Enbe final project

ENBE | Final Project | Part A – Report | The Future City Representation

Tittle of Project:

SURVIVAL UNDERGROUND

CHEW UNG HENG

0315397

FNBE APRIL 2013

CHEW UNG HENG | 0315397 | Group W | FNBE April 2013 | Taylor’s University


content

1. Introduction - 3

2. A City – 4-6

3. Investigation & Data Collection: The Ancient -7-8

4. Investigation & Data Collection: The present city - 9-10

5. Investigation & Data Collection: The future city - 11

6. The “X” -12-14

7. The New “X” City / Or the new name - 15-19

8. The Process and Progress -20-38

9. The Conclusion -39

10. References list -40

INTRODUCTIONCHEW UNG HENG | 0315397 | Group W | FNBE April 2013 | Taylor’s University


Referring final project’s brief, we are the mayor of “X” city and our people require a new city because of some specific reasons that cause the “X” city no longer liveable. So we need to propose a layout of the new city as soon as possible. Then, the population of the new city is between 150,000-500,000 who are Malaysian and the size of the proposed city should be between 25-40. There are few choices for our new city which are underground city, underwater city, water floating city, air floating city or enhance the existing city.

Firstly, we need investigate about a past and future city to collect the information as the requirement for us to propose our future city. While doing research, we should focus on the needs of the people, the infrastructures, the facilities, and how it will sustain itself in the future. By referring the past cities, these cities achieve a new height of culture and commerce, though in the end and some of them destroyed. So we should learn the experiences from the history to build a better city. Besides, we should think the complexity of road systems, transportation, building laws, markets, educational systems and etc. Then, we need to organise the zoning of the city properly which the systems in the city may going systematically. We may also have to consider about food and water so that it can be produced in our city for the needs of our people to live.

The character of the city is relate to our subject as every city need to sustain itself , they grow, they populate, they require energy, they need shelter, they need protection which are similar to nature. So it is no doubt that we have to consider a lot of things to make our city better place to live. In a nutshell, the project provides a lot of information for us to learn on how to use the elements surrounding us to built environment which is related to our subject (ENBE).

CITY



DEFINATION OF CITY:

A city is a relatively large and permanent settlement. Although there is no agreement on how a city is distinguished from a town within general English language meanings, many cities have a particular administrative, legal, or historical status based on local law. Cities generally have complex systems for sanitation, utilities, land usage, housing, and transportation. The concentration of development greatly facilitates interaction between people and businesses, benefiting both parties in the process. A big city or metropolis usually has associated suburbs and exurbs. Such cities are usually associated with metropolitan areas and urban areas, creating numerous business commuters traveling to urban centres for employment. Once a city expands far enough to reach another city, this region can be deemed a conurbation or megalopolis.

WHAT MAKE A CITY?

A city is usually defined by its size in comparison to a town. Often it is said that a city is somewhere that has a university and that has a high legal importance.

A city is mainly made up of houses though it also has to have industrial and business areas as well as good infrastructures such as roads and streets. Most cities have good public transportation links and although usually a city is classed as a fairly large place, there are some cities which are quite small. This occurs when there are important buildings within the city such as churches or cathedrals.

Overall each city is defined as a city for a different reason and there really isn't a standard answer as to what actually makes one. So, usually it is size and most cities are bigger than towns but it does not always work out that way!

WHAT MAKES A GOOD CITY?

A prerequisite of a good city is mixed use neighborhoods, density and walkable streets. Let’s take examples. London, New York, Hong Kong and Tokyo are great cities for this sole reason. These cities have residential, offices, retail, hospitality all adjacent to each other and buildings are built with negligible or zero car parks.

EXAMPLE OF A GOOD CITY

TOP Cities in United state



Austin, Texas

The “live music capital of the world” often finds itself on lists covering the best places to live – and for good reason. With a substantially lower unemployment rate than the national average (just 6.3% as opposed to 8.3% nationally), no state income tax, eight colleges and universities, clean water, and plenty of open space surrounding the metro area, this city of more than 700,000 people sits smack in the middle of the vast Texas landscape.

Austin has 228 sunny days per year, with temperatures rarely falling below the average low of 40 degrees in January. A median home price of $196,000 means that the average young resident (age 34.1) has a good chance of affording his or her own home. Furthermore, workers have a strong chance of finding a telecommuting job and working from home, as Austin is ranked as the number four city in the country for employers offering teleworking.

The city contains 3,127 people per square mile, and 83.4% of residents have a high school diploma or higher.



