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Genetics vis-à-vis
Shukravaha
Srotas
Presenter
Dr.Pallavi.G Ist
P.G Scholar
Dept of P.G Studies in Ayurveda Siddhanta
Govt
Ayurveda Medical College Mysore
Under the guidance of
Dr.Shreevathsa
M.D (Ayu) Dr.Shakunthala
.G.N M.D
(Ayu)
Lecturer
Prof and Head of the Dept
Dept of P.G Studies in Ayurveda Siddhanta Govt
Ayurveda Medical College
Mysore
ContentsIntroductionBeeja, Beeja bhaga, Beeja bhaga AvayavaPathological manifestations of Shukravaha Srotas due to Beeja, Beeja bhaga , Beeja bhaga avayava dushtiHuman Genome ProjectGenetic CounsellingConclusionBibliography
• IntroductionIntroduction
Why is the offspring similar to the parents.
in many respects yet different from them?
The riddle has been a subject of
interest to the minds of philosophers
since time immemorial.
. Life seems to have originated on
earth 2000 million years ago and its
continuation is possible by the unique
activity of reproduction for which the
gametes are held responsible.
The genetic control of sexual
development is very often called the sex
determination and a direct relationship
was found between chromosomes which
an individual receives and the sex it
develops.
Beeja, Beeja
bhaga
&
Beeja
bhaga
avayavaThese are identified as certain fundamental entities which are responsible for reproduction.
This is a highly evolved concept of genetics which fortunately simulates with the contemporary concept of genetics dealt by Acharya Charaka in Shaareera Sthana.
This concept has been explained in Ayurvedic classics with the help of vikaras such as Varta, Putipraja, Truna putrika
oÉÏeÉ
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oÉÏeÉå |
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It may be compared to the genotype which
is a complete set of instructions on how
the body is supposed to be built.
It is the Genetic constitution of an
organism which determines different traits
of an individual such as Eye color, Hair
color, Height, Weight, Body structure,
Facial structures, skin color etc.
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ÌlÉuÉïiÉïMüÉå
pÉÉaÉÉå
oÉÏeÉ
pÉÉaÉÈ
It may be compared to a chromosome.
The genomes are the set of chromosomal
complements which are passed on as units
from generation to generation one from
each of the parents.
These carry the hereditary information in
the form of genes.
Thus Beeja bhaga is held responsible for
the expression of different characteristics
of individual and origin of different organs
and tissues of the body.
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pÉÉaÉ
AuÉrÉuÉoÉÏeÉ
pÉÉaÉ
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-AuÉrÉuÉAÉUÇpÉMü
oÉÏeÉ
pÉÉaÉ
(aÉÇaÉÉkÉU
)
This is the most fundamental entity which can be
grossly compared to a gene.
It is the basic physical and functional unit of
heredity which are mainly responsible for
expression of a particular trait in an individual
that are transmitted from one generation to
another.
These are specific sequences that encode
instructions on how to make proteins which in
turn are responsible for the expression of a trait.
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oÉÏeÉå
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pÉuÉÌiÉ, iÉxrÉ iÉxrÉÉ…¡ûÉuÉrÉuÉxrÉ
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lÉÉåmÉeÉÉrÉiÉå
cÉÉlÉÑmÉiÉÉmÉÉiÉç| cÉ.zÉÉ3/17
This concept holds good for each
and every srotas. Whichever
avayava of beeja bhaga is vitiated
by the doshas the respective
avayava presents with a disease.
Pathological manifestations of Shukravaha
Srotas
due to Beeja
Bhaaga
and Beeja
bhaga
avayava dushti
oÉÏeÉ
pÉÉaÉ
SÒ̹
–Janma of Vandhya ie an infertile male , It may be due to chromosomal abnormality (Structural and number), Ex-Turners syndrome, Klienefeltors syndrome etc.
oÉÏeÉ
pÉÉaÉ
AuÉrÉuÉ
SÒ̹
–Janma of Putipraja ie a defective progeny who is Sterile and impotent along with other systemic illness.This may be due to defective genes.
