Reusable lunar lander

Reusable Lunar Lander

JSC-MOD/M. Interbartolo

Agenda

• Introduction• Mass Allocations and Equipment List• Lander Schematics • Flight One and Two Sequence• Lunar Outpost Assembly Sequence and

Crew Rotation• Conclusion

Introduction:Reusable Lander Concept

Concept• Instead of abandoning the Lunar Lander after

ascent each flight reuse for crew change out.• Requires several development components.

– Propellant Transfer Module• Provides Delta V to CEV for LOI since LSAM is no longer

part of TLI stack• Provides Delta V to resupply Lander for descent and ascent• Provides Consumables to CEV and Lander

– Lunar outpost modules that can be stowed in Lander• Based off Single Stage, Dual Hab design

– concept #2 Lunar Surface Access Module Study, RFT0020.05JSC

Phased In approach

• First flight consists of CEV and Lander– Lander performs LOI– Lander deploys first Outpost Module via

attached Flat Bed Transport• Second and subsequent flights consist of

CEV, PTM and Outpost Modules/Resupplies– CEV performs LOI with prop from PTM

Lander

Mass Allocations:Equipment List

Mass Allocations

• Lander: 99,000 lb– Includes 10,000 outpost module capacity

• CEV: 50,000 lb• PTM: 89,000 lb

– Prop for CEV to perform LOI– Prop for Lander Descent and Ascent Resupply– Consumables for Lander

• N2/O2 for cabin represses, Suit cooling H2O

• Outpost Module #X: 10,000 lb max

Propellant Mass Estimates (FWD)Lander Total 99000

Gc = 32.174 ft/s^2Propellant Temp/Press Density

(lbm/ft^3)MR AR [6] Rho_avg

(lbm/ft^3)Thrust

(lbf)ISP CEV

Mass (Wi)(lbm)

DV(fps)

Useable Prop [1]

(%)

Margin [1] [2]

(%)

Ullage [3](%)

LO2 (OMS) 162R / 250 psia 62.11 32310.0 5.3CH4 (OMS) 170R / 250 psia 23.22 9502.9 5.3

LO2 (RCS) 162R / 250 psia 62.11 0.0 5.3CH4 (RCS) 170R / 250 psia 23.22 0.0 5.3

Total Propellant Weight 41812.9 4 tanks per propellantTotal Tank Weight 1615.4 8.31 [ft] NTO tank LengthTotal Prop plus Tank Weight 43428.3 6.82 [ft] MMH tank length LANDER PERFORMING LOI

Total Helium Weight 1313.4 1 tanks per propellantTotal Helium Tank Weight 1643.2 5.82 [ft] NTO He tank diameterTotal Helium plus Tank Wt 2956.5 5.37 [ft] MMH He tank diameter

Total He, Prop, & Tank Wt 46384.8

Lander Wet Mass Post LOI 55873.7



(lbm/ft^3)Thrust

(lbf)ISP CEV

Mass (Wi)(lbm)

DV(fps)

Useable Prop [1]

(%)

Margin [1] [2]

(%)

Ullage [3](%)



Total Propellant Weight 24339.7 2 tanks per propellantTotal Tank Weight 912.2 9.45 [ft] NTO tank LengthTotal Prop plus Tank Weight 25251.9 7.72 [ft] MMH tank length LANDER PERFORMING DESCENT

Total Helium Weight 764.5 1 tanks per propellantTotal Helium Tank Weight 1152.0 4.86 [ft] NTO He tank diameterTotal Helium plus Tank Wt 1916.5 4.48 [ft] MMH He tank diameter


Lander Wet Mass Post Landing 20769.5and post Module Deploy 10000



(lbm/ft^3)Thrust

(lbf)ISP CEV

Mass (Wi)(lbm)

DV(fps)

Useable Prop [1]

(%)

Margin [1] [2]

(%)

Ullage [3](%)



Total Propellant Weight 9047.6 1 tanks per propellantTotal Tank Weight 361.1 7.37 [ft] NTO tank LengthTotal Prop plus Tank Weight 9408.7 6.08 [ft] MMH tank length

LANDER PERFORMING ASCENTTotal Helium Weight 284.2 1 tanks per propellantTotal Helium Tank Weight 603.5 3.49 [ft] NTO He tank diameterTotal Helium plus Tank Wt 887.6 3.22 [ft] MMH He tank diameter


Lander Dry Mass (excludes Prop tanks) 5150.5

LO2 and MethaneWp

(lbm)

