrays)

» Circuit type (bussed, isolated - chip arrays and networks)

» Number of terminals/pins (chip arrays and networks)

» Number of turns (trim pots)

» Sealed or unsealed (trim pots)

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carbon film • • •chip resistor arrays • • • • • • •current sense resistors • • •film resistors leaded • • • •mElf resistors •Thick film chip resistors • • • • • •Thick film networks leaded • • • •Thick film networks smd • • • • •Thin film chip resistors • • • • •Trimmer Pots leaded • • • • • • • •Trimmer Pots smd • • • • • • •Wirewound leaded • •Wirewound surface mount • •


rf and WIrElEss

TechnologyAvnet’s RF and wireless solutions combine complementary technologies to

create leading-edge standard and custom products for the RF, microwave

and millimeter wave markets. Avnet’s solutions range from under 1 MHz to

over 18 GHz, and from 1 mW to over 80 W. Discrete diodes, transistors,

FETs, RF ICs, MMICs, ASICs, modules, RF interconnect and passive

products and other highly integrated designs comprise our RF and

wireless solutions.

component sourcing considerations » Product and commodity specifics

» Application type

» Power output requirement

» System voltage and current requirements

» Special issues

» Technology preferences (bipolar, MOSFET, LDMOS, GaAs, etc.)

» Device packaging (surface mount, through hole, ceramic, plastic, etc.)

» Temperature rating

» Special testing or selection

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couplers • •Phase Trimmers •rf chip capacitors • • • • • • • •rf chip Inductors • • • • • • • •rf frequency control • • • •rf Trimmer capacitors • • •splitters/combiners • • •Terminations • •

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antennas • • • • •

coax cable assemblies • • • • • • • • •

rf adapters • • • •

rf connectors • • • • • • • • •

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audio Indicators and alerts • • • • flow sensors • magnetoresistive sensors • microphones • • • Pressure sensors • • Proximity sensors • • speakers • Temperature sensors • • •Thermistors • • • • • • •

Note: These are IP&E sensor products. There are additional types and numerous semiconductor options for sensor products. A complete listing can be found on AvnetExpress.com under Sensors & Transducers.


sWITchEs and sEnsors

TechnologySwitches are devices that make, break or change the connections in an

electric device. There are literally thousands of different switch configurations.

The majority of products being sold are electromechanical devices.

These devices mechanically bring together or separate the surfaces of two

or more metal contacts to make or break circuits. This technology is

an extremely cost-effective and simple means of performing switching

functions. Generally, the switch actuator differentiates the product type.

» Ideal for any application that needs to be turned on or off.

» Switches can be board or panel/box-mounted depending on the application.

» Generally, board mount switches, especially DIP and tactile, are high volume items with low ASPs.

» Panel mount switches, especially in industrial applications, have higher resales.

component sourcing considerations » Type (dip, push-button, rocker, rotary, slide, snap-action, tactile, thumb-wheel, toggle, trigger, keylock, Hall effect, keypads, keyswitch, keyboard, etc.)

» Contact switch rating (in amps)

» Coil voltage

» Contact configuration (SPST, SPDT, DPST, DPDT, 3PST, 4PST, etc.)

» Packaging (size and mounting style)

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dip • • • • • • • •keypad & keyswitch • • •keylock • • • •rocker • • • •rotary • • • • • • •slide • • • • •snap-action • •Tactile/Push-button • • • • • • • • • •Thumb-wheel • • •Toggle • • • •


ThErmal manaGEmEnT

TechnologyThermal management solutions include products and services that

solve problems associated with the dissipation of unwanted heat in

electronic and electrical components and systems. Forced convection

cooling and heat transfer are two of the more popular methods of thermal

management. Avnet offers several products that use these methods for

heat dissipation:

» Fans (convection cooling) move and displace air and are categorized by the amount of air they can produce.

» Blowers (convection cooling) move and displace air in a controlled stream focusing air movement to a defined area of the system.

» Heat sinks (heat transfer) provide heat transfer through heat-conducting interface materials and molded, stamped or extruded metal sinks that pull heat away from its sources and into the ambient air. Heat sinks can be passive or active (includes a fan).

» Just about any application that calls for a monster chip (i.e., microprocessor, microcontroller, FPGA, DSP, etc.) will require thermal management products.

