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District Spatial Plan - Thrissur POPULATION
Department of Town & Country Planning, KeralaDepartment of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
The Population parameter serves as the base in
all the development endeavors. One of the objectives
of all sorts of planning is to provide maximum good to
maximum number of people. Hence it is imperative to
analyze the population by studying the following pa-
rameters - size of population, its growth trends, popu-
lation density, population concentration pattern, mi-
gration details and population projection – which are
described in this chapter.
3.1 POPULATION SIZE
As per 2001 census, the population of Kerala is
31841374 persons which included 15468614 males and
1,63,72,760 females. Although Kerala accounts for only
Chapter – 3POPULATION
Table 3.1: Population – Comparison with the StateDescription Kerala Thrissur % w.r t. Kerala
Total Population 31841374 2974232 9.34
Males 15468614 1422052 9.19
Females 16372760 1552180 9.48
Urban Population 8266925 839433 10.15
Males 4017332 403737 10.05
Females 4249593 435696 10.25
Rural Population 23574449 2134799 9.06
Males 11451282 1018315 8.89
Females 12123167 1116484 9.21
Source: Census 2001
1% of the total area of India, it contains about 3% of the
country’s population.
The total population of Thrissur district as per
2001 census is 2974232, which is 9.34% of the total popu-
lation of the State. Area wise Thrissur district contrib-
ute 7.8% of the state area. The total number of male
and female population in Thrissur district is 1422052
and 1552180 respectively. The District is placed in the
4th position as far as population size is considered.
The population comparison with the state is given
in Table 3.1. From the table it is clear that the total ur-
ban population of Thrissur district is 10.15% of that of
State and the rural population is 9.06% that of State.
23
POPULATION District Spatial Plan - Thrissur
Department of Town & Country Planning, KeralaDepartment of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
A comparison of total population of the districts
surrounding Thrissur district is shown in Figure 3.1.
The figure shows that when compared to the sur-
Fig 3.1: Population size - Comparison with surrounding districts
Fig 3.2: Population – Urban & Rural - Comparison with surrounding districts
Source: Census 2001
rounding districts, Thrissur is placed in the third posi-
tion in population size. The population size of
Malappuram and Ernakulam districts are higher than
that of Thrissur.
24
District Spatial Plan - Thrissur POPULATION
Department of Town & Country Planning, KeralaDepartment of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
Fig 3.3: Population size of State - Temporal Variation
27 lakhs indicating a decline in the population growth
rate of the state.
The decadal variation in the size of population of
the District over the last three decades is shown in Fig-
Fig 3.4: Population size of Thrissur - Temporal Variation
25
According to 2001 census, the total
urban population of Thrissur district is
839433 which is 28% of the total popula-
tion of the district. A comparison of per-
centage of urban and rural population of
Thrissur district with surrounding districts
is shown in Figure 3.2.
It is clear that urban population of
Thrissur district (28%) is more than that of
Malappuram and Palakkad district and less
than that of Ernakulam district (48%).
Thrissur comes in the 2nd place among the
surrounding districts.
The decadal variation in the size of
population of the State over the last three
decades is shown in Figure 3.3.
From the figure, it is clear that though there is an
increase of about 36 lakhs population from 1981 to 1991,
the increase of population over the last decade is only
Sour
ce:
Cen
sus
2001
POPULATION District Spatial Plan - Thrissur
Department of Town & Country Planning, KeralaDepartment of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
ure 3.4.
From the figure, it is clear that though there is an
increase of about 3 lakhs population per decade from
1981 to 1991, the increase of population over the last
decade is only 2.4 lakhs indicating a decline in the popu-
lation growth rate of the district.
The total Population is increasing during 1981 -
2001 period both in Kerala and Thrissur. But the per-
centage of increase in population is decreasing both in
Kerala and Thrissur District during the same period. It
clearly indicates that Thrissur district also follows the
same growth pattern as that of State.
