Badrinath Ramamurthy Cloud Infrastructure

© 2009 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.The information contained herein is subject to change without notice. The material in this presentation represents the views of the author and do not necessarily represent those of HP.

Infrastructure in the CloudR BadrinathSTSD, HP, Bangalore

2 Jan 9, 2009 R. Badrinath, Cloud Computing Symposium, ACM Compute 2009, Bangalore

Agenda• What is infrastructure in the cloud continuum ?• Challenges• Technologies• Some Problems

3 Jan 9, 2009 R. Badrinath, Cloud Computing Symposium, ACM Compute 2009, Bangalore3

Cloud - Third Generation of the Internetreach

1970 1980 20001990 2010time

2005 2020

TheInternet

TheWeb

TheCloud

connectivity

information &e-commerce

virtualized services


So, What is Cloud Computing?Suitably vague and varied.. Don’t expect to converge! Some attempts:

The 451 Group: “The cloud is IT as a Service, delivered by IT resources that are independent of location”

Gartner: “Cloud computing is a style of computing where massively scalable IT-related capabilities are provided ‘as a service’ across the Internet to multiple external customers”

Forrester: “A pool of abstracted, highly scalable, and managed infrastructure capable of hosting end-customer applications and billed by consumption”

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The challenge is to do this …• At massive scale

•Millions of users

• With unprecedented flexibility•Mash-ups, aggregation, enhancing services, flexing up

and down, ...•Offering evolving APIs to exploit and extend

• At breakthrough cost levels•Economies of scale, sharing resources and IT expertise •Extreme automation

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Cloud Service Layers

Cloud Infrastructure ServicesExample: Amazon EC2, S3

Cloud Platform ServicesExample: Google App Engine

Cloud Application ServicesExample: SalesForce.com CRM

Physical Infrastructure(not a cloud service)

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Flexible Consumption

…

New Delivery/ Services


Cloud as the Grid/Utility computing extention

HPC Cluster

Grid

Enterprise Grid

Cloud

Eg. ROCKS

Eg. Globus

Eg. GRIA

Virtualization, Automation, …


Technologies for the cloud infrastructure• Virtualization

•Compute•Storage / filesystem•Networking

• Provisioning Automation and Scheduling• SLA Management – storage and network

latencies/bandwidths• Billing and Charging• Data-Center power/cooling/space


Cells as a Service: An infrastructure-level cloud service• An HPL Cloud research

Project• Delivering secure,

isolated virtual infrastructures – Cells –to multiple customers

• Offering enterprise-grade properties

• Running on large-scale physical infrastructures

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The Cell Service

portalportal management

endpoint

management

endpoint

vnetvnet

vbdvbd

VMVM

vbdvbdvbdvbdvbdvbd

vnetvnet

VMVM

VMVM

internetinternet

infrastructurespecificationand model

management

endpoint

management

endpoint

vbdvbd

vbdvbd

vnetvnet

VMVM

VMVM

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Virtual Networking• Arbitrary connectivity

can be established between virtual machines• Subnets within Cells• Connections between Cells• Connections to external

networks• Network rules determine

which paths are allowed• Both ends must agree

• Network resource (rate) control

• Foundation for Cell isolation

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Network Rules

vnetvnet

vnet

vnet

vnet vnet


Virtual Storage• Cell Management Core

presents storage volumes to VMs

• Tricks behind the scenes:• Copy-on-write layers• Caching on local disk for

volatile or read-only volumes

• Back-ended by a variety of storage technologies

• Storage arrays• Distributed storage

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Physical Machine

Virtual Machines

Host OS & VMM,Cell Management Core


Cells: Not Just the Data Centre

mobile devices

secure boundaries forming

distributed service “cells”

Service ProvidersHome

Enterprises

Network

isolation & communication

policies

Data Centres

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Other Infrastructure Virtualization Examples

• VNET, ViNe.• Amazon – EC2, S3, SBD• Eucalyptus, Nimbus• Caroline


SLAs in the cloud

Cloud Infrastructure Services

Cloud Platform Services

Cloud Application Services

Physical Infrastructure(not a cloud service)

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Availability

Performance...

Non-Functional

Functional

Requirements

SLAs translate downward connecting

Business to IT

Virtualize

Automate

Data Center

Mgmt

Schedule

Place

Business

Value


Some SLA terms examples• At service usage level (negotiation/agreement terms)

•beginTime, endTime, price, security• At Service Hosting Platform level

•beginTime, endTime, price, security•availability, scalability, flexibility •Hosting performance – TPS, …,

• At infrastructure usage level•beginTime(now?), endTime, price, security•cpuSpeed, cpuCount, …•networkBW, storageBW, latencies, …


SLA – in the real world• Where SLAs exist, current services are exposed

from fixed platforms• Application model is a real requirement (especially

HPC applications as services)• Translating higher level SLAs to low level SLAs is

non-trivial• Will probably result in limited SLAs from the lower

level or more flexibility in the SLAs at the higher level


Conclusion• We’ve come some way, yet more to do on

Virtualization.• Need to relate SLAs – big challenge.• Need to rewrite apps

• Great time to be involved in the field

Jan 9, 2009 R. Badrinath, Cloud Computing Symposium, ACM Compute 2009, Bangalore

Thank You.

Questions?

Technology

Badrinath Ramamurthy Cloud Infrastructure