Roadroid app user guide 0.9.8-classic

User guide, Roadroid Classic app (1.4.x) – October 2014

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Response Type Measurement System to measure IRI at IQL3 with a smartphone

The Roadroid app for android smartphones registers the vibrations from the road and

estimates (eIRI) and calculates (cIRI) the International Roughness Index (IRI) at IQL3. The app

use the phones GPS to save Longitude, Latitude, Speed and Altitude of the data. Spatial data

can be exported in shape format. The app also use the camera to take GPS-tagged photos of

the road. Collected data is uploaded to a web service. This service is described in a separate

user guide, where you can log-in to download your files or view the data on internet maps.

Some benefits with Roadroid is:

- easy to use: no need of expert calibrations or operations

- cost efficient: a) use a standard smartphone and a standard vehicle (no special car) and b) it

can be operated by the driver (no need for extra operator).

- highly portable - its easy to bring anywhere and runs on its battery for hours.

- durable - rarely breaks, and there is no expensive o rare spare parts

- fast - upload to web and view on map within an hour.

- flexible - download your files in preferred segment lengths for import to Excel or RMMS.

Compared to IQL4 (visual inspections): Roadroid reduce time and increase quality of your work. If

you already do IQL1 (laser profilometers): Roadroid can cover large areas frequently at low cost –

and you can plan your detailed IQL1 surveys from the Roadroid input. A continuous data collection

also enables to get early warnings, monitor climate effects and identify road condition changes.


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Quick start guide Use a Samsung Galaxy S2, S2+, S3, S4, S5, Note, Note2, LG G3 or a Huawei Y300 with OS greater than

4.x. Download the installation file at www.roadroid.com/app/roadroid.apk. NOTE: You need to email

us your phones IMEI-number to approve import of your data. And you need to get a user login to the

Road Data Management at www.roadroid.com to access your data details.

Mount the phone car rack in the front window. Make sure you have a stable bracket; the original Samsung devices are often good. Fit it so it is easy to reach and tap on the display.

Mount the phone as straight (vertically or horizontally) as possible. Adjust the rack so that the camera display the road (Tip – open the phones cam to find a suitable angle).

Start the Roadroid application, and press "Ok" in the display settings box. Make sure at first use to

set a user ID (your email), phone and vehicle type. A non-valid email address is colored in red.

Use Android menu button to open settings. cIRI sensitivity can be tuned for each vehicle type.

eIRI can be set for three different vehicle types as:

a) Small car/business van

b) Medium/big sedan/station wagon or estate

c) 4WD jeep type = as Toyota Hilux or Nissan King Cab

Use standard cars: Avoid mini-cars, sport suspension, unbalanced or low profile tires etc.

http://www.roadroid.com/app/roadroid.apk

http://www.roadroid.com/


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Press the yellow “fitting” button. Set the X, Y and Z as close to = 0 as possible by adjusting the bracket in position, press OK. Loose the bracket screw to make the rough setting and tighten it to tune. Go back from calibration mode with androids “back-button”.

Press “Start/stop sampling” (the button turns red). Measurement starts now if the GPS signal is

available (stand still to receive a GPS-signal, this may take a minute for some locations).

Sampling eIRI requires a speed between 20 - 100 km/h (Tip: Pass speed bumps below 20 km/h to

exclude them from the survey). eIRI has a speed compensator designed for paved roads.

cIRI is collected in the same speed interval, but needs a fixed speed. The adjustable cIRI sensitivity

constant need to be set for the specific vehicle, speed and road type. For a paved road it should be

collected at 60-90 km/h to be as accurate as possible. You can also set the calculation segment length

of choice.

Tip: To take GPS-photos – simply touch the colored scale/bar indicating the roughness.

When your survey is complete, press the Start/stop sampling again to stop measurement. If possible

Note date and time and eventual comments to keep track of your saved files.

Use settings->Upload to transfer the files to server (always make this operation when you access a

good data connection.

Drive carefully and use a consistent speed while surveying. For gravel this can be down to 30 or 40

km/h, on DBST/Flexible it should not exceed 60 km/h and on better paved or concrete roads it

should be 70-90 km/h.