1 Malappuram 3096330 3625471 28.87 17.22
2 Wayanad 672128 780619 21.32 17.04
3 Kasargod 1071508 1204078 22.78 12.3
4 Kozhikode 2619941 2879131 16.69 9.87
5 Palakkad 2382235 2617482 16.52 9.86
6 Thiruvananthapuram 2946650 3234356 13.5 9.78
7 Ernakulam 2817236 3105798 11.42 9.09
8 Thrissur 2737311 2974232 12.2 8.66
9 Kollam 2407566 2585208 10.68 7.33
10 Kannur 2251727 2408956 16.63 7.13
11 Idukki 1078066 1129221 10.45 6.96
12 Kottayam 1828271 1953646 7.71 6.76
13 Alappuzha 2001217 2109160 7.28 5.21
14 Pathanamthitta 1188332 1234016 5.6 3.72
Kerala 29098518 31841374 14.32 9.42
No DistrictPopulation
1991 2001
Growth Rate (G.R)1981-91 1991-2001
Table 3.2: Population and Growth rate of Population Districts wise
Source: Census 2001
3.2 GROWTH RATE OF POPULATION
The growth rate of population among the districts
of Kerala during 1981-91 and 1991-2001 is shown in Fig-
ure 3.5. and the details are given in Table 3.2. Among
the districts, Malappuram has the highest growth rate
of population of 17.22% and Pathanamthitta has the
lowest growth rate of population of 3.72%. All districts
in Kerala shows a decrease in decadal growth rate dur-
ing 1991-2001 compared to 1981-1991 decade. The
northern districts (Malappuram, Wayanad, Kasaragode,
Kozhikkode and Palakkad) show higher population
growth rate in 1991 and 2001.
26
District Spatial Plan - Thrissur POPULATION
Department of Town & Country Planning, KeralaDepartment of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
Fig 3.5: District wise distribution of population growth rate 1981-91 and 1991 - 2001
<7.007.01 - 14.0014.01 - 21.0021.01 - 28.00>28.00
Legend<7.007.01 - 14.0014.01 - 21.0021.01 - 28.00>28.00
Legend
N
Fig 3.6: Population growth rate comparison with State - 2001 census
Decadal growth rate of population of Thrissur dis-
trict is 8.66% as per 2001 census which is less than the
average growth rate of 9.42% of the State. The com-
G.R. 2001 - Comparison with State
G.R
Source: Census 2001
parison of growth rate of population of district with the
state is shown in Fig 3.6.
27
Population growth rate 1981-91Legend
Population growth rate 1991-2001Legend
POPULATION District Spatial Plan - Thrissur
Department of Town & Country Planning, KeralaDepartment of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
Table 3.3: Growth rate of Population – Comparison with State
G.R 1971-1981 1981-91 1991-01
Kerala 19.24 14.32 9.42
Thrissur 14.64 12.2 8.66
Source: Census 2001
Fig 3.7: Population growth rate comparison with surrounding districts
Growth Rate of Population - 2001 Census
Source: Census 2001
The spatial distribution of the growth rate of
population during last three decades is shown in figure
3.9, figure 3.10 and figure 3.11. From the figures, it is
clear that the growth rates of population of most of the
LSGs of the district are declining from 1981 to 2001. But
the population growth rate of Irinjalakkuda Municipal
Council, Thrissur Municipal Corporation and the Grama
Panchayats of Adat, Arimpur, Avinissery, Kaiparamba,
Kolazhi, Madakkathara, Mulamku-nnathukkavu,
Mundathikode, Puthur are showing increasing trend
from 1981 to 2001. (See fig 3.12).This may be due to
large increase in the population during 1981 - 2001 in
that area and also due to the spatial location of these
LSGs. The analysis of spatial location of these LSGs
shows that they are either urban or located nearby by
the urban areas. Moreover most of these LSGs are well
connected with higher order road network.
During 1971-81, the growth rates of population
of most of the LSGs of the district was in the range 15-
20% (figure 4.9). Kodungallur Municipal council showed
highest growth rate (31.33%) and Irinjalakkuda munici-
pal council (2.72%) showed lowest growth rate.
During 1981-91, the growth rate pattern has
widely changed. From Fig. 3.10, we can see a sudden
decrease in the pattern of growth rate. Growth rates of
population of most of the LSGs were in the range 10-
15%. High growth rate of Population in coastal region
during the period (in the range 15-20%) shows the
strength of the economic base once existed in there.
But during 1991-2001, growth rate of population in
coastal region is decreased. This in turn indicates the
Comparing Thrissur
district with surrounding
districts, Thrissur shows a
lower growth rate. And it is
shown in Fig.3.7.
The temporal varia-
tion of the population
growth rate of the district
and its comparison with
the State figures are shown
in Figure 3.8 and the details
are given in Table 3.3. The
figure shows that the popu-
lation growth rate of the
district as well as that of
state is declining.