3.4 150 44.99 900 362 149000 3600 98.0% 3.5% 41812.9

3.2 60 44.40 100 345 149000 0 100.0% 3.5% 0.0

LO2 and MethaneWp

(lbm)

3.4 150 44.99 900 362 55873.7 6200 98.0% 3.5% 24339.7

3.2 60 44.40 100 345 55873.7 0 100.0% 3.5% 0.0

LO2 and MethaneWp

(lbm)

3.4 150 44.99 900 362 20769.5 6200 98.0%

345 20769.5 0 100.0%3.2 60 44.40 100 3.5% 0.0

3.5% 9047.6

If estimates are correct only 5150 lb for all Lander systems except prop wet mass

Propellant Mass Estimates (Back)Gc = 32.174 ft/s^2Propellant Temp/Press Density


(lbm/ft^3)Thrust

(lbf)ISP CEV Mass

(Wf)(lbm)

DV(fps)

Useable Prop [1]

(%)

Margin [1] [2]

(%)

Ullage [3](%)

Volume(FT3)

LO2 (OMS)162R / 250 psia 62.11 10982.7 5.3 186.20CH4 (OMS)170R / 250 psia 23.22 3230.2 5.3 146.49

LO2 (RCS)162R / 250 psia 62.11 0.0 5.3 0.00CH4 (RCS)170R / 250 psia 23.22 0.0 5.3 0.00

Total Propellant Weight 14212.9 3 tanks per propellantTotal Tank Weight 3819.2 27.36 [ft] NTO tank LengthTotal Prop plus Tank Weight 18032.2 21.81 [ft] MMH tank length Lander Performs Ascent

Lander RNDZ Burnout weight 20,000Total Helium Weight 1225.2 1 tanks per propellant Lander pre Ascent 35,438Total Helium Tank Weight 1569.8 5.68 [ft] NTO He tank diameterTotal Helium plus Tank Wt 2795.1 5.25 [ft] MMH He tank diameter




(lbm/ft^3)Thrust

(lbf)ISP CEV Mass

(Wf)(lbm)

DV(fps)

Useable Prop [1]

(%)

Margin [1] [2]

(%)

Ullage [3](%)

Volume(FT3)



Total Propellant Weight 32290.3 3 tanks per propellantTotal Tank Weight 3819.2 27.36 [ft] NTO tank Length Lander Performs DescentTotal Prop plus Tank Weight 36109.6 21.81 [ft] MMH tank length Lander Payload 10,000

Lander Touchdown weight 45,438Total Helium Weight 1225.2 1 tanks per propellant Lander pre Deorbit Burn 78,954Total Helium Tank Weight 1569.8 5.68 [ft] NTO He tank diameterTotal Helium plus Tank Wt 2795.1 5.25 [ft] MMH He tank diameter




(lbm/ft^3)Thrust

(lbf)ISP CEV Mass

(Wf)(lbm)

DV(fps)

Useable Prop [1]

(%)

Margin [1] [2]

(%)

Ullage [3](%)

Volume(FT3)



Total Propellant Weight 46731.2 3 tanks per propellantTotal Tank Weight 3819.2 27.36 [ft] NTO tank Length Lander Performs LOI BurnTotal Prop plus Tank Weight 50550.4 21.81 [ft] MMH tank length Trans Lunar Stack 176,910

Post LOI Burn 128,954Total Helium Weight 1225.2 1 tanks per propellant TLI Constraint 149,000Total Helium Tank Weight 1569.8 5.68 [ft] NTO He tank diameter Lander Allocation 99000Total Helium plus Tank Wt 2795.1 5.25 [ft] MMH He tank diameter Margin -27,910


3.5% 0.0

LO2 and MethaneWp

(lbm)

3.5% 46731.2

3.2 60 44.40 100 345 128954 0 100.0%

362 128954 3600 98.0%3.4 150 44.99 900

3.5% 0.0

3.5% 32290.3

3.2 60 44.40 100 345 45438 0 100.0%

362 45438 6250 98.0%3.4 150 44.99 900

3.5% 0.0

LO2 and MethaneWp

(lbm)

3.5% 14212.9

3.2 60 44.40 100 345 20000 0 100.0%

LO2 and MethaneWp

(lbm)

3.4 150 44.99 900 362 20000 6250 98.0%

Includes 50,000 for CEV

Lander Systems• Propulsion

– 4 +Z Direction 10Klb engines• Lunar Descent and Ascent

– 4 +X Direction 10lkb engines • For LOI and Deorbit Burn• Allows for g loads eyeballs in for LOI