» In addition, many larger watt power supplies will also require some type of device to dissipate heat.

» There are a wide range of applications that require a fan or fan tray (i.e., servers, routers, telecom equipment). These are all good candidates for a factory-assembled fan tray or a custom fan tray sold and assembled by Avnet.

component sourcing considerationsfans

» Type (AC, DC, fan or blower)

» Square size (inches or mm)

» Width size (inches or mm)

» Supply voltage

» CFM required

hEaT sInks

» Natural or forced air

» Flow velocity

» Available sink volume

» Maximum allowable case temperature

» Device area in contact with sink

» Number of devices to be cooled

» Power to be dissipated per device

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ac fans • •active/Passive heat sinks • • • •blowers • •dc fans • • •fan Trays • •fanless coolerGuards/hardware •microscale Thermal managementmIl/Industrial fans •

Note: These are IP&E Timing Solutions. There are additional types and numerous semiconductor options for timing devices. A complete listing can be found on AvnetExpress.com under Logic & Timing.


TImInG soluTIons

TechnologyCrystals are naturally occurring pieces of quartz that vibrate (oscillate)

at a specific frequency when voltage is applied. This vibration is used to

regulate the timing or system speed (clock rate) of a circuit. Oscillators are

a combination of a quartz crystal and other electronic components enclosed

in a single package. Oscillators provide greater stability and tighter

tolerance than crystals, without additional electronics. Oscillators are

frequently used in devices that require greater reliability or in high-end

applications. Typically constructed from ceramic materials, resonators are

a low-cost alternative to crystals and are used in applications that do not

require tight control of tolerance and stability.

» It is important to determine if the timing device will be used to control a microprocessor or a microcontroller.

» Be sure to tie crystals and oscillators to chipsets.

» Remember that fast clock devices may require magnetics for signal filtering.

» Target applications include LAN and data communications as well as

RF and wireless applications, to name a few.

component sourcing considerations » Oscillators (frequency, stability (PPM), CMOS or TTL, package size, voltage, filtering)

» Crystals (frequency, load, capacitance, package size, tolerance, temperature range)

» Resonators (frequency, tolerance, package)

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crystals • • • • •oscillators • • • • • •resonators • • • •


IP&E PhYsIcal valuE-add sErvIcEs

commercial InterconnectCommercial interconnect value-add products are built and inventoried based on manufacturer listed part numbers and part specifications. Avnet has invested in robotic automation for part identification, adhesive application, contact insertion and insulator insertion, which is deployed to minimize human error, increase productivity and maintain cost efficiencies. As a result, Avnet maintains an industry-leading low defect rate.

custom cable assemblyAvnet has a dedicated production cell that provides first article cable assemblies of varying sophistication levels based on customer specifications. Once the first article is approved, Avnet documents and electronically stores the manufacturing process, which includes detailed step-by-step assembly instructions that can be recalled for future use.

high-reliability/military InterconnectThe Avnet LSC is MIL-I-45208 certified to assemble close to 60 different military specification products in accordance with the Qualified Parts List (QPL) and is fully authorized to stock and assemble products to manufacturer drawings and specifications. Avnet currently offers 24-hour delivery on over 250 of the most popular high-reliability and military-aerospace products. In addition, Avnet has achieved delivery cycle times of less than three days on normal-sized orders for many other high-reliability and military-aerospace connectors.

All of Avnet’s core value-add services are performed in the Avnet Logistics Solution Center (LSC) in Nogales, Mexico. The LSC is sustained by a diverse group of employees with varied skill sets and work experiences cultivated through employment at Avnet and other globally-recognized companies.

abouT ThE avnET loGIsTIcs soluTIon cEnTEr cErTIfIcaTIon and comPlIancE crEdEnTIals

» Located in Nogales, Mexico

» 125,000 square foot assembly center

» Staffed by more than 300 employees

» ISO-9001-2000

» ISO-14001 (Green)

» AS9100C

» MIL-I-45208

» International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR)

» C-TPAT

» IPC J-STD-001 and IPC/WHMA-A-620

» UL and CSA

» British Standards Institute (BSI)