28
District Spatial Plan - Thrissur POPULATION
Department of Town & Country Planning, KeralaDepartment of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
Fig 3.8: Population growth rate - comparison with State - Temporal Variation
Source: Census 2001
Fig 3.9: Population growth rate 1971-81 LSGs Wise
29
POPULATION District Spatial Plan - Thrissur
Department of Town & Country Planning, KeralaDepartment of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
Fig 3.10: Population growth rate 1991- Local body wise
weakening of the economic base of this area.
Puthur Grama Panchayat shows highest growth
rate (24.14) and Athirapilly Grama Panchayat (1.20)
shows lowest growth rate of population in 1991.
The spatial distribution of the growth rates of
population during 2001 shows a definite spatial pat-
tern and it is shown in Figure 3.11. The coastal region
shows a growth rate of 5-10%, whereas the central re-
gion shows a population growth rate of 10 to 15%.
Kolazhy Grama Panchayat shows highest growth rate
and Chowannur Grama Panchayat shows lowest growth
rate.
The growth rate of population in the LSGs adja-
cent to the urban LSGs (especially Thrissur Municipal
Corporation, Chavakkad Municipal Council,
Kunnamkulam Municipal Council and Guruvayur
Muncipal Council) shows higher growth rate indicating
possibility of out migration from the urban areas to the
immediate hinter land as well as the possibility of im-
migrants to the urban areas and settle down the near
by Grama Panchayat. Fig. 3.13. shows distribution of
LSGs with highest growth rate of population.
At the same time, three Grama Panchayats
(Chowannur, Manalur, and Nadathara) show negative
population growth rate while comparing the popula-
tion figures corresponding to 1991 census and 2001 cen-
sus without considering the change in geographical area
of the LSGs.
The spatial location of these Grama Panchayats
is shown in fig 3.14. But while comparing the area of
the Grama Panchayat, it can be seen that out of the
three Grama Panchayat Chowannoor and Nadathara
shows decrease in the area due to merging of part of
the area with neighbouring Municipal Council / Munici-
pal Corporation. Hence the total population figure of
these Grama Panchayat shows a decrease during the
period 1991-2001. The area and population variation is
given in table 3.4.
30
District Spatial Plan - Thrissur POPULATION
Department of Town & Country Planning, KeralaDepartment of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
Fig 3.11: Population growth rate 2001- LSGs wise
Fig 3.12: LSGs showing increase of G.R from 1981-2001
31
POPULATION District Spatial Plan - Thrissur
Department of Town & Country Planning, KeralaDepartment of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
1 Chowannur 25496 15426 10070 18.39 13.7 4.69
2 Manalur 31230 31179 51 18.22 18.12 0.10
3 Nadathara 31857 27459 4398 20.91 17.22 3.69
Population
1991 2001Difference in
Population
Area
1991 2001Difference in
area
Source: Census 2001
Fig 3.13: LSGs with highest Growth rate of population
Map Generated for IDDP by TCPD, Thrissur Unit
1 Chowannur 15226 15426 1.31
2 Nadathara 26235 27459 4.66
No. Name of LSGPopulation
1991(correspond to 2001Area) 2001 GR
Source: Census 2001
Table 3.5:Interpolated population and corresponding growthrate of Grama Panchayats showingnegative growth rate due to change in area
Table 3.4: Population & Area Details of Grama Panchayats showing negative growth rate during1991-2001
32
Name of LSG
District Spatial Plan - Thrissur POPULATION
Department of Town & Country Planning, KeralaDepartment of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
Fig 3.14: LSGs with negative growth rate based on 1991-2001census of population
Map Generated for IDDP by TCPD, Thrissur Unit
Area of Chowannur and Nadathara Grama
Panchayats is reduced in 2001 when compared with
1991. It is due to the merging of some wards of
Chowannur Grama Panchayat with Kunnamkulam Mu-
nicipal Council and that of Nadathara Grama Panchayat
with Thrissur Municipal Corporation. Table 3.5 shows
the details of growth rate in these Grama Panchayats
based on interpolation of population of 1991, corre-
sponding to the 2001 area. This shows that the Grama
Panchayats chowannur and Nadathara also has positive
growth rate of population. Hence the negative growth
rate exhibited by these Grama Panchayats are ex-
plained. The modified growth rate of above Grama
Panchayat is shown in Fig 3.15. However Manaloor
Grama Panchayat shows a slight decrease in the abso-
lute population (only 51 persons ) and hence shows a
negative growth rate.
