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Simon Gamble, Manager Small Renewable Asset Development, Hydro Tasmania delivered this presentation at the Remote Area Power Supply Conference. The conference brings together remote communities, mine sites and industrial operations and the renewable energy sector to outline the opportunities and barriers for solving off-grid energy challenges with renewable and hybrid energy solutions. For more information, please visit http://www.informa.com.au/remotepower
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King Island: Case Study
Remote Area Power Supply Sydney Marriot 17-‐18 March 2014
Simon Gamble
PresentaFon Overview
1. Who is Hydro Tasmania?
2. What are our remote area credenFals? 3. General comments regarding RE in
remote areas
4. King Island Case Study – recent performance
5. Next steps
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Hydro Tasmania -‐ Overview
• Government Business Enterprise, owned by the State of Tasmania.
• Australia’s largest clean energy producer:
o $5.1 billion worth of assets,
o 2 281 MW of hydro-‐electric capacity in Tasmania, o 45% of Australia’s renewable energy generaFon.
• Revenue earned through trading electricity and energy products in the NaFonal Electricity Market.
• Electricity retail business Momentum
• 350 strong consulFng business Entura.
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Hydro Tasmania – Off-‐Grid experFse:
• Responsible for generaFon, distribuFon and retail in the Bass Strait Islands
• Serving industrial, commercial and residenFal customers
• Responsible for system security and reliability – keeping the lights on and factories operaFng
• Developer, Owner and Operator of leading Off-‐Grid system on King Island – our test bed
• Entura : Leading consultant to Aid Agencies and UFliFes, including:
• Pitcairn, Chatham, Cape Barren Islands
Hydro Tasmania Remote Area Power Systems Capability
Remote Area Power Systems Drivers for Renewable Energy
Drivers for Renewable Energy Largely Economic
• Most common drivers for RE in off-‐grid systems:
o ReducFon in LCOE
o Increase in operaFonal hours (not common in Australia)
o Emission reducFon o RE targets
o R&D – Off-‐Grid systems provide excellent test beds
King Island focussed on innovaFon and demonstraFon underpinned by reducFons in operaFng cost and increased reliability
Though not a driver -‐ Improved reliability, security, power quality is an outcome!
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• Renewable Energy technologies can compete with diesel – it’s a no brainer right? – At what point is it no longer cost effecFve to add more RE?
• Is ROI main driver? Is NPV? – But adding high levels of RE is challenging:
• Managing variability, intermifency – requires advanced control, enablers • Adds system complexity, risk, capital cost
o Trade off: significant upfront capital cost vs lower ongoing operaFng o UFlisaFon (served MWh) of RE is criFcal (not MWp)
1. First challenge is system security / reliability
2. then increased RE uFlisaFon
3. then RE recovery (where cost effecFve)
LCOE ReducFon = Diesel Displacement But at what cost?
