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symmetric cation+
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+ +
- - - - -
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-
--
--
+
+
+
+ + +
- - - -
+ + +
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- - - - symmetric anion
asymmetric cation
Ionic liquidMolten salt
Solar
Industrialsolvents
Lubricants
Ice-inhibition
Extraction
Watertreatment
Separation
Biomass
Batteries
Ionic Liquids
IONIC LIQUID TECHNOLOGY
TECNALIA is recycling and reuse of critical metals from industrial and urban waste such as mineral ores, electronic wastes (batteries, printed circuit boards), permanent magnets, �uorescent lamps, catalysts, water and biomass.
www.tecnalia.com
APPLICATIONS
IONMET New ionic liquid solvent technology to transform metal �nishing products and processes), in which several ionic liquid based surface treatments were successfully developed from the laboratory up to pilot scale (Figure 4)
LIQUIONInvestigation of ionic liquid technologies for industrial applications, in which the electrodeposition of Al from ionic liquids and the use of ionic liquids as electrolytes for redox �ow batteries are being developed and validated.
COLABATSCobalt and lanthanide recovery from batteries using novel task speci�c ionic liquids (TSILs)
::Have tunable structures where properties of them can be altered by adding di�erent functional groups.::The unique chemical and physical properties: negligible vapor pressure; biocompatibility; non-human toxicity; non-corrosive nature; thermal stability; electric conductivity, electrochemical stability; high heat storage capacity.
Ionic Liquids
Deep Eutectic Solvents ::The aim is to make liquids by mixing two solid starting materials with high melting points. DES can be prepared readily from renewable, non-toxic naturally occurring chemicals, are relatively inexpensive and can be tailored to speci�c uses. ::They are easy to prepare in high purity at relatively low cost and most of them are even biodegradable. ::They are made by mixing a hydrogen bond acceptor (e.g., natural organic salt, amino acid) and hydrogen bond donor (e.g., alcohol, sugar or carboxylic acid), both of which may have high melting points, to form a eutectic mixture with a substantially lower melting point
Capabilities::Designing, synthesizing, and characterizing of di�erent categories of environmentally benign, low cost ILs and DESs into di�erent applications.::Electroanalitical techniques: Cyclic Voltammetry, Chroamperometry, Chronopotentiometry, Linear Sweep Voltammetry, Polarization Resistance
EXAMPLES
How “ions” are packed in molten salts and ionic liquids