Don’t operate the app and drive at the same time!


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Content

Quick start guide ..................................................................................................................................... 2

Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 6

1 - The app ............................................................................................................................................... 9

1.1 An overview ................................................................................................................................... 9

1.2 The startup view ............................................................................................................................ 9

1.3 Settings menu .............................................................................................................................. 10

FTP Password ................................................................................................................................. 10

Vehicle type ................................................................................................................................... 10

cIRI Segment Length, ..................................................................................................................... 11

Show/Hide add remove bump seconds. ....................................................................................... 11

Visible Bump Buttons, ................................................................................................................... 11

Remove bump seconds ................................................................................................................. 11

Lock Screen orientation ................................................................................................................. 11

Dark theme ................................................................................................................................... 11

Color Values Speed Range, ............................................................................................................ 11

Note! .............................................................................................................................................. 11

1.4 Upload data ................................................................................................................................. 11

1.4 View samples ............................................................................................................................... 14

1.4 Accelerometer info ...................................................................................................................... 15

1.5 Exit ............................................................................................................................................... 15

1.6 About ........................................................................................................................................... 15

1.7 Pick Image / Video function ........................................................................................................ 16

1.8 Calibration routine ...................................................................................................................... 17

1.10 Other information ..................................................................................................................... 19

1.10.1 Using other telephone functions during measuring .......................................................... 19

1.10.2 Known problems and attentions ........................................................................................ 19

1.10.3 Use of two unit in one vehicle ............................................................................................ 20

1.11 The Road inventory app ............................................................................................................ 21


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Introduction This guide is covering the Android smartphone application for Roadroid Classic (1.4).

OBSERVE: This user guide assumes basic knowledge of Android phones and operating system. Please advise your phones user guide or tutorials on the internet if you are unsure of how the Android operating system is working. During end of 2014 the development will proceed with a PRO version (2.x) of the app for new Android OS (5.x) and a few premium smartphones (as Samsung S5). There will also be a Crowd version of the app released during 2015. The crowd version will be simpler, and for all types of android phones and available on Google Play. The Classic version of the app will still be available for some time ahead, but not further developed. Please use following documents for information you cannot find here:

1) Essential guide - covering the principles of the Roadroid app and the internet based Road Data Management System (RDMS).

2) The reference project sheet to learn more about the system at whole, some reference projects/user cases and a short history of Roadroid company.

3) User guide for RDMS (still under work dec 2014). 4) User guide for the Road inventory application (still under work dec 2014).

Documents should be found at www.roadroid.com, and please also find our updates at:

- Linked in: www.linkedin.com/company/roadroid - Twitter: www.twitter.com/roadroid - Facebook: www.facebook.com/roadroid - Slideshare: http://www.slideshare.net/LarsForslf/presentations

Roadroid is a modern, easy and cost efficient way for road roughness data collection! The eIRI correlation is developed from paved roads and Swedish IQL1 IRI measurements from these roads. It has a setting for three type vehicles and a speed compensation between 20-100 km/h. The correlation of eIRI towards IQL is about 80% [M R Schlotjes, A Visser, C Bennet. Evaluation of a smart phone roughness meter, University of Pretoria]. This report states that accuracy is satisfactory for IQL 3 keeping a consistent speed and vehicle type. The accuracy of eIRI is depending on road surface type, and it is sensitive for micro roughness. For instance, rough gravel roads will give high readings and the speed compensation will not work properly. eIRI is also sensitive for sudden impacts, as hitting a pothole or a bridge joint. cIRI should be seen as a possibly more accurate way of using Roadroid and uses the Quarter Car System formula (QCS).

cIRI needs to be used in a fixed speed with the same vehicle type to be accurate.

cIRI sensitivity needs to be tuned by setting the cIRI vehicle sensitivity and the cIRI calculation section length for your purposes. These settings might need to be different depending on road type you are surveying.

http://www.roadroid.com/

http://www.linkedin.com/company/roadroid

http://www.twitter.com/roadroid

http://www.facebook.com/roadroid

http://www.slideshare.net/LarsForslf/presentations


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You should work out these settings by using calibration test tracks with a known IRI reference. Preferably you work out a table as per below for a specific car model and for a specific road type:

Both eIRI and cIRI readings will be saved so you can use the non-adjustable eIRI as a reference to the cIRI-readings.

