NIGEL THOMAS

S7-B

ROLL NO: 23

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING CHENGANNUR

LONG TERM EVOLUTION(LTE)

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CONTENTS

INTRODUCTIONEVOLUTION OF LTEFEATURES OF LTETECHONOGIES USED IN LTELTE / SAE ARCHITECTUREFUTURE SCOPECONCLUSIONREFERENCES

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INTRODUCTION

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LTE- LATEST MOBILE BROADBAND TECHNOLOGY 3RD GENERATION PARTNERSHIP PROJECT (3GPP) LTE IS ONLY 3.9G NETWORK DEPLOYED IN DECEMBER 2009 BY

TELIASONERA HI-SPEED INTERNET ON THE MOVE!!!

EVOLUTION OF LTE

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FEATURES OF LONG TERM EVOLUTION

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DOWNLINK SPEED : 100 Mbps UPLINK SPEED : 50 Mbps LATENCY : less than 10 ms MOBILITY : upto 360 km/hr CELL SIZE (Range) : upto 100 km BANDWIDTH : 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20 MHz Co-existent with legacy 3GPP and non-3GPP networks Flat , All–IP Architecture Low CAPEX and OPEX

TECHNOLOGIES USED IN LTE

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OFDMA–Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access

OFDMA contd…

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Features of OFDMA Robust to narrow band co-channel interference Helps in QoS and better system spectral efficiency Modulation Schemes: QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAMAdvantages of OFDMA Multi-user Diversity: allows different users to transmit over

different portions of the spectrum Efficient use of spectrum Receiver Simplicity- only FFT processor requiredDrawback of OFDMA High Peak to Average Power Ratio(PAPR)

SC-FDMA (Single Carrier FDMA)

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SC-FDMA is DFT-Spread OFDMA scheme. It has low Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR), hence used as

up-link access scheme.Helps in increasing cell size.Modulation Schemes: QPSK, 16QAM

Transmitter and Receiver

Structure of SC-FDMA

MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) Antenna

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Aims: • To improve SNR • To Share SNR

Types of Transmission:• Spatial Multiplexing• Transmit Diversity• Closed Loop- Linear pre-

coding and Rank Adaptation

Benefits: Increased Capacity,

Coverage and Cell throughput

LTE/SAE Architecture

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eNB eNB

eNB

MME/UPE MME/UPE

S1

X2

X2

X2

EPC

E-UTRAN

MME/UPE = Mobility Management Entity/User Plane EntityeNB = eNodeBEPC = Evolved Packet CoreE-UTRAN= Evolved Universal Terrestrial Access Network

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User Plane Architecture

PDCP –Packet Data Convergence ProtocolRLC- Radio Link ControlMAC- Medium Access ControlPHY- Physical LayerControl Plane Architecture

NAS- Non access Stratum

FUTURE SCOPE

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LTE Advanced = 4G Global standard of Communication Inter-Appliance communication i.e.

communication between electronic

appliances. Voice + Data = 4G

CONCLUSION

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3GPP Long Term Evolution achieves the lightning speed of access, it’s robustness to interference and the high Quality of Service meeting its performance targets using the following technologies, i.e., OFDMA, SC-FDMA, MIMO Antenna, and the simpler E-UTRAN LTE/SAE Architecture.

LTE provides a good foundation in achieving the IMT-Advanced/4G specifications by evolving into the LTE Advanced Technology.

REFERENCES

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[1.]David Astély, Erik Dahlman, Anders Furuskär, Ylva Jading, Magnus Lindström, and Stefan Parkvall, LTE: The Evolution of Mobile Broadband, IEEE Communications Magazine, April 2009, Vol. 47, no. 4, pp. 44 – 51.

[2.] Mamoru Sawahashi, Yoshihisa Kishiyama, Hidekazu Taoka, Motohiro Tanno, and Takehiro Nakamura, Broadband Radio Access: LTE and LTE-Advanced, International Symposium on Intelligent Signal Processing and Communication Systems (ISPACS 2009), Dec. 2009, pp. 224-227.

[3.] www.3gpp.org/lte (accessed on 12/08/2010)

[4.] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3GPP_Long_Term_Evolution (accessed on 12/08/2010)

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