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Potentialities and Potentialities and Problems of Rural Problems of Rural
TourismTourism
Pedro Manuel CravoPedro Manuel CravoPolytechnic Institute of Beja, PortugalPolytechnic Institute of Beja, Portugal
Oviedo, November 10th 2010
Advances in Tourism Research 2010Advances in Tourism Research 2010
The terms:The terms:– spatial planning;spatial planning;– land use planningland use planning;;– town and country planningtown and country planning;;– regional planningregional planning;;– urban planningurban planning..
are often used interchangeably, and will depend are often used interchangeably, and will depend on the country in question or the perspective on the country in question or the perspective used.used.
Spatial PlanningSpatial Planning
There are numerousThere are numerousdefinitions of spatial planning.definitions of spatial planning.
According to the PortugueseAccording to the Portuguese Constitution: Constitution:
Spatial Planning aims to ensure the adequate location of Spatial Planning aims to ensure the adequate location of activities, a balanced social and economic development and activities, a balanced social and economic development and the enhancement of the landscape, and is an essential the enhancement of the landscape, and is an essential responsibility of the State, to be carried out with citizen responsibility of the State, to be carried out with citizen participation, in a framework of sustainable development. participation, in a framework of sustainable development.
Spatial Planning DefinitionSpatial Planning Definition
Functions of Spatial PlanningFunctions of Spatial PlanningIn most developed In most developed countries, spatial planning countries, spatial planning is an important part of the is an important part of the social policy, ensuring that social policy, ensuring that land is used efficiently for land is used efficiently for the benefit of the wider the benefit of the wider economy and population economy and population as well as to protect the as well as to protect the environment.environment.
Spatial Planning andSpatial Planning andRegional DevelopmentRegional Development
• One of spatial planning main goals is the One of spatial planning main goals is the regional development;regional development;
• All the countries show economic differences All the countries show economic differences between its regions:between its regions:– differences in the distribution of income;differences in the distribution of income;– differences in productivity levels;differences in productivity levels;– differences in access to the labour market;differences in access to the labour market;– differences in access to the essential goods and differences in access to the essential goods and
services.services.
• Correction of spatial development disparitiesCorrection of spatial development disparities
And at the Local LevelAnd at the Local Level• To promote entrepreneurship;To promote entrepreneurship;• To develop policies to support SMEs;To develop policies to support SMEs;• The support of Local authorities: The support of Local authorities:
– Reducing local taxes Reducing local taxes – Giving special conditions in local tariffs (water, electricity,Giving special conditions in local tariffs (water, electricity,
…); …); – Creating benefits in the use of land or buildings (rent at low Creating benefits in the use of land or buildings (rent at low
rates); rates); – Constructing public infrastructures (roads, industrial parks,Constructing public infrastructures (roads, industrial parks,
…). …). • To encourage private and mixed networks of interaction;To encourage private and mixed networks of interaction;• To mobilize the endogenous development (local To mobilize the endogenous development (local
productions…).productions…).
Sustainable Tourism Sustainable Tourism DevelopmentDevelopment
• The wise use of resources with a long term The wise use of resources with a long term viewpoint.viewpoint.
• Change as a result of the development is almost Change as a result of the development is almost always inevitable.always inevitable.
• Indeed, economic change at least is often a Indeed, economic change at least is often a highly desired occurrence and often the basic highly desired occurrence and often the basic reason for the development of tourism in the first reason for the development of tourism in the first place.place.
• Changes in the environmental and social/cultural Changes in the environmental and social/cultural realms are also highly likely, if not certain. realms are also highly likely, if not certain.
RuralRuralTourismTourism
PotentialitiesPotentialities
• Preservation of the environment;Preservation of the environment;• Preservation of cultural heritage;Preservation of cultural heritage;• Diversification of the economic base;Diversification of the economic base;• Creation of jobs;Creation of jobs;• Valuing of social groups;Valuing of social groups;• Social, cultural and economic dynamics.Social, cultural and economic dynamics.
Information onInformation on
• Existing tourist circuits and typical itineraries;Existing tourist circuits and typical itineraries;• Available sports and activitiesAvailable sports and activities• Handicrafts, wine, gastronomy and other Handicrafts, wine, gastronomy and other
traditional rural productstraditional rural products• Food and beverage places in the vicinitiesFood and beverage places in the vicinities• Fairs, markets, religious and popular eventsFairs, markets, religious and popular events
Entertainment ActivitiesEntertainment Activities
• Raises the average stay of tourists;Raises the average stay of tourists;• Raises the average spending;Raises the average spending;• Requires investment on equipment and Requires investment on equipment and
infrastructures;infrastructures;• Requires a dynamic management policy;Requires a dynamic management policy;• Has maintenance costs.Has maintenance costs.
PartnershipsPartnerships
• Exchange of ideas and experiences;Exchange of ideas and experiences;• Diminishes the promotional costs;Diminishes the promotional costs;• Allows the identification of a brand image;Allows the identification of a brand image;• Allows the creation of a reservation central;Allows the creation of a reservation central;• Incentives the cooperation in entertainment Incentives the cooperation in entertainment
activities;activities;• Permits technical advisement;Permits technical advisement;• Permits professional training.Permits professional training.
RecommendationsRecommendations
• Change of mentalities;Change of mentalities;• Professionalism;Professionalism;• Benchmarking;Benchmarking;• Explore new markets;Explore new markets;• Use new technologies;Use new technologies;• Strategic partnerships;Strategic partnerships;• Create, develop and explore a good Create, develop and explore a good
brand/product image.brand/product image.