3.3 POPULATION DENSITY
Higher population density puts greater pressure
on infrastructure and environment but reduces the per
capita costs of supply of public goods and services.
Gross population density and net population
density of the district are analyzed. Gross population
density is calculated by dividing the total population
with the geographical area, whereas the net popula-
tion density is calculated by dividing the total popula-
tion with the net area which is calculated by subtract-
ing the un-inhabitable areas like water body, forest,
paddy, rubber plantation, marshy and wasteland etc.
from the geographical area.
3.3.1 GROSS POPULATION DENSITY
As per 2001 Census, the density of population for
India as a whole is 324 persons per sq. km. where as in
Kerala it is 819 persons per sq. km. Among the Indian
States, Kerala is in third position in respect of density,
the first being West Bengal with a density of 904 per-
sons per sq.km.
A comparison of the gross population density
among the districts in the State in 1991 and 2001 is
33
POPULATION District Spatial Plan - Thrissur
Department of Town & Country Planning, KeralaDepartment of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
Fig 3.15: District wise distribution of Gross density of population growth rate
ThrissurThrissurThrissurThrissur
Fig 3.16: Population density - comparison with State (2001)
shown in Figure 3.15.
Among the Districts in Kerala, Alappuzha has the
highest density with 1489 persons per sq. km and Idukki
has the lowest density with 252 persons per sq. km ac-
cording to 2001census. Eight districts have densities
higher than the State average and the remaining six
districts have densities lower than the State average.
It can be seen that, except in the Southern dis-
tricts the gross population density increases during
1991-2001. The coastal districts show higher gross popu-
lation density in 1991 as well as in 2001. Thrissur district
comes under 7th place.
The gross population density of Thrissur district
is 981 pp.sq. km. which is higher than the state average
of 819 pp sq. km. The comparison of the population
density with the state is shown in Fig. 3.16.
34
District Spatial Plan - Thrissur POPULATION
Department of Town & Country Planning, KeralaDepartment of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
The comparison of the population density with
the surrounding districts is shown in Figure 3.17. The
gross population density of Thrissur district is less than
Fig 3.17: Population density - comparison with surrounding districts (2001)
Source: Census 2001
those of Ernakulam and Malappuram and greater than
that of Palakkad district.
Fig 3.18: Gross Population density 2001- LSG wise
35
POPULATION District Spatial Plan - Thrissur
Department of Town & Country Planning, KeralaDepartment of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
The LSGs wise distribution of the gross popula-
tion density of Thrissur district is shown in Fig. 3.18. It
shows a clear distinction between the gross popula-
tion density in the coastal region, central region and
the eastern high land regions of the district. The gross
population density of the Grama Panchayats in the
coastal belt are the highest (in the range of 1500-3200
persons per sq. km. ), whereas the gross population
density of the central region is in the range of 750 - 1500
persons per sq. km. and that of the eastern hill region is
less than 750 persons per sq. km. The gross population
density is maximum in Thrissur Municipal Corporation
which is located in central region. All the Municipal
Council and area near to Thrissur Municipal Corpora-
tion also shows higher gross population density. This
may be due to the educational, medical and infrastruc-
ture facilities available in the urban areas of the dis-
trict.
Based on the range of population density, LSGs
of the district can be grouped as given in Table 3.6.