– 4 RCS Quads located on Engine Pods• 870 lb engines for attitude control and translation

– 4 RCS Tris located on Engine Pods• 870 lb engines for attitude control and translation

– Tanks not optimized for size and shape• 3 He tanks • 7 Lox tanks• 7 CH4 tanks

Lander Systems• GNC

– 3 IMUs– 2 Star Camera for IMU alignments– RNDZ Sensors

• IROC• SROC• LROC• Lidar• Aux Computers for image processing• Transponders for comm with CEV or outpost• Sensor redundancy is covered by the CEV that can rescue Lander for failed rndz

– Descent Sensors• Ground Proximity sensors• Ground Radar

• Power– Solar Arrays

• It may be possible to oversize solar arrays such that post landing crew can remove arrays for use in outpost solar array farm

– Battery backup for night pass and supplement arrays during peak loading– Three redundant buses

Lander Systems• DPS

– 3 Computers– BIUS– AUX computers for rndz sensor navigation– 1553 Data Bus

• ECLSS– Consumables to support two cabin depress/repress

cycles• Nominally should only require one depress post descent and

then repress for ascent– Suit Cooling and Recharge capabilities– Resupply consumables from PTM

Lander Schematics

Lander

Descent/Ascent Cockpit with LIDS

Lunar Orbit Insertion/ Deorbit Engines (10klb):

QTY 4, 2 per AFT Pod

Lunar Descent/Ascent Engine (10klb): QTY 4

1 per Pod

RCS Quad

Engines (870 lb)

Lunar Outpost Module on Flatbed

Solar Array PanelsPropellant tanks

Descent/Ascent Consumables tanks

Propellant Pressurization tanks

RMS

Landing Gear:

4 Struts per Pod

RCS TRI

Engines

AFT Engine Pods

Gimbaled 10 klb Engine

RCS Tri 870 lb

RCS Quad

870 lbTwo Gimbaled 10 klb Engines

+X

+Z+Y

AFT Engine Pods Internal

Gimbal Electronics

RCS Driver Electronics

Battery BIU

FWD Engine Pods

Gimbaled 10lkb Engine

RCS Tri 870 lb

RCS Quad

870 lb

+X

+Z

+Y

FWD Engine Pods Internal

RNDZ Sensor Electronics

RCS Driver Electronics

Battery BIU

Gimbal Electronics

IROC Sensor (port pod)

SROC Sensor (starboard pod)

LROC Sensor

(port pod)

