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Presentation given at the 2009 Nebraska Digital Summit
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“Cloud computing can help lower the cost of government operations while driving innovation.”
US CTO Vivek Kundra
Cloud Computing: A State’s Perspective
What kind of cloud?
Four Different Types of Clouds
• Private Cloud
• Community Cloud
• Public Cloud
• Hybrid Cloud
Private Cloud
Utah’s private cloud is an internal service-oriented environment optimized for performance and cost that is deployed inside the state’s datacenters.
Cloud Computing: A State’s Perspective
The Private CloudPlanning the Infrastructure
Building the Cloud
• Virtualization and automation• Interchangeable resources: servers, storage,
and network• Management of these resources as a single
fabric• Elastic capacity: ability to scale (up or down) to
respond to business requirements• Focused on service to the business
Cloud Computing: A State’s Perspective
Progress
• Identified two primary datacenters• 2005 – began virtualization testing, 45 servers
virtualized to 3• 2005 – Consolidation of all executive branch IT
resources into one department• 2006 - began pulling 38 datacenters into the two
primary datacenters• 2007 – Architecture Review Board created• 2008 – Cloud strategy developed• 2009 – CIO announced creation of Utah’s private
cloud
Cloud Computing: A State’s Perspective
Vision
• The State will develop a Cloud environment that leverages internally-hosted services with specialized access and security requirements with public services that add to or replaced existing state infrastructure services. When the State of Utah Cloud services vision is realized, users will be able to:
Cloud Computing: A State’s Perspective
Vision
1. Use on-demand self-service and provision-computing capabilities such as hosting and network storage, as needed, without requiring human interaction with each service’s provider
Cloud Computing: A State’s Perspective
Vision
2. Access services over the network and through standard mechanisms that promote use by hetrogeneous thin or thick client platforms
3. Use resource-pooling to serve multiple users using a multi-tenant shared model, with different physical and virtual resources dynamically assigned and reassigned according to consumer demand
Cloud Computing: A State’s Perspective
Vision
4. Use services with location-independence enabled
5. Use service resources at more abstract levels such as storage, backup services, processing, memory, network bandwidth, and virtual machines
Cloud Computing: A State’s Perspective
Vision
6. Be able to leverage capabilities that can be rapidly and elastically provisioned to scale out and rapidly released to scale in
7. Use capabilities for provisioning that often appear to be unlimited and can be purchased in any quantity at any time
Cloud Computing: A State’s Perspective
Vision
8. Report on resource-usage that is monitored, controlled, and reported, providing transparency for both the provider and user of the utilized service
9. Use appropriate implementation of security and privacy to meet State and Federal requirements
Cloud Computing: A State’s Perspective
Major Cloud Services Providers
• Amazon
• Microsoft
• IBM
• HP
Google will offer cloud-computing services designed specifically for U.S. government agencies starting next year. The services will be hosted in Google’s existing datacenters, but on systems that are compliant with government regulations.
- Infoworld
Cloud Computing: A State’s Perspective
Internal Clouds Won’t Meet All Your Needs
• Your internal cloud will be relatively small• Performance testing is best done on rented
resources• An internal cloud is not for all applications • Some applications will need “cloud bursting”• Others may work best in a hybrid cloud
deployment
Cloud Computing: A State’s Perspective
Source: Forrester Research
Green Aspects of Cloud
• Fewer servers, less waste
• Lower energy consumption
• Opportunities to leverage renewable energy sources
Cloud Computing: A State’s Perspective
A Cloud Concept
envisioned by Marketspace®
Characteristics of the Utah cloud service offering
• Located off-site in State data centers, or offered through third-party service providers
• Solution-based and solution-packaged, meaning that all supporting elements for a given cloud solution are bundled and managed by the service provider
• Accessed via the Internet, using standard TCP/IP protocols, with a Web browser as its primary user interface, while offering its main system interfaces via Web services APIs
• Require minimal IT skills to order and implement • Be available in a way that supports self-provisioning and self-service
requesting, with 24/7 availability for order placement and near real-time deployment
• Offer dynamic and fine-grained scalability
Cloud Computing: A State’s Perspective
Virtualization:
• Platform virtualization• Application
virtualization• Memory virtualization• Storage virtualization• Network virtualization• Database
virtualization• Desktop virtualization
• More efficient use of equipment
• Lower management costs
• Reduced complexity• Simplified
deployments• Standardized
structures and processes
State of Utah Hybrid Cloud
Cloud Computing: A State’s Perspective
Cloud Computing: A State’s Perspective