Table 3.6: Grouping of LSGs based on the range of gross population density 2001
1 Thrissur Muncipal Corporation
2 Methala
3 Chavakkad Municipal Council
4 Guruvayur Municipal Council
5 Eriyad
6 Edavilangu
7 Irinjalakkuda Municipal Council
8 Avinissery
9 Kadapuram
10 Kaipamangalam
11 Orumanayur
12 Thalikulam
13 Vadanappilly
14 Nattika
15 Pookode
16 Perinjanam
17 Pavaratty
Sl.No. Name of Local Government Range of Gross population density(ppn/sq.km)
>3000
2250-3000
1500-2250
36
District Spatial Plan - Thrissur POPULATION
Department of Town & Country Planning, KeralaDepartment of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
18 Valappad
19 Mathilakam
20 Punnayur
21 Kodungallur Municipal Council
22 Chalakkudy Municipal Council
23 Sreenarayanapuram
24 Thaikkad
25 Nenmanikkara
26 Vadakkekad
27 Vallachira
28 Cherpu
29 Esdathiruthy
30 Manalur
31 Punnayurkulam
32 Kolazhy
33 Thanniyam
34 Anthikkad
35 Nadathara
36 Chowannur
37 Kandanissery
38 Elavally
39 Kunnamkulam Municipal Council
40 Kattur
41 Engandiyur
42 Choondal
43 Kattakampal
44 Pudukkad
1500-2250
750 - 1500
37
POPULATION District Spatial Plan - Thrissur
Department of Town & Country Planning, KeralaDepartment of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
45 Alagappanagar
46 Porathissery
47 Kodakara
48 Koratty
49 Parappukkara
50 Kaiparamba
51 Vellangallur
52 Kadukkutty
53 Paralam
54 Venkitangu
55 Arimpur
56 Adat
57 Vallatholenagar
58 Alur
59 Mullassery
60 Mala
61 Melur
62 Karalam
63 Kadavallur
64 Annamanada
65 Chazhur
66 Poyya
67 Wadakkanchery
68 Avanur
69 Mundathikode
70 Poomangalam
71 Porkulam
72 Thrikkur
73 Kuzhur
74 Velukkara
75 Madakkathara
750 - 1500
38
District Spatial Plan - Thrissur POPULATION
Department of Town & Country Planning, KeralaDepartment of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
76 Tholur
77 Padiyur
78 Puthenchira
79 Kadangode
80 Erumapetty
81 Velur
82 Mulamkkunnathukkavu
83 Desamangalam
84 Pariyaram
85 Panjal
86 Thiruvilwamala
87 Kondhazhi
88 Pazhayannur
89 Chelakkara
90 Varavoor
91 Puthur
92 Thekkumkkara
93 Mattathur
94 Muriyad
95 Mullurkkara
96 Varandarappilly
97 Kodassery
98 Pananchery
99 Athirappilly
<750
Source: Census 2001
Thirteen Grama Panchayats in the eastern high
land region fall within the lowest density range group
with a minimum of 20 persons / Sq.km. in Athirappilly
Grama Panchayat, whereas three LSGs including Thrissur
Municipal Corporation falls in the highest population
density range with maximum of 3130. Majority of the
LSGs (45 No.) falls within the population density range
of 750-1500 persons/sq.km. The remaining LSGs falls
within the range of 1500- 3000 pp.sq.km.
3.3.2 NET POPULATION DENSITY
The average net population density of the dis-
trict is calculated as 1784 pp.sq.km. The spatial distri-
bution of the net population density is shown in Fig.
3.19.
39
POPULATION District Spatial Plan - Thrissur
Department of Town & Country Planning, KeralaDepartment of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
Highest net population density range exists
(2000-3000) in the coastal plains. Lowest net popula-
tion density is seen in Athirapilly (less than 1000). How-
ever the net population density is highest in Thrissur
Municipal Corporation (4349.73 pp.sq.km). Net popu-
lation density of all Municipal Councils are more than
2000pp Sq.km. except Chalakkudy Municipal Council
(1991.26 pp.sq.km). This clearly indicates that net popu-
lation density in urban areas is more than that of rural
areas. In other words habitable area available per per-
son in urban areas as well as in some of the coastal LSGs
of the district is much less compared to the remaining
parts of the district resulting in increased pressure on
land at urban as well as coastal areas of the district.
3.4 SEX RATIO
Kerala has a unique position with regard to sex
Fig 3.19: Net Population density 2001- LSG wise
ratio. In all the Census, females outnumbered males in
Kerala, which is contrary to all India pattern. The sex
ratio of Kerala has gradually increased from 1004 in 1901
to 1028 in 1951 and then to 1058 in 2001. The 2001 Cen-
sus shows that Kerala is the only state in India where
sex ratio is above the equality ratio and is a 100-year
high with 1058 females per 1000 males.
District-wise analysis shows that the highest sex
ratio of 1094 is in Pathanamthitta District and the low-
est in Idukki District with 993 females per 1000 males.
Among the surrounding districts, Thrissur has the high-
est sex ratio (Fig 3.20)
In 1991 census, Thrissur district had a sex ratio of
1085 as against 1036 for the state during the correspond-
ing period. Thrissur district had the highest sex ratio
among the districts in 1991. In 2001 census, Sex ratio of
Thrissur district is 1092 which is higher than the State
40
District Spatial Plan - Thrissur POPULATION
Department of Town & Country Planning, KeralaDepartment of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
value of 1058. Thrissur district has the second rank
among the districts in respect of sex ratio. The com-
parison of sex ratio of Thrissur district with that of the
state in 1991 and 2001 is shown in Fig. 3.21.