oÉÏeÉ
pÉÉaÉ
AuÉrÉuÉ
SÒ̹-
rÉSÉ
iuÉxrÉ
oÉÏeÉå
oÉÏeÉpÉÉaÉÉuÉrÉuÉÈ
mÉÑÂwÉMüUÉhÉÉqÉç
cÉ
zÉUÏUoÉÏeÉ
pÉÉaÉÉlÉÉqÉç
LMüSåzÉÈ
mÉëSÉåwÉqÉÉmɱiÉå, iÉSÉ
mÉÑÂwÉÉM×üÌiÉpÉÔÌrɸqÉç
AmÉÑÂwÉqÉç
iÉ×hÉmÉŅ̃ÉMÇü
lÉÉqÉeÉlÉrÉÌiÉ
| cÉ.zÉÉ
4/31Here the vitiation is at the most priliminary level i.e gene responsible for generation of male sexual characteristics is affected..
Gene has an attribute to control metabolism at cellular level that is direct synthesis of enzymes and hormones to regulate internal chemical environment and produce optimal conditions for carrying out various cellular activities and accomplish what is observed in the phenotype.
It can be compared to set of conditions such as testicular feminization where in the probable cause may be absence of enzymes for testosterone synthesis even though the karyotype is of normal male 46XY .
Sahaja klaibya- genetic and congenital factors responsible for impotency are included here
Dwireta-This may be compared to Intersex.It is usually said to be congenital, involving chromosomal morphologic, genital /gonadal anamolies such as diversion from typical XX or XY. Such Individual may have biological characteristics of both male and female sexes.
Pavanendriya-It may be compared to Bilateral anorchia or vanishing testes syndrome , an extrememly rare disorder
Samskaravhi-Congenital disorders of sperm transport are rarely due to absence or atresia of the male ductal system.
Vatika Shanda- Testicular factors may include genetic defects on the Y chromosome, testicular dysgenesis syndrome etc.
Human Genome Project Human Genome Project ( massive international research project) is an appreciable attempt to explore the concept of Beeja, Beeja Bhaga,BeejaBhaga avayava. The basic program of this project constitutes identifying specific phenotypic features ,corelatingthem with genotypes and to elucidate the entire sequence of genes on all the human chromosomes. Scientists suggest that the genetic key to human complexity lies not in the gene number but in how gene parts are used to build different products. Particular gene sequences have been associated with numerous diseases and disorders including breast cancer, muscle disease, deafness , blindness etc and hence genetic counselling is gaining importance nowadays so as to tackle such disorders.
Genetic CounsellingIt is the communication process which deals with the human problems associated with the occurrence or risk of genetic disorder in a family.. Couples seek genetic counselling at different stages- Before marriage, pre- conceptional period such as in advanced maternal age, During pregnancy and reterospectively after the birth of an offspring afflicted with genetic disorder. Keeping Ayurvedic principles in view , the couple should be instructed beginning from the Vivaha, followed by Garbhadhana upto to the Prasava. Genetic counselling may aid at different levels of formation of prakriti
Atulyagotriya vivaaha, and appropriate age for marriage. Counselling to avoid Consanguineous marriage determines Shukrashonita prakruti.Counselling to consume healthy diet Shad rasa yukta ahara for the proper Growth of the foetus which will determine Maaturahara vihara prakruti- Ex-Excess of intake of Katu rasa and during pregnancy will lead to Shukra dushtiCounselling to Avoid garbhopaghaatakara bhavas will determine Kala garbhashaya prakruti- ex exposure to ionic radiations may lead to gene mutations.Following specific garbhini charya for each month for healthy growth and development of the foetus which determines Mahabhuta vikara prakruti-Hence genetic counselling may prove beneficial in avoiding genetic disorders.
ConclusionThus the concept of Beeja Beeja bhaga
and Beeja bhaga avayava is a highly
evolved concept of genetics representing
even the minutest entity of genetics of
contemporary science.
Human genome project is an effort to
unfold each and every beeja bhaga
avayava responsible for a particular trait
and thus benefit the society by
preventing the occurrence of genetic
disorders.
Bibliography
Charaka Samhita
Sushruta Samhita
Comprehensive Textbook of Sexual Medicine- Nilamadhab
Kar, Gopal Chandra Kar, 1st Edition 2005 Jaypee Brothers
New Delhi
An Introduction to Genetics- V.V. Kulashrestha First Edition
2002 Avas Vikas colony Aligarh
Ayurvedline- Sex Medicine Part II