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diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

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slides from a joe gerstandt presentation for the Human Resource Association of Greater Detroit and the Michigan Diversity Council

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Page 1: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

@joegerstandt

Page 2: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

joegerstandt.com

twitter.com/joegerstandt

linkedin.com/in/joegerstandt

facebook.com/joegerstandt

youtube.com/joegerstandt

joegerstandt.com/blog

slideshare.net/joeg

Page 3: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)
Page 4: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)
Page 5: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

MT

engineers

Page 6: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

MT

management

MT

engineers

Page 7: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

MT

management

MT

engineers

NASA

management

Page 8: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

MT

management

MT

engineers

NASA

management

Page 9: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

MT

management

MT

engineers

NASA

management

Page 10: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

Tuesday

morning

January

28th

1986

Page 11: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

MT

management

MT

engineers

NASA

management

Page 12: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

MT

management

NASA

management

Page 13: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

consider

decision

making… 1 - 10

What

makes it

better?

Page 14: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

cognitive diversity

The extent to which the

group reflects differences

in knowledge, including

beliefs, preferences and

perspectives.

-Miller, et al (1998) Strategic Management Journal

Page 15: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

analytical

rational

realistic

factual

logical

definitive

risk taker

creative

flexible

synthesizer

conceptual

intuitive

persistent

planner

organized

disciplined

detailed

practical

passionate

cooperative

empathetic

expressive

harmonizing

responsive

-Ned Herrmann

Page 16: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

Solving technical problems

Analyzing complex issues

Logical approach

Interpersonal aspects of situations

Ice breakers

Socializing in meetings

Conceptualizing

Innovating

Seeing the big picture

Routine Meetings

Details

Structure

Expressing ideas

Understanding group dynamics

Team building

Logic ahead of feelings

No interaction with people

Implementing ideas

Developing plans

Follow-up and completion

“Blue Sky” thinking

Not following the rules

Joys

Frustrations

Joys

Frustrations

Joys

Frustrations

Joys

Frustrations

Cerebral Mode (abstract & intellectual thought)

Limbic Mode (concrete and emotional processing)

Left

Mode R

ight M

ode

ANALYZE

ORGANIZE

STRATEGIZE

PERSONALIZE

Page 17: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

analytical

rational

realistic

factual

logical

definitive

risk taker

creative

flexible

synthesizer

conceptual

intuitive

persistent

planner

organized

disciplined

detailed

practical

passionate

cooperative

empathetic

expressive

harmonizing

responsive

-Ned Herrmann

Page 18: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)
Page 19: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

sharing information

making meaning from

information

quality decision making

creative problem solving

innovation

fully utilizing talent

Page 20: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

The Social Origin of Good Ideas -Ronald Burt, University of Chicago

Teams with greater training and

experiential diversity introduce

more innovations. “Management Team Tenure and Organizational

Outcomes” Finkelstein, Hambrick (1999)

Administrative Science Quarterly

&

“Management and Innovation” Bantel, Jackson (2002)

Strategic Management Journal

Page 21: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

MBA

Harvard University

100 people

Page 22: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

MBA

Harvard University

100 people

team #1

Page 23: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

MBA

Harvard University

100 people

team #1

team #2

Page 24: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

MBA

Harvard University

100 people

team #1

team #2

friends

with

cognitive

benefits

Page 25: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)
Page 26: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)
Page 27: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

recombine

&

synthesize

Page 28: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)
Page 29: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

If everyone is thinking the same

thing, someone isn’t thinking at

all.

-General George S. Patton

Page 30: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

but…

Page 31: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

team #1

This team greatly

overrates its own

problem solving

capacity.

Page 32: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

team #2

This team greatly

underrates its

problem solving

capacity.

Page 33: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

What’s in the

(cognitive)

toolbox?

Page 34: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

What’s in the

(cognitive)

toolbox? •perspectives

•heuristics

•equifinality

Page 35: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

perspectives

Perspectives are ways of

representing situations

and problems, how we

organize knowledge.