Roadroid is also using the phones built in camera to easily take GPS-tagged photos of the road. These photos can be transferred to the map and shown as clickable thumbnails at the location of the photo.

Car model X Asphalt Gravel Eart/dirtSpeed 80 km/h 60 km/h 40 km/h cIRI-sensitivity 1,6 2,0 2,5cIRI length 20 m 100 m 200 m


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Roadroid ca also preferably be used with a HD-Video camera with GPS tracking. There are several good GPS-Video cameras on the market, as Contour 2+ and Garmin.


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1 - The app

1.1 An overview

1.2 The startup view At first app opening after installation, a EULA information need to be accepted. Then at each startup

the first information/setting screen need to be confirmed (to confirm that your settings are valid,

device and vehicle type etc are correct).

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1.3 Settings menu Using the menu button will open Roadroid menu, where you can choose “Settings”. Advice an

Android manual if you cannot find it (again, this is not an Android OS user guide).

On most phones the “overflow” menu opens by the three small dots up right, but it may also be

activated by the menu button (old phones) or by long pressing the “recent button” on new phones.

First time of use you need to add an User Equipment ID – your email address. It will be saved and

uploaded in the ID file together with the data, and helps Roadroid to identify uploaded datasets

(IMEI number is also collected in the ID file).

You also need to choose the available Android device types. It is important to make a correct choice, as we run all models in a laboratory shaker to define its accelerometers sensitivity.

Good to know: The strength of the vibration signal can vary allot between different models and OS versions. So we run

each model in a shaker to find out its sensitivity. The “Enable HTTP-upload” is checked from start. It is possible also to use FTP for file transfers but some network administrators does not allow FTP. FTP Password let you change password (don’t change without instructions from Roadroid). Vehicle type lets you set a) Small car/business van as Renault Kangoo or b) a Medium/big sedan/station wagon or estate as = Volvo V70 or c) a 4WD jeep type = as Toyota Hilux or Nissan King Cab. This setting affect only the eIRI-value (not cIRI). The bicycle setting is for a customized bike trolley.

The bicycle algorithm is very different, as the trolley used is much more sensitive. Do not use the

Bicycle setting without a dialogue with Roadroid.

The cIRI Vehicle Sensitivity is used to tune the sensitivity of the cIRI algorithm. cIRI calculates the

IRI with the original quarter car system (QCS) formula (while eIRI is estimates from linear conversion

formula). This option will enable to calibrate your cIRI data to a known reference (as an IQL1

calibration test section). To make this you need to try different settings, upload your data, download

the sectioned text file, import to excel or proval to compare with the reference and adjust your

settings.

The cIRI sensitivity also have an adjustable cIRI segment length with the default of 20 m, but it is

available in mm per 50, 100 or 1000 meter. Learn more about the QCS in [Michael W. Sayers, Thomas

D. Gillespie, and Cesar A. V. Queiroz, “The International Road Roughness Experiment: Establishing

Correlation and a Calibration Standard for measurements,” World Bank Technical paper number 45,

Washington DC, 1986].


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Both eIRI and cIRI is displayed in the Roadroid app interface while running the app, and have a green

indicator in the active app when it is within correct speed limit.

Show/Hide add remove bump seconds.

To be used on good roads, where you pass a pothole without registering it – you touch “Add bump”.

If you accidently hit like a cat eye reflex or road line marking that’s not a bump, use “Rem. Bump”.

Visible Bump Buttons, select to add the add/remove bump buttons in the UI.