» ISO-13485

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mIl-c-26482 • • • • •mIl-c-24308 • •mIl-c-38999 • • • • •mIl-c-5015 • • • •mIl-c-81659 • •mIl-c-83723 • • • • •mIl-c-83733 •mIl-c-83513 • •mIl-c-26500 • •mIl-c-39029 • • • •d-sub/ Io • • • • •hi-rel circular • • • • •Power/Industrial • • • • •

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contacts • •cylindrical • • • • •d-sub • • • • • •headers • • • • •

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discrete & multi- conductor • • • • • •flat flex/flex • • •flat ribbon Idc • • • • •Idc Termination – .100/.156 • • •Idc Termination – high-density • • • • •rf coax • • • •Ties, labels & accessories • • •


Thermal managementMany sophisticated silicon components cannot function properly without effective heat dissipation. Avnet offers custom assembly and modification for cooling fans and heat sinks. In fact, Avnet is one of the world’s largest distributors of thermal management products, shipping millions of cooling fans, blowers and heat sinks each year through the Logistics Solution Center.

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connectorized cables • •fan Trays • •hardware Guards • •sheet metal & Enclosures • •

Physical value-add service overview

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cable assembly • • • • • •commercial Interconnect • • • • • • •hi-rel & mil-aero Interconnect • • • • • • • •Power supply modification • • • • • • • •Thermal management • •

Power supply solutionsWorking with a dedicated team of product and material specialists, Avnet’s business development managers, field application engineers (FAEs) and regional power specialists help customers source power supplies quickly and efficiently. Avnet is a certified value-add reseller (VAR) for Emerson Network Power, TDK-Lambda, Power-One and modular power supplies. Using off-the-shelf modules, Avnet can quickly assemble modular power supplies to meet custom output specifications from 200 to 4,920 watts.

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add Electro • • • • • • • •add sheet metal Enclosures • • • • • • • •burn-in load Testing • • • • • • • •cable/harness assembly • • • • • • • •high-current Interconnect • • • • • • • •high level assembly • • • • • • • •modular Power supplies • • • • • • •racks • • • • • • • •Thermal management • • • • • • • •

design chain services®

Avnet Design Chain Services offer engineers a host of services at any point in the design cycle – from concept to architectural design, to new product introduction and on through next-generation modification or end-of-life. With offerings that run the gamut from Web seminars to connector assembly, Avnet offers it all.

component selection

» Online part search engine

» Parametric search tool

» Product obsolescence solutions

Physical value-add services

» custom cable assembly: Flat flex, flat ribbon cable connector and harness assemblies

» commercial and high-reliability/military Interconnect assembly: MIL-I-45208 certified to assemble 57 different Mil-Spec QPLs (Military Qualified Parts Lists); fully authorized to stock and assemble commercial products to manufacturer drawings and specifications

» Power supply solutions: Front end power supply design and sourcing, certified value-add reseller (VAR) for Modular Power Supplies and value added solutions

» Thermal management: Custom assembly or modification for cooling fans and heat sinks including fan trays

avnet ElectroairAn extensive range of logistic and assembly services for the avionics market:

» Integrated Supplier Alliance (ISA) for consumable RFPs

» Source inspection

» Special product testing and certification

supply chain services®

By combining internal competencies of global warehousing and logistics, finance, information technology and asset management with objective industry data, Avnet provides customers with the information and market insight needed to make well-informed business decisions.

component Intelligence/Prómiere

» Bill of material (BOM) analysis

» Inventory optimization services

» Green initiative programs

supply chain assessment

» Discovery and logistical analysis

» Financial analysis

» Project implementation

Inventory management solutions

» Bonded inventory programs

» EDI Point of Use Replenishment Systems (POURS)

» Vendor-managed inventory

» In-plant stores

» New product introduction (NPI) program support

» Pipeline inventory from forecasts

» Inventory ownership programs

1-800-332-8638www.em.avnet.com

Avnet IP&E Solutions IP&E Information at Your Fingertips @ www.em.avnet.com/ipezone

Copyright© 2013, Avnet, Inc. All rights reserved. Avnet, Inc. disclaims any proprietary interest or right in any trademarks, service marks, logos, domain names, company names, brands, product names, or other form of intellectual property other than its own. AVNET and the AV logo are registered trademarks of Avnet, Inc. Lit #: AvnetEM-IP&ETechGuide-v.6.0

IP&E sErvIcEs and suPPorT