Fig 3.21: Comparison of sex ratio with State
Source: Census 2001
Fig 3.20 Comparison of sex ratio
Source: Census 2001
Within the district, the sex ratio varied from 1064
in Thrissur taluk to 1154 in Chavakkad taluk in 2001. The
highest sex ratio is in Chavakkad taluk (1154), followed
by Kodungallur (1116), Talappilly taluk (1104),
41
POPULATION District Spatial Plan - Thrissur
Department of Town & Country Planning, KeralaDepartment of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
Mukundapuram taluk (1068) and Thrissur taluk (1064).
Generally rural areas have higher proportion of females
than that of urban areas. Thrissur District confirms this
pattern.
A higher value of sex ratio could mean that there
is out migration of male (for jobs etc.) population from
district.
The sex ratio in the age group of 0-6 (Figure 3.22)
of the district is 958 which is less than that of the aver-
Fig 3.22 Sex ratio – age group 0 – 6 Source: Census 2001
age value of the sex ratio of the State (960) in this age
group. Reason if any for the same has to be explored.
The variation in sex ratio of 0-6 age group in the
surrounding districts is less (963-954) than the varia-
tion in general value of sex ratio (1092-1017), indicat-
ing that at birth the sex ratio is more or less uniform
irrespective of districts, but it changes later due to the
migration pattern.
3.4.1 AGE SEX PYRAMID
The most important demographic characteristic
of a population is its age-sex structure. Age-sex pyra-
mids (also known as population pyramids) graphically
display this information to improve understanding and
ease comparison.
Age group wise population of Thrissur district is
shown in Fig. 3.23 The age sex pyramid of state Kerala
and Thrissur district is shown in Fig 3.24 and Fig. 3.25.
From the figures it is clear that sex pyramid of the Dis-
trict is more or less similar to that of the State.
42
District Spatial Plan - Thrissur POPULATION
Department of Town & Country Planning, KeralaDepartment of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
Fig 3.23: Age group wise population – Thrissur District
Source: Census 2001
Fig 3.24: Age Sex Pyramid – Kerala State
0-10
20-30
40-50
60-70
80-90
Source: Census 2001
43
POPULATION District Spatial Plan - Thrissur
Department of Town & Country Planning, KeralaDepartment of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
Fig 3.25: Age Sex Pyramid – Thrissur District
Source: Census 2001
3.5 POPULATION CONCENTRATION PATTERN
The following procedure is adopted to find out
the population concentration pattern.
1. Find the population density of each LSG
2. Arrange the LSGs in the descending order of
density
3. Find the cumulative of the population
4. Identify the LSGs where 1/3rd of the cumula-
tive total population meets.
5. LSGs from top to the LSGs identified in step 4
are the LSGs where 1/3rd population is con-
centrated.
6. Similarly identify the LSGs where ½ and 2/3rd
population is concentrated.
The population concentration patterns of Thrissur
district in 1971, 1981, 1991 and 2001 are shown in Fig-
ures 3.26, 3.27, 3.28 and 3.29 respectively.
Considering the population concentration pat-
tern of Thrissur District in 1971 (Figure 3.26), it is clear
that 1/3RD of the cumulative population is distributed
in 23 LSGs which include four Municipal Councils ex-
cept Kodungallur and Kunnamkulam and Thrissur Mu-
nicipal Corporation, ½ of the cumulative population is
distributed in 42 LSGs which include five Municipal
Councils except Kunnamkulam and Thrissur Municipal
Corporation and 2/3rd of the cumulative population is
distributed in 59 LSGs which include all Municipal Coun-
cils and Thrissur Municipal Corporation. These LSGs are
located along coastal areas and the existing statutory
urban areas.