Remove bump seconds, setting the amount of seconds you want to discard when pressing “Rem. Bump”. The function can be used if you hit a road lane reflex, speed bump, bridge joint or other things you do not like to record to you data set. Observe when pressing “Rem. Bump” the measurement file splits in two – and the second on will have a new date/time stamp. Note: The measurement file will also split in two if the file size exceeds 300 kB of data, for redundancy and data loss reasons. Lock Screen orientation will not use the automatically sensed phone angle (vertically or horizontally). It is unlocked in default, and if you drive a rough road, hits a big bump or use the bicycle trolley - this function can stop the measurement and wants you to re-calibrate. By locking the screen orientation this will not occur.

The Play sound setting can activate a “pling” sound when hitting a registered black bump. It can be used to make a note when collecting single bumps or potholes on a high quality road - but it gets annoying driving a poor road. The Show Values Info is displaying - or not - info as speed, altitude etc while surveying.

Dark theme, marking the checkbox the user interface will appear in a dark style and unmarking the

checkbox will apply a light theme.

Color Values Speed Range, marking this checkbox will show eIRI and cIRI with with green color

when correct speed is in range and red color when speed is out of the correct range.

To change some settings you will need to restart the app.

1.4 Upload data To upload data it is advisable to be connected to a stable WiFi connection. In most cases GSM/3G will

work for data transfer, but try to use as good connection as possible especially while uploading

photos. Interruptions can cause upload problems and in worst case corrupt a datafile.


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Connect to your WiFi as normal with your Androids WiFI connector. When connected go to Android

menu button and choose “Upload”.

The upload sequence is divided in two – Data or Media. Data is maximally 300 kB chunks of text data,

and often smaller files as a new file saved each time you press Start/stop (or Rem. Bump).

Media is transferring the photos taken, and a single photo can be 600 kb – 2 MB of data (be careful

using the photo function – it allocate allot of space on your phone and web).

Note! If you are uploading media always use a high bandwidth and stable WiFi connection!

When HTTP/FTP has started it will continue in the background until its finished. By examine the

notification (upper left corner in display) the user can view the progress of the job. The progress is

per file, if it is several files - it will be several processes.

When the upload is finished a success message will occur in the notification. If there is some problem

with the upload, an error message (exception) will be set in the notification instead.

An example list of possible exceptions:

SocketException - a socket/port cannot be created

UnknownHostException - the host cannot be found via DNS

IOException - input/output error

Exception - a general error for unkown errors

Null - a big/fatal error

The notifications text can also view an error code with a short explanation of the message the FTP

server returns. For example, wrong password will give the code ”530” and message ”Login or

password incorrect!” as error code and explanation message. A complete list of FTP return codes an

be found here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_FTP_server_return_codes

When the Data button is pressed:

1. files in the /arq/data folder are compressed to one file and moved to the /arq folder.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_FTP_server_return_codes


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2. the Roadroid app HTTP/FTP -function upload starts, and lastly

3. if the file transfer was successful the zipped file is moved to /arq/backup.


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When the Media button is pressed:

1. all files in the /arq/img folder are moved to the /arq folder on the sdcard.

2. the HTTP/FTP upload job starts

3. if the file transfer was successful the file is moved to /arq/backup.

This repeats for every media file.

If the upload job is incomplete it will continue the next time the upload is running. The files will be

stuck in the /arq folder until they successfully are transferred. This is for redundancy, so no data will

be lost. Data files and Media files does not disturb each other (a media file cannot block a data file).

Files can be transferred/moved/removed manually through a cable to your PC and by the file

manager. Go into the file manager, open the folder "/arq" and copy your files to your PC if you want

to make your own backup.

If there is no transfer attempt done the data files are located in uncompressed form in the

"/arq/data” directory (the data files are "gps*.txt" and "ueid.txt").

Saved data files are encrypted (not the photos), and will be automatically decrypted at the web

import process, don’t use any other methods then the normal HTTP/FTP transfer.

1.5 View samples Shows a screen with x, y and z gravity values for the accelerometer samples and the current sample

rate (normally around 100 Hz).


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1.6 Accelerometer info Shows a small dialog with information about the accelerometer.

