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Language, society and
culture
Language, society and
culture
Is
A form of social identity
Which indicates
Membership of different
Can be influenced
for
It’s a group of people who share a set of It’s a group of people who share a set of norms, rules and expectations regarding the use norms, rules and expectations regarding the use
of languageof language
The science which studies and investigates language
from this perspective is called
Has a
Strong connection with
Antrophology Sociology
Investigation of language and
culture
Crucial roles that language
plays.
are
Varieties of language used by groups
Defined according to
1 Social Classes
2 Education 3 Age
4 Gender
1 Social ClassesCombined
elements from
Place of occupation
Socio-economic status
These two groups have a different pronunciation of the following sounds:
/r/ /ŋ/ /h/
HighHigherer(the higher
socioecomic status: The The
more more (r)(r) soundssounds
LowLowahah(the lower
socioecomic status: the the fewer (fewer (r) r) soundssounds
WalkiWalkingng GoiGoing ng
(Higher class)(Higher class)
SittiSittinndrinkidrinkinn
(Lower class)(Lower class)
HHelloelloHHouseouse
(Higher class)(Higher class)
eello llo oouse use
(lower class)(lower class)
2 EducationDifferences
between
Who go to college
Who don’t go to college
have
Spoken features
Which derive from written language (books)
Use expressions like
“Them boys throwed somethin”
3 AgeEspecially
differences between
Grandparents Grandchildand
4 Gender
Use more prestigious forms: Eg: I done it.
Discuss their personal feelings.
Mention personal experiences.
Less prestigious forms: Eg: I did it.
Prefer no- personal topics such as sports and
news. They respond giving
advice or solution.
Can provoke
Differences in speechDifferences in speech
For example in the case of BLACK ENGLISH VERNACULAR BLACK ENGLISH VERNACULAR (BEV) (BEV) and the frequent absence frequent absence of the form of the verb to be:
They mineThey mineYou crazyYou crazy
The personal dialect of each individual speaker of a language. It differs in some
details.
Related to
Going for a job interview
Eg: Excuse me. Is the Excuse me. Is the manager in his office?manager in his office?
Speaking to a friend
Eg: Hey, is that lazy dog Hey, is that lazy dog still in bed?still in bed?
Formal Very Informal
I am writing to inform you …
Just wanted to let you know…
Related to
is
Eg: abductionabduction AMAAMA
Eg: GarnishmentGarnishment Next friendNext friend
Eg: ActiveXActiveX BitBit