Renewable Energy IntegraFon Pathway “Natural System TransiFon Points”
General observaFons (a view on low / medium / high penetraFon):
1. Appropriate diesel selecFon 2. Limited renewable energy – within envelope of normal diesel operaFons
3. Increased RE requiring altered system operaFons -‐ (Control & Curtailment) 4. Sufficient RE to result in breach of raise reserve provisions or to create surplus – (further enablers to increase penetraFon/recover e.g. resistor / storage)
5. RE beyond min (or max) load to allow diesel-‐off operaFon – (further enablers to provide system security and stability in absence of diesel)
• IntegraFon is central to secure / reliable performance and high RE uFlisaFon • Biofuel replacement of mineral diesel could occur at any stage
• Fuel subsFtuFon and switching should be considered
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King Island System and Performance
King Island Loca@on Source: Google Earth
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King Island – Hybrid Off-‐Grid System Achievements to Date
PopulaFon approx. 1,600 2.5MW peak load
• 6MW diesel generaFon
• Expensive to operate
• IncenFve to use Renewable Energy
King Island Power StaFon Our soluFon test bed – History of development
2010: Dynamic Resistor EffecFve Spill Management
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• Resistor converts wind spill to raise / lower reserve
• Allows diesels to run at minimum load
• Controls system frequency
• Low capital cost
• AddiFonal diesel saving
King Island Renewable Energy IntegraFon Program (KIREIP) 2010 -‐ 2013
TargeFng: >65% RE annual contribuFon 100% RE instantaneous >95% GHG reducFon
KIREIP has demonstrated that higher levels of RE contribuFon are achievable, reliable and secure; and cheaper than diesel alternaFves
InnovaFon award 2013
KIREIP : Control System
• An advanced automated control system purpose built for hybrid systems:
• capable of managing RE and Diesel genera@on AND enablers
• Very flexible: handles Wind, Solar, Baferies, Flywheels, Demand response
• Very capable: Securely manages high penetra@on of renewable energy – from 100% diesel to 100% RE and all states in between – all fully automated
• Very adaptable: Able to be installed and used on all other off-‐grid diesel systems
Example HMI -‐ Annunciator Display
KIREIP : Physical enablers
KIREIP : In-‐line Biodiesel Blending
• Provides funcFonality to support the further addiFon of renewable energy and energy storage – adds system security at high RE levels
• Integrated flywheel and generator unit – directly coupled to network
• D-‐UPS (combined with resistor) provides the funcFonality of convenFonal diesels without the conFnuous fuel cost -‐ allows diesels to be switched off if desired : Zero Diesel OperaFon (ZDO)
KIREIP : Diesel UPS 2x1MVA Flywheel based UPS
1. Diesel engine 2. ElectromagneFc Clutch 3. Synchronous Motor/Clutch 4. Flywheel
KIREIP: Diesel-UPS : October 2012
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MulFple Roles:
• Power response • Provide raise & lower reserve
• Block shiting
Results in:
• Extended zero diesel operaFon
• Delaying addiFonal diesel generators
• Improved fuel efficiency
KIREIP: Energy Storage 3 MW / 1.6 MWh advanced lead acid (Australia’s largest bafery – TBC Nov 2013)
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ConstrucFon of Bafery building
BaDery InstallaEon
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KIREIP : Demand Side Response
System fully operaFonal
Site gateway
Smart switches
Provides monitoring & control
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KIREIP : Demand Side Response Real Fme, dynamic aggregated load control (<1,000ms)
• Turning aggregated customer demand, distributed PV into controllable system generaFon
• Speed and dynamic nature of response allows these distributed elements to be used for ancillary services – spinning reserve
• Also provides: aggregated or discrete ULFS
Smart Grid Dispatches during Zero Diesel 08/03/2014
Customer smart phone app
KIREIP : Recent Performance
Record performance since D-‐UPS final commissioning
• > 50% diesel saving in August and October 2013 • > 160hrs of Zero Diesel OperaFon • > 40% annual RE contribuFon 2013 (no storage)
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King Island: Achievements to Date
Current system provides 1.5ML diesel savings p.a: >$2.5m opex cost reducFon
1.5ML diesel savings p.a : >$2.5m OPEX cost reducFon
100% Renewable including use of biofuels
100% Renewable with use of RE generaFon only
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• System integrator and Implementer
• Offer a complete integrated soluFon for diesel displacement in off-‐grid systems, including: • Automated control system
• Experience with integraFon “enablers” (eg Storage, Flywheels, Dynamic resistors, Demand response)
• ImplementaFon of Renewable Energy (RE) technologies (wind, PV, hydro)
• Technology agnosFc • SoluFon tailored to clients circumstances and
requirements
• OEM sourced via compeFFve tender
• Full spectrum experience in asset life-‐cycle (design, develop, own, operate, maintain)
• Services from advisory to implementaFon
Hydro Tasmania Hybrid Off-‐Grid SoluFon Offering
Further informaEon:
Hybrid Off-‐Grid Power Systems Simon Gamble
[email protected] www.kireip.com.au
Thank you
