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Primary and secondary successions
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Changes in Ecosystems:.
Ecological Succession
• Do all ecosystems stay the same all the time?
• What are some things that cause changes to ecosystems?–Natural and unnatural (Quickly and
slowly)
Ecological succession
• DEFINITION:
• Series of predictable changes that occur in a community over time. Caused by:– Physical environment– Natural disturbance– Human disturbance
Primary Succession
• Begins in a place without any soil – Sides of volcanoes
– Landslides
– Glacier melting
• Starts with the arrival of living things such as lichens that do not need soil to survive, called PIONEER SPECIES.
Pioneer species
http://www.life.uiuc.edu
http://uisstc.georgetown.edu
http://www.uncw.edu
Primary Succession
Reaching a mature community can
take CENTURIES.
Secondary Succession
• It´s the series of changes that occur in an area where the ecosystem has been disturbed, but where soil and organisms still exist.
• Succession following a disturbance that destroys a community without destroying the soil
• Natural Human disturbance– Hurricane - Farming– Fires - Forest clearing
Secondary succession
• Unlike primary succession, secondary succession occurs in a place where and ecosystem currently exists.
• And occurs more rapidly than primary succession.
http://www.geo.arizona.edu
http://www.ux1.eiu.edu
References:
• http://www.slideshare.net/radhakrishnan1962/ecological-succession-1
• Science explorer Prentice Hall. Environmental Science
CLASSWORK
• PAGE 35