Considering the population concentration pat-
tern of Thrissur District in 1981 (Fig. 3.27), it is clear that
1/3RD of the cumulative population is distributed in 23
LSGs which include five Municipal Councils (except
Kunnamkulam) and the Municipal Corporation, ½ of the
cumulative population is distributed in 42 LSGs which
include five Municipal Councils and one Municipal Cor-
poration except Kunnamkulam Municipal Council and
44
District Spatial Plan - Thrissur POPULATION
Department of Town & Country Planning, KeralaDepartment of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
Fig 3.26: Population concentration pattern - 1971
Fig 3.27: Population concentration pattern - 1981
45
POPULATION District Spatial Plan - Thrissur
Department of Town & Country Planning, KeralaDepartment of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
Fig 3.29: Population concentration pattern - 2001
Fig 3.28: Population concentration pattern - 1991
2/3rd of the cumulative population is distributed in 59
LSGs which include all Municipal Councils and Munici-
pal Corporation. These 59 LSGs out of 99 LSGs are lo-
cated along coastal areas and near to the existing statu-
tory urban areas. In 1971 Kodungallur Municipal Coun-
cil falls under ½ population concentration category. But
in 1981 it comes under 1/3rd population concentration
category indicating increasing population in this urban
46
District Spatial Plan - Thrissur POPULATION
Department of Town & Country Planning, KeralaDepartment of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
Fig 3.30: Population concentration pattern based on net population density of 2001
area.
Considering the population concentration pat-
tern of Thrissur District in 1991 (Fig. 3.28), it is clear that
1/3rd of the cumulative population is distributed in 24
LSGs which include Municipal Councils (except
Kunnamkulam and Chalakkudy) and the Municipal Cor-
poration. ½ of the cumulative population is distributed
in 43 LSGs which include five Municipal Councils except
Kunnamkulam and the Municipal Corporation. 2/3RD of
the cumulative population is distributed in 60 LSGs
which include all Municipal Councils and the Municipal
Corporation. These 60 LSGs include coastal LSGs and
statutory urban areas.
Considering the population concentration pat-
tern of Thrissur District in 2001 (Fig. 3.29), it is clear that
1/3RD of the cumulative population is distributed in 25
LSGs which include five Municipal Councils (except
Kunnamkulam Muncipal Council) and the Thrissur Mu-
nicipal Corporation ½ of the cumulative population is
distributed in 43 LSGs which include all Municipal Coun-
cils and the Municipal Corporation . 2/3rd of the cumula-
tive population is distributed in 61 LSGs which include
all Municipal Councils and Municipal Corporation.
These 61 LSGs out of 99 LSGs include the coastal LSGs
and existing statutory urban areas.
The population concentration pattern based onnet population density
The population concentration pattern is derived
by calculating the cumulative population after arrang-
ing the LSGs in the descending order of net residential
density (total population / habitable area obtained by
subtracting the area of water bodies, forest, paddy, rub-
ber plantation, marshy and wasteland etc. from the
geographical area).
The population concentration pattern of the dis-
trict is shown in Fig. 3.30. It shows 1/3rd of the cumula-
tive population is distributed in 24 LSGs and it includes
5 Municipal Councils (except Chalakkudy Municipal
Council) and the Municipal Corporation. Half of the cu-
mulative population is distributed in 41 LSGs which in-
clude all Municipal Councils and the Municipal Corpo-
ration. 2/3rd of the cumulative population is distributed
in 62 LSGs which include all Municipal Councils and the
Municipal Corporation.
47
POPULATION District Spatial Plan - Thrissur
Department of Town & Country Planning, KeralaDepartment of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
It shows 2/3rd of the total population of the dis-
trict is concentrated in 38.21% of the area of the dis-
trict. Considering the above factors, it is concluded that
population is distributed more in the coastal areas, along
the major transportation corridor and around the ur-
ban areas. The spatial location of 24 LSGs, where
1/3rd population is concentrated clearly shows that they
are located along coastal areas and in the corporation
area and its surroundings. This may be due to social/
occupational reasons. The alignment of NH 17 along the
coastal belt more strengthens the above factors.
3.6 MIGRATION DETAILS
The total population of Thrissur district in 1991
census was 2737311. Out of this, 209369 persons were
in-migrants by place of birth who constituted 7.65% of
the total population. The percentage of total male and
female in-migrants by place of birth was 6.66% and
8.56% respectively. As regards in-migrants by place of
birth from other districts of the state, there were 181173
such in-migrants, who constituted 86.53% of the total
in-migrants by place of birth reported in the district
during 1991 census. Among them 83.49% were male in-
migrants and 88.71% were female in-migrants. The per-
centage of in-migrants by place of birth who migrated
from other States and Union Territories of India to
Thrissur district was 11.72%. Among them, 14.4% were
males and 9.80% were females.