LIDAR (starboard pod) RNDZ Aux

Computer

Ground Proximity Sensor

Cockpit Internal Side View

Lids

O2 Tank

N2 Tank

Propellant Transfer Lines

Cockpit Displays

Ground Radar

Computer

Porch and Ladder in Stowed Position

Crew member in Eva Suit for Landing

Star Tracker

IMU

Cockpit Forward Facing

GND Radar

Propellant tanks


Star Tracker Doors

O2 TankN2

TankGround Radar

Electronics

IMUsH2OTank

Computers

Star Tracker Assemblies

Lids Transfer connections

FU

OX

He

ECLSS

Stowage

Computer

Stowage

Lander Forward FacingSolar Array Panels

RNDZ Sensors

RNDZ Sensors

GND Radar

Porch and Ladder in Stowed Position

Propellant tanks


RCS Quad

Landing Gear 4 per Pod Descent/Ascent

Engine

Star Tracker Doors

Flat bed Transport

Battery Electric Drive

Plow attachment for regolith movement

RMS

Flat Bed Attach Point

Transport can be used without flat bed for rover ops

ComputerSolar Array Panel

Suit O2 Supply tank for extended rover ops

Outpost Solar Array Panel stowed in Flatbed

Suit H2O Supply tank for extended rover ops

Hatch to non- pressurized cockpit

Flight Sequence:Flights Ones and Two

Flight One

Lander performs Lunar Orbit Insertion with 4 AFT Engines

Flight One

Lander Lands on surface

Flight One

Lander Releases Outpost Module and flat bed

Outpost ModuleAirlock

Rover cockpit

RMS

Flight One

flat bed deploys Outpost Module with RMS

Lunar Regolith for Shielding

Flight Two

CEV2 with Crew Rotation

PTM with DeltaV for LOI and Lander resupply

Outpost Module #2

CEV2 Performs Lunar orbit Insertion

Flight TwoCEV2 with Crew Rotation

PTM with DeltaV for LOI and Lander resupply

Outpost Module #2

CEV2 Station keeps with CEV1 awaiting Lander

CEV1

Flight One Termination

Crew egresses outpost and takes off in Lander


Solar Array Farm

Crew RotationCEV2 with Crew Rotation

CEV2 Station keeps with CEV1

Lander docks to outpost module #2

CEV1



Lander grapples outpost module #2CEV1

Crew Rotation



Lander with outpost module #2 grappled undocks at PTM separation planeCEV1

Crew Rotation



Lander stows outpost module #2CEV1



Lander redocks with PTM

PTM resupplies Lander with propellant and consumables

CEV2 crew modes CEV2 to loiter and ingresses PTM

CEV1

Crew RotationCEV2


Lander undocks with CEV2 at CEV separation plane

CEV2 crew flies Lander while CEV1 crew loiters in PTM

CEV1

Crew RotationCEV2


Lander docks with CEV1 with PTM attached

CEV1 crew powers up CEV1

CEV1

Crew Rotation

CEV2


Lander undocks with CEV1 at PTM separation plane

CEV1 crew preps CEV1 for TEI

CEV2 crew performs Lunar Descent in Lander

CEV1

Flight Two Lunar Surface

Crew egresses Lander and ingresses flat Bed


Solar Array Farm


Flat bed extracts Outpost Module #2 from Lander



Flat bed installs Outpost Module #2


Lunar Outpost:Assembly Sequence and Crew Rotation

Lunar Outpost

1 2

3

4

5

N1 N2Airlock

Solar Array Farm

Regolith Berm for radiation shielding

Mini Supply Module

Node

Two Landers allows 8 person Outpost crew rotating 4 crew members every 3 months

Future Add-on Point

Future Add-on Point

Node

Assembly Sequence and Crew Rotations [Jan 2016-April 2017]

Crew 1 Crew 2 Crew 2

Crew 3 Crew 3

Crew 4 Crew 4

Airlock & Outpost Module #1

Outpost Module #2 Outpost Module #2

Node 1 & MSM Node 1 & MSM


CEV #1 CEV #2 CEV #2

CEV #3 CEV #3

CEV #4 CEV #4

Lander #1 Lander #1 Lander #1

Lander #2 Lander #2

Lander #1 Lander #1

PTM #1 PTM # 1 PTM #2 PTM #2

JAN 2016 APR 2016 JULY 2016 OCT 2016 JAN 2017 APR 2017

Crew 5

CEV #5

Lander #2

Outpost Module #4

PTM #3

Assembly Sequence and Crew Rotations [Jan 2017-April 2018]

Crew 4 Crew 6 Crew 6

Crew 7 Crew 7

Crew 8 Crew 8

Outpost Module#3

Outpost Module #5

CEV #4 CEV #6 CEV #6

CEV #7 CEV #7

CEV #8 CEV #8

Lander #1 Lander #1 Lander #1

Lander #2 Lander #2

Lander #1 Lander #1

PTM #4

JAN 2017 APR 2017 JULY 2017 OCT 2017 JAN 2018 APR 2018

Crew 5 Crew 5

CEV #5 CEV #5

Lander #2 Lander #2


Node 2 & MSMNode 2 & MSM

Outpost Module #5

PTM #2

PTM #3 PTM #3 PTM #4

NOTE:

It may be possible to send a third Lander with Node 2 & MSM which could be used for surface flying. Would also need surface refueling capability which could be Crew 8’s payload.

Conclusion

Total Mass Rollup• Prop Dry: 10,000 lb excluding valves/manifolds• GNC: 100 lb• DPS: 200 lb excluding wiring• Power: 2,000 lb• LIDS: 1,000 lb• Crew: 1,280 lb (4 crew, suits and accommodations)• RMS: 1000 lb• ECLSS: ?• Structure: ?• ATCS: ?• Total: CBE 20,000 (15,580 + ?) not including 10,000 for OM (outpost

module)• Lander total:

– CBE+ OM+PROP (fwd) = 107500 (8,500 Negative Margin)• Prop wet mass for Lander: ~77500

– CBE+ OM+PROP (Back) = 126,910 (28,000 Negative Margin)• Prop wet mass for Lander: ~96,910

Conclusion

• Reusable Lander is Not closed Design– Significant Negative Margin (8,500-28,000)

• Limits of current design– Based on limited tools from Smart Buyer Effort

• Prop Sizing Generic 6.xls for prop budget • CEV SBT Master Workbook for equipment mass

– Based on limited engineering development• MOD notional concept based on Smart Buyer experience

• Is concept viable?– Necessitates further study

Technology

Reusable lunar lander