1.7 Exit Exit from the Roadroid app can be made through Android menu -> Exit. Or by back button twice.

1.8 About

Under about you will find some general info, what version you are running, addresses, credits and a short instruction. Under recent changes you will find release notes since 2011-12-10 (version 1.0.4). The app makes a check at every new start-up if there is a newer version available. A network must available for this to work. If you want to force a new start-up of the app you need to clean the app out of current RAM by removing the app out of the recents app menu. From 2015 the development will be split in a PRO version of the app – and a crowd version. The Classic will remain for some time.


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1.9 Pick Image function The Roadroid app supports your Android phones built-in camera - to take a GPS-tagged photo and

use as positioned thumbnail on the map when you're logged in to the Roadroid web.

The "quick pick" function stores images named as the current X and Y coordinate, and use the

phones highest possible resolution and best case compression and to take a quick picture while

measuring simply touch the colored bump scale. A text message will tell if photo was successful or

not. The photos are saved in the /arq/img folder.

The quickpick photo function is meant to easily visually capture a situation at a specific place at a

specific time. For instance to approximate road width, if snow was removed, if the pavement have

cracks or patching, and if the shoulder and if the roadsides seems to be OK..


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1.10 Calibration routine The particular phone (type and OS) need to undergo a basic ”one-time” investigation to find out

about its internal accelerometer sensitivity. This is done in our Roadroid lab and outside of the

application.

Before starting a measurement you need to ensure that you have set the correct device (phone

model and OS) and vehicle type selected in settings.

After pressing the yellow button ”Fitting” the operator needs to make a vertical fitting. It is not

possible to start measurements without doing this. This is made to ensure that the telephone is

correctly mounted vertically.

The fitting screen has 3 values that needs to be fit close to 0. The values turns green when you are

done. Follow the directions on this screen to perform the fitting.

It is important to place the vehicle on flat ground do the fitting as accurate as possible.


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You can re-calibrate or view the samples at any time later on by pressing the Calibrate button again

which gives the following choices:

"Re-calibrate" - redo the calibration.

"Back" - returns with no action, and

"View samples" - can be used if the measurement to study the vibrations signals.

If the "Calibrate" button is green and calibration is done correctly, you can now start a measurement.

A system calibration can also be done, to ensure the accelerometer and gyro is condition. This operation car vary between models and OS-version. Look in your the Android Settings -> Display –> Calibration or “My device” and “Motion and gestures”. Place your unit on flat ground and follow the instructions on screen.

It is important that the unit is mounted in a stable holder - firmly fixed and mounted against the windshield.

Mounting and removing the device in the cradle is made as by the original description. Fit the unit in so the camera lens monitors the road.

1.11 Other information

1.11.1 Using other telephone functions during measuring

It is theoretically possible to use other functions in the phone as long as the position is fixed and you

are not generating vibrations handling the phone. But in practice this should be avoided. The

hardware cost is small, and it is advisable to have a dedicated phone for the measurements.

Putting Roadroid in the background can be made by pressing the home button. A notification will be

showed in the notification bar, that Roadroid run in the background. You can now for instance view

Google maps to see where you are.

Note: Roadroid is not scheduled as a hard real-time process so other taxing activities can be harmful

for the measurements. The Roadroid application can eventually stall in the background and stop

recoding data. It recommended to keep Roadroid in the background only short, and have continuous

control over its operation.

1.11.2 Known problems and attentions

Some units can be over heated – in warm/sunny situations. Make sure to use your Air condition! The

charger generates heat, so try to run your survey on battery if you experience heat problems. Some

users made a simple hard paper cover to protect the unit from direct sun.

If it is not to hot - the device needs charging to work during longer periods. The measurements and

GPS-use consumes energy, and some phone models tend to decrease processing power on battery

save function. Always charge the phone over night before a day of surveying.


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The fitting procedure must be redone if the phone is turned, stop the vehicle and re-do the fitting.

In some cars, driving in low gear, the engine/transmission gives a vibration that results in unwanted

indications on the measurement. Keep pull mode, do not let the engine chop at low speeds.

At some condition using the window wiper on a dry windshield generates vibrations through the

bracket and down to the phone/accelerometer - affecting the readings.