3.7 POPULATION PROJECTION (TREND BASED)
Population growth of an area depends on num-
bers of births, death, in migrants and out migrants over
a time period taken for the population projection. If
one can predict the exact future values of all these fac-
tors, population projection of that area can be done
very accurately. The mathematical expression is as fol-
lows
P1 = P0 + B- D + I-O , where P1 and P0 refers to the
size of population at the beginning and end of a time
period and B, D,I and O are the number of births , deaths
, immigrants and out migrants respectively in the time
period concerned. Practically this is very difficult .So
population projection is usually done by understand-
ing the pattern of population growth in the past and
assuming the same pattern will continue in the future,
the present population is projected to the desired fu-
ture period.
The population is projected by two methods
namely Decreasing rate method and Apportionment
method and average of the two is taken as the popula-
tion figures in 2011 and 2021.
Table 3.7: Projected District Population – Decreasing rate method
Year Total population Population Growth rate % Decrease inPopulation Growth rate
1971 2,128,877
1981 2,439,633 14.6
1991 2,737,311 12.2 -16.41
2001 2,974,232 8.66 -29.07
2011 3,156,775 6.14 -29.09
2021 3,294,161 4.35 -29.09
Source: Census 2001
48
District Spatial Plan - Thrissur POPULATION
Department of Town & Country Planning, KeralaDepartment of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
1971 21,347,375 2,128,877 0.0997 1981 25,453,680 2,439,633 0.0958 -0.03891991 29,098,518 2,737,311 0.0941 -0.018522001 31,841,374 2,974,232 0.0934 -0.007042011 33,817,196 3,150,353 0.0932 -0.002672021 35,198,589 3,278,716 0.0931 -0.0001
YearTotal population
Kerala Thrissur
Ratio of Districtpopulation to Sate
Population
Change inthe ratio
Table 3.8: Projected District Population – Apportionment method
Source: Census 2001
3.7.1 Decreasing rate method
The population growth rate of 2011 & 2021 are
calculated assuming that the same percentage of de-
crease in population growth prevails as that of 2001 for
the succeeding two decades. Based on the population
growth rate calculated, the population of the District is
projected for 2011 and 2021 and the result is given in
Table 3.7.
3.7.2 Apportionment method
In the apportionment method the ratio of the
District population to the State population has been
found out and the same is projected to the next two
decades assuming the change in the ratio during 2001 -
2011 and 2011-2021 will remain same as the value of
that during 2001-2011. In order to find out the projected
population in 2011 and 2021, the projected populations
of the State during the same years are needed. The
details of the population projection of Kerala is elabo-
rated in the Annexe 3. The projected population of the
YearTotal population as per
decrease rate method
Total population as perapportionment method
Average
population figures
2011 3,156,775 3,150,353 3,153,564
2021 3,294,161 3,278,716 3,286,439
TABLE 3.9: FINAL PROJECTED POPULATION FIGURES OF THE DISTRICT
Source: Census 2001
District based on the apportionment method is given
in table 3.8.
The projected total population by the two meth-
ods differs slightly. The average of these two is taken
as the population figures of Thrissur District for 2011
and 2021. This is given in Table 3.9 .Thus the projected
total population of Thrissur District for 2011 and 2021
are 3,153,564 and 3,286,439 respectively.
3.8 INFERENCE
The population density of Thrissur district is 981
pp sq km which is higher than the state average value
of 819 pp.sq.km. Among the surrounding districts, popu-
lation density of Thrissur is less than that of Ernakulam
and Malappuram. The growth rate of population in the
district is significantly declining for the last three de-
cades and hence it can be presumed that there won’t
be much increase in the gross population density of
the district in future if the present trend continues.
The spatial agglomeration pattern of population
49
District Spatial Plan - Thrissur
Department of Town & Country Planning, KeralaDepartment of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
POPULATION
clearly shows that the transportation corridors espe-
cially the national highways passing through the dis-
trict plays a crucial role in formulating the spatial con-
centration pattern of population. Other determinants
are social and physical character of coastal areas near-
ness to existing urban areas etc.
Three distinct zones can be earmarked based on
the distribution of the gross population density. The
eastern high land region of the district shows the least
gross population density value of less than 750 popula-
tion/sq km. The LSGs in the mid land region is having a
gross population density range of 750-1500 population/
sq km. The highest population density is seen in the
coastal belt of the district which falls in the range 1500-
3200 population / sq km. Based on the trend it is pro-
jected that the population of the District will be in-
creased by 1.79 lakhs and 1.33 lakhs in the succeeding
decades, 2001-11 and 2011-2021 respectively.
50