Page 36: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)
Page 37: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)
Page 38: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)
Page 39: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

counting

money

spending

money

saving

money

helping

the others

Page 40: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

get lost get funding

get

insurance get lucky

Page 41: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

-Thomas Kuhn, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions

“…almost always, those

who achieve fundamental

inventions of a new

paradigm have been

either very young or very

new to the field whose

paradigm they change.”

Page 42: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

Do you seek out other perspectives?

peers other departments

customers other organizations other professions

Page 43: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

heuristics

Heuristics are ways of

generating solutions.

Heuristics can vary in their

sophistication, and they can be

immediate reactions to

situations or simple rules of

thumb.

Page 44: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

…if you do not

know the answer,

choose “C”

Page 45: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

please add these numbers…

Page 46: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

please add these numbers…

1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10 =

Page 47: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

please add these numbers…

1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10 =

55

Page 48: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

please add these numbers…

1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10 =

55

…but how did you do it?

Page 49: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

Draw a 9 dot matrix on a blank

paper …

Page 50: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)
Page 51: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

Draw a 9 dot matrix on a blank

paper …

Without lifting your pencil from

the paper, draw exactly four

straight, connected lines that will

go through all nine dots, but

through each dot only once.

Page 52: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)
Page 53: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)
Page 54: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)
Page 55: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)
Page 56: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

Plan a

meeting.

Page 57: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

equifinality

The belief that a given

result can be achieved

many different ways.

Page 58: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

going from point a to point b

Are there multiple

ways to get there…or

is there one “right”

way?

Page 59: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)
Page 60: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

Give

yourself a

grade…

1 - 10 What

makes it

better?

Page 61: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

so…

perspectives are how we see things

(problems and opportunities)

heuristics are how we approach or

solve them

equifinality is how open we are to

considering other perspectives and

heuristics

Page 62: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

who

how

Page 63: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)
Page 64: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

dysfunction

Page 65: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

dysfunctional disagreement

dysfunctional agreement

Page 66: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)
Page 67: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

also

dysfunction

Page 68: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

dysfunctional disagreement

dysfunctional agreement

dysfunctional agreement

Page 69: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

dysfunctional disagreement

dysfunctional agreement

dysfunctional agreement

always

disagree lack of

trust

personal

conflict

us vs.

them

Page 70: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

dysfunctional disagreement

dysfunctional agreement

dysfunctional agreement

always

disagree lack of

trust

personal

conflict

us vs.

them

always

agree lack of

honesty

meeting

after the

meeting

lacking

skills

Page 71: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

dysfunctional disagreement

dysfunctional agreement

dysfunctional agreement

sweet

spot

Page 72: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

Survey of 1,800 people asked:

• Does your boss need to change?

• Do your peers need to change?

• Do your subordinates need to change?

• Do you need to change?

80% agreed that their boss, their peers and

their subordinates need to change.