Omaha, Nebraska

With just a 4.7% unemployment rate, this city of 380,000 seems to be beating the odds in terms of job creation during the recession. There are other facets of Omaha that make it an attractive place to live: A median income of more than $53,000, and 12 colleges and universities are especially enticing to younger people. It is a relatively affordable place to live as well, as the average home price is just $129,200, while the average rent cost is $716 monthly. In fact, the cost of living in Omaha is 11% lower than the national average.

Residents of Omaha also enjoy 214 sunny days per year, clean air, and a medical system that provides a whopping 329 physicians for every 100,000 residents. With an up-and-coming cultural scene that features art galleries, restaurants, and nightclubs, young adults are finding that there is plenty to do in Omaha.

WHAT IS THE FUTURE CITY?

What the future might hold has long been a topic of speculation for artists and creative types. Trying to imagine what the world around us might look like in twenty, fifty, hundred years, or even end of the world can provide hours of entertainment. And it’s obvious that those artists and designers who take the time to create concepts of what they think the future might hold for us put a lot of time and consideration into their pieces.



ANCIENT CITIESDEFINATION OF ANCIENT CITY

Early cities developed in a number of regions of the ancient world. Mesopotamia can claim as the earliest cities, particularly Eridu, Uruk, and Ur. After Mesopotamia, this culture arose in Syria and Anatolia, as shown by the city of Çatalhöyük (7500–5700BC). It is the largest Neolithic site found to date. Although it has sometimes been claimed that ancient Egypt lacked urbanism, several types of urban settlements were found in ancient times.

Ancient building in Mesopotamia

HISTORY OF ANCIENT UNDERGROUND CITY

The underground city at Derinkuyu may have been distended in the Byzantine era. Refugee settlement used during the Persian Achaemenid empire the city. There are references to underground refugee settlements built by the Persian king Yima in the second chapter of the Zoroastrian book Vendidad. Therefore many scholars believe that Persians may build the city. The city was connected with other underground cities through miles of tunnels. Some artefacts discovered in these underground settlements belong to the Middle Byzantine Period, between the 5th and the 10th centuries A.D. It is speculated that the number of underground settlements, generally used for taking refuge and for religious purposes, increased during this era.


First built in the soft volcanic rock of the Cappadocia region by Phrygians in the 8th-7th centuries B.C according to the Turkish Department of Culture

Derinkuyu Underground City is an ancient multi-level underground city of the Median Empire in the Derinkuyu district in Nevşehir Province, Turkey.

It has approximately 60 m and enough large to shelter 20,000 people


Derinkuyu Underground City

Derinkuyu underground city is the largest excavated underground city in Turkey and is one of several underground complexes found across Cappadocia. The underground city at Derinkuyu could be closed from the inside with large stone doors and each floor could be closed off separately.

Unique to the Derinkuyu complex and located on the second floor is a spacious room with a barrel vaulted ceiling. It has been reported that this room was used as a religious school and the rooms to the left were studies

Between the third and fourth levels is a vertical staircase way that leads to a cruciform church on the lowest (fifth) level.

The large 55 m ventilation shaft appears to have been used as a well. The shaft also provided water to both the villagers above and, if the outside world was not accessible, to those in hiding.

CONCLUSION & information collected for our new city

Ancient city such as Derinkuyu underground city as the largest cities but it consider about the basic elements and needs for human to survive under the ground. The building built are related to the environment which is well maintained open , green and public spaces. The city involves interaction between these man-made and natural components. Besides, the city consists of space for human activities and interactions. So I will insert those information to propose my new city.

Example feature of ancient underground city


Heavy stone doors and the hole middle the door can be used to close or open millstone


PRESENT CITIESPRESENT UNDERGROUND CITIES

Present Underground city refer to a network of tunnels that connects buildings beneath street level which may house office blocks, shopping malls, metro stations, theatres, and other attractions. These passages can usually be accessed through the public space of any of the buildings which are connecting to them, and sometimes are separate entries as well. This latter definition encompasses many modern structures, while the former more generally covers tunnel systems from ancient times to the present day.

Underground cities are especially functional in cities with very cold or hot climates, as they permit activities to be comfortably accessible year round without regard to the weather. Underground cities are similar in nature to skyway systems and may include some buildings linked by skyways or above-ground corridors rather than underground.


As a series of linked subterranean spaces that may provide a defensive refuge, a place for living, working or shopping, a transit system, mausoleum,; wine or storage cellar, cisterns or drainage channel.

Example of corridors that linked between two building


Montreal underground city

Montreal Underground city in French is the largest underground network in the world. It has 32 km of tunnel that cover more than 41 city blocks.