IMPORTANT: Always use a car with balanced tires! Vibrations from unbalanced wheels can

show suddenly in speeds of 90-100 km/h and ruin all data collected.

Always drive with attention!

Make changes and operations only when vehicle stand still!

1.11.3 Use of two units in one vehicle

It is possible to collect IRI right and IRI left using two devices simultaneously - one on each side of the

vehicle.

The installation location of side of the vehicle affects the signal strength. The signal will be stronger

on the right side when driving over a bump/pothole only with the right wheels and vice versa. And

mormally the road is rougher on the outer side of the road.

Using one unit in the middle will give an average but will be less sensitive for small on wheel bumps

as potholes. Mid mounting of unit might be more suitable be used on gravel roads.

Keep track of file names and IMEI numbers to be able to sort out the extracted data.

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1.11 The Road inventory app The road inventory app use the same technical framework as the Roadroid app – saving a position

and certain parameter every second.

But, the Road inventory app is using an ocular and manual input instead of sensor data. It is a

support to make visual inspections and road inventory instead of using pen and paper.

This app needs an active operator while driving along the road. It is preferably used on a 7-8 inch Android tab. The available parameters to log is collected from established global standards, but actually forced to be stated in 4 levels: Low, OK, Med, High facilitating use the same color legends also in the internet map. The app use several views to handle some 15-20 inventory parameters. But not more than 3-4 can practically be recorded manually at the same time. By pressing a parameter it activates sampling of the parameter and you start logging. You actively need to watch the road and make continuous changes of the parameters. Data is saved in text files and transferred with same logics as the Roadroid app. And, it is using the same internet map, with the parameters as layers in the GIS view - and same possibilities to aggregate the data in 100 meter sections.

As the option often is “pen and papers” or a laptop PC solution, this is a flexible and powerful way of

collecting ocular data. It reduces time for inspection – but before all allot of time when you want to


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gather and aggregate your data.

The parameters in the version 1.0 of the app, released the 24:t November 2014 will have following

parameters:

<!—Average condition -->

<item>Pavement </item>

<item>Cracking </item>

<item>Gravel </item>

<item>Earth road </item>

<item>Drainage condition</item>

<!—Paved roads -->

<item>Rutting</item>

<item>Cracking</item>

<item>Raveling</item>

<item>Flushing/bleeding</item>

<item>Shoving</item>

<item>Patching</item>

<item>Pumping</item>

<item>Corrugation </item>

<item>Sags and humps</item>

<item>Edge breaks</item>

<item>Pothole</item>

<item>Road marking</item>

<item>Camber/Profile</item>

<item>Pavement loss</item>

<!—Concrete roads -->


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<item>Empty</item>

…. Cracking, Poppouts, Spalling, more details will come

<!—Earth road -->

<item>Empty</item>

…. Side slope, land slide, cross profile, more details will come

<!—Gravel roads -->

<item>Roughness</item>

<item>Top surface</item>

<item>Material mix</item>

<item>Binding</item>

<item>Cross slope</item>

<!—Detailed cracking -->

<item>Alligator cracking</item>

<item>Raveling cracking</item>

<item>Longitudinal cracking</item>

<item>Non WP long cracking</item>

<item>Transverse cracking</item>

<item>Block cracking</item>

<item>Thermal cracking</item>

<item>Wide cracking</item>

<item>Crack seal condition</item>

<!—Road equipment -->

<item>Guard rails</item>

<item>Concrete barriers </item>

<item>Noise barriers</item>

<!—Road side -->

<item>Road side safety</item>

<item>Line of sight</item>

<item>Traffic damage</item>

<item>Road signs</item>

<item>Illegal road signs</item>

<item>Road side material</item>

<item>Road side condition</item>

<item>Plantations</item>

<!—Winter roads -->

<item>Snow removal</item>

<item>Wall cutting </item>

<item>Snow ditches</item>

<item>Winter road marking </item>

<item>Snow fences</item>


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Technology

Roadroid app user guide 0.9.8-classic