20% believe they need to change. -Sue Annis Hammond, Andrea Mayfield

Page 73: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

being inclusive

work to

have a

beginners

mind

Page 74: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

being inclusive

seek out &

protect

novelty

Page 75: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

being inclusive

listen

actively

Page 76: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

being inclusive

convey & invite

Page 77: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

being inclusive

express clearly and

completely

Page 78: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

being inclusive

third

chair

Page 79: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

being inclusive

disentangle intentions

and outcomes

Page 80: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

high

difference

low

difference

high

interaction

learning

growth

self-organization

stress

conflict

exhaustion

celebration

reinforcement

energy

low productivity

wasted energy

factions

low

interaction

reflection

safety

clearing the decks

isolation

misunderstanding

frustration

comfort

belonging

rest and recovery

boredom

stagnation

death Difference Matrix

Glenda Eoyang HSDI

Page 81: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

high

difference

low

difference

high

interaction

learning

growth

self-organization

stress

conflict

exhaustion

celebration

reinforcement

energy

low productivity

wasted energy

factions

low

interaction

reflection

safety

clearing the decks

isolation

misunderstanding

frustration

comfort

belonging

rest and recovery

boredom

stagnation

death Difference Matrix

Glenda Eoyang HSDI

Page 82: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

high

difference

low

difference

high

interaction

learning

growth

self-organization

stress

conflict

exhaustion

celebration

reinforcement

energy

low productivity

wasted energy

factions

low

interaction

reflection

safety

clearing the decks

isolation

misunderstanding

frustration

comfort

belonging

rest and recovery

boredom

stagnation

death Difference Matrix

Glenda Eoyang HSDI

Page 83: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

high

difference

low

difference

high

interaction

learning

growth

self-organization

stress

conflict

exhaustion

celebration

reinforcement

energy

low productivity

wasted energy

factions

low

interaction

reflection

safety

clearing the decks

isolation

misunderstanding

frustration

comfort

belonging

rest and recovery

boredom

stagnation

death Difference Matrix

Glenda Eoyang HSDI

Page 84: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

high

difference

low

difference

high

interaction

learning

growth

self-organization

stress

conflict

exhaustion

celebration

reinforcement

energy

low productivity

wasted energy

factions

low

interaction

reflection

safety

clearing the decks

isolation

misunderstanding

frustration

comfort

belonging

rest and recovery

boredom

stagnation

death Difference Matrix

Glenda Eoyang HSDI

Page 85: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

high

difference

low

difference

high

interaction

move to low difference: Tell a joke.

State a shared value or

belief.

Share personal experience.

Pick a low difference topic.

move to low

interaction: Stop communicating.

Leave the area.

Explain yourself.

Pick a low

communication topic.

low

interaction

move to high

interaction: Ask a question.

Use another medium.

Listen more.

Pick a high communication

topic.

move to high

difference: Amplify little

differences

Play devils advocate

Pick a high difference

topic Difference Matrix

Glenda Eoyang HSDI

Page 86: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

social network analysis

From time to time people

discuss important matters with

other people. Looking back over

the past six months, who are the

people with whom you

discussed matters important to

you?

Page 87: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

social network analysis

Consider the people you

communicate with in order to get

your work done. Of all the

people you have communicated

with during the last six months,

who has been the most

important for getting your work

done?

Page 88: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

social network analysis

Consider an important project or

initiative that you are involved in.

Consider the people who would

be influential for getting it

approved or obtaining the

resources you need. Who would

you talk to, to get the support

you need?

Page 89: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

social network analysis

Who do you socialize with?

(spending time with people after

work hours, visiting one another

at home, going to social events,

out for meals and so on. Over

the last 6 months, who are the

main people with whom you

have socialized informally?

Page 90: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

Where do good ideas come

from? That is simple…from

differences. Creativity comes

from unlikely juxtapositions.

The best way to maximize

differences is to mix ages,

cultures and disciplines.

-Nicolas Negroponte, founder MIT Media Lab

Page 91: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

www.joegerstandt.com

[email protected]

www.twitter.com/joegerstandt

www.linkedin.com/in/joegerstandt

www.facebook.com/joegerstandt

402.740.7081

Page 92: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

resources • The Difference: How the Power of Diversity

Creates Better Groups, Firms, Schools, and Societies | Scott Page

• The Wisdom of Crowds | James Surowiecki

• A Whole New Mind | Daniel Pink

• The Medici Effect | Frans Johansson

• The Geography of Thought | Richard Nisbett

Page 93: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

resources • Achieving Success Through Social

Capital: Tapping Hidden Resources in Your Personal and Business Network | Wayne E. Baker

• The Whole Brain Business Book Ned Herrmann

• Competitive Advantage Through People: Unleashing the Power of the Work Force | Jeffrey Pfeffer

Page 94: diversity + inclusion = innovation (HRAGD)

joegerstandt.com

twitter.com/joegerstandt

linkedin.com/in/joegerstandt

facebook.com/joegerstandt

youtube.com/joegerstandt

joegerstandt.com/blog

slideshare.net/joeg