Access through the RÉSO can be made to apartment buildings, hotels, offices, banks, and universities, as well as public spaces like retail shops and malls, concert halls, cinemas, the Bell Centre hockey arena, museums, seven metro stations, two train stations (Lucien-L'Allier and Gare Centrale), a bus terminal (Réseau de transport de Longueuil and other transit authorities), and other areas.

The network began as a connection between Place Ville Marie, the Queen Elizabeth Hotel and the Gare Centrale.

More than 2,000 shops and 40 cinemas line the passageways. Tourists often visit attractions in the underground city, which is used by an average of half a million Montrealers per day.

Eight metro stations link to smaller networks that are not yet part of the central network, such as Berri UQAM in the eastern part of downtown and Pie-IX which links venues from the 1976 Summer Olympics. Additionally, other underground networks are now part of the metro system, such as the La Cité housing and retail complex.

CONCLUSION & INFORMATION COLLECTED FOR OUR NEW CITY

The city focuses on the need of the people, the facilities, the transportation and the infrastructures. The city links the relationship between the city and neighbourhood is greatly interrelated. The city also exposes the elements of the natural and built environment in their basic unit, form and function. Besides, it also shows the symbiotic relationship of the elements of the natural and built environment.


It connects 80% of office space and 35% of commercial space in downtown Montreal.


FUTURE CITY

Future city need to develop new partnership with various different stakeholder they serve. New forms of partnership go beyond simply listening the view of others but take action together are the essential part of this. Citizens become more than a voter or customer which engaged as coproducers in the policies that will shape the city future. Channels for interaction are also expanding and, most significantly, the real interaction, More than simply providing information, the Internet provides a platform for genuine dialogue between cities and citizens in a way that traditional cannot easily accommodate. Developing accountability is a key aspect of the strategies that cities are adopting to engage their citizen.

CONCLUSION & INFORMATION COLLECTED FOR OUR NEW CITY

IN propose a new city we need to think the complexity of rood systems , building law, markets , business centre and etc as the need for the human become more complex . Besides, the systematic of the zoning in the future should be consider so that the citizen can be differentiate the different area in their city such as business area ,commercial area, recreational area ,education area, religious and cultures area and etc. We may also insert some technology facilities to make our city a better place to live.



THE “X” CITYINTRODUCTION OF THE CITY

The “X” city is a small size of city which is smaller than 70 km and the size of the “X” city is between 25-40km. Then, the population of the X city is between 150,000-500,000 who are Malaysian that consists of different culture and religion such as Buddhism, Islamic, Hinduism, Christian and etc.

CULTURE AND RELIGION OF PEOPLE IN “X” CITY

Needs of the people in “X” city

Transportation

Transportation is the tools that transfer one person from one location to another location such as the movement of people, animals and goods from one location to another. Modes of transport include air, rail, road, water, cable, pipeline and space. The field can be divided into infrastructure, vehicles and operations. Transport is important since it enables trade between people, which in turn establishes civilizations.

Passenger transport may be public, where operators provide scheduled services, or private.

Public transport Private TRASPORT

FOOD


People in “X” city:

Muslim, Buddhist, Hindu, Iban , Kadazan and others

KTM, LRT, TRAIN, BUS, TAXI AND ETC

CAR, BICYCLE, MOTORCYCLE AND ETC


Food is the basic need of the human to survive so the various type of food can be satisfy the consumer .

CLOTH

JOB

THINGS THAT HAPENNED IN “X” CITY

In 2030, a big nuclear explosion happen over my previous city. This explosion release the poisonous radioactive that might be kill my whole city’s resident. As the mayor of the city, I decide to build a new city in underground as radioactive can penetrate almost every things except the land. To make sure the healthiness of my resident, I will build my city 50 km depth to avoid the penetration of the radioactive.


Cloth also the basic need for the human to cover their body surfaces and there may a lot of choices for people to choose and follow the fashion according the season so they are more confidence

There will be a lot of job for the people to choose such as be a doctor, lawyer, teacher, scientist, architect, engineer and etc.


Nuclear explosion in 2033

CONCLUSION:

HOW TO BUILD THE BETTER FUTURE CITY FOR THEM?

To build a better city, we should consider about the pollution as the “X” city had polluted and may effect the health of the citizen. So we have to build a city that free from pollution so that the people live more comfortable and free. Besides, the future city should success to treat the disaster that would happen in anytime and we can certainly make improvements of our city. Then, me need to build a great city that is sustainable and liveable.



SURVIVAL UNDERGROUND

Survival underground city has few layers and levels which each layer represent the zoning of the city. All the city is cover by a protection shield to prevent the building to be dusty as the air condition in underground in not going smoothly as the space is compact. Besides, the shapes of my city mostly focus on circle and square shape which make my city more better look. Then, the industrial area are more far away from my main city as this area may produce loudness of engine sound which cause sound pollution in my city. As my city build layering so there are more spaces for the increasing of the population of the people

HOW TO OVWERCOME DISASTER:

The most common disaster always happen in underground is the earthquakes.

HOW TO FIND THE FOOD:

Food is the basic needs for the human and animals to survive in my city. So I will build a very huge land for the purposes of plantation such fruits and vegetables to produce various type of food like bread. Now, how the plant grows without the sunlight produced for them to make photosynthesis? So, I will build a generator converter to convert the heat to electricity energy that could light up the bulbs to form light for the plant to produce their own food by photosynthesis. Besides, the faeces of the human and animal can be collected for uses of energy such as heat or electricity energy. Basically, the underground of the earth produce the amount of heat consistent the depth of the underground so heat energy become our main energy for every conversion to other energy. It is no


To overcome the earthquakes, I will build an extra thick layer to cover the ground around my city by the strong metal such as iron to strengthen the structure of the ground and ensure it does not fall down while the earthquakes happen.

Example of earthquake in underground


doubt plant will produce oxygen and absorb carbon dioxide for their main needs so for an extra I will build the oxygen tank for them to live more comfortable.

AGRICULTURE

Agriculture will become the main source to obtain food for my city as it produce the basic needs of my resident such as crops, fruits , vegetables and etc. with the light of darkness. The agriculture also may produce the meats from animals such as cows, lambs, pig and etc. Then, various types of food can be produced to increase their requirement for food to live better in my city. Besides, my city will feed on the “underground bird” for the additional production of food such as bird nest which is good for our health.

Production of crops production of beef

Example of agriculture in survival ground

LIGHTS

LIGHT OF DARKNESS

The lights are bright 24 hours as it is an essential tool for the farming and agriculture for my country. Besides, it helps to increase the production of the plantation to my city so that the lacking of food problems may not be appeared in my city. The light of darkness helps my resident can see more clearly around their surroundings to avoid accident happened. Besides, the light can be closed and adjustable in specific condition.



TRANSPORTATIONTransportation is the tools that transfer one person from one location to another location in faster speed. So, my city will use highly technology transportation tools which do not produce smoke that are more eco-friendly that reduce the smoke produced in my city.


BICYCLE

More eco-friendly as it replaces the oil to chemical energy. It has battery that can be charged and the battery of the bicycle can be used for maximum one week. It does not release smoke but it easily heat up for long distance

PUBLIC LIFT

The lift is used for citizen to transfer more longer distance. It has very high speed and it also using electricity as the main energy for moving. The public lift in my city are moving vertically that usually we saw in the present city

Stocks glasses transport

The stocks can be transferred by using this transportation as it is easy n safe.


COMMUNICATION IN SURVIVAL GROUND

U-TOWER

COMMUNICATION TOOLS

PAW

OTHER ENTERTAIMENT TOOLS

High technology laptop and tablet High technology computer


U-TOWER is the main communication connection that located in two locations which is south and north. It connects the communication line in the whole city.

PAW is the main communication tool in my city which has the highly technology functions that bring convenience to my resident. It oval shape and small in sizes so it is easy to be handle and bring to everywhere. It consist a lot of apps which is similar with the present mobile phone such as internet , maps, call and etc.


ENERGY

BIOMASS ENERGY

Biomass is biological material derived from living, or recently living organisms. It most often refers to plants or plant-derived materials which are specifically called lignocellulose biomass. As a renewable energy source, biomass can either be used directly via combustion to produce heat, or indirectly after converting it to various forms of biofuel. Conversion of biomass to biofuel can be achieved by different methods which are broadly classified into: thermal, chemical, and biochemical methods.

GEOTHERMAL ENERGY

Geothermal energy is thermal energy generated and stored in the Earth. Thermal energy is the energy that determines the temperature of matter. The geothermal energy of the Earth's crust originates from the original formation of the planet (20%) and from radioactive decay of minerals



CONCLUSION

In this project, I learn the on the development of a city. First, we have to organise the zoning of the city properly so that the city of the people may not get lost easily. Besides I learn how important is it the relationship between the elements and natural environment. Next I learn about the lesson on the history of the ancient city that had destroyed so that I can build the better city in my future life. Besides, I also learn a lot of the experiences in this project which make me more responsible and do think more systematically. Finally, I would like to thank my lecture who gave this project to us to learn about the nature



REFRENCES LINKSWIKIPEDIA

WWW.GOOGLE.COM

WWW.YAHOO.COM


http://WWW.YAHOO.COM/

http://WWW.GOOGLE.COM/

Technology

Enbe final project