SynapSens eSynapSens e

. .www SynapSens e com. .www SynapSens e com

WSN Market EvolutionWSN Market Evolution

2000 2007 2010

WSN 2nd GenerationThe “Commercial” Era

Customer Requirements: Hardware platform flexibilityHardware platform flexibility Accelerated application development timeAccelerated application development time Enable broadly varying sensor networksEnable broadly varying sensor networks Rapid adoption of continuously emerging Rapid adoption of continuously emerging

technology improvementstechnology improvements

Result: Complete, commercial solutionsResult: Complete, commercial solutions

WSN 1st GenerationThe “Research” Era

Issues:Incomplete Solutions

Subject to the Tech TreadmillMany non-standard platforms

Difficult to build, deploy and manageDomain-specific languages

Result: Few complete solutions, Result: Few complete solutions, fragmented value-chainfragmented value-chain

System OverviewSystem Overview

System Software

Stack

Applications

1

802.15.4Network

Stack

2Data

Integration

0102030405060708090

100

Tem

p

Humid

ty PH

Particle

Cou

nt

East

West

North

!

AlertSystem

7

GUI

6

Gateway

EAI Web Services, SNMP, BACnetModBus

5

Data and Control Bus

Data Analysis

4

DataAnalysisSoftware

………..

..

..

…

4212:302

4212:001

TempTimeNode

Storage

XML,SCADA

3

The Ecosystem ChallengeThe Ecosystem Challenge

SensorsSensors

WSN boardsWSN boards Data CollectionData Collection

DatabaseDatabaseWSN PackagesWSN Packages

Business IntelligenceBusiness Intelligence

InstallationInstallation

Service & SupportService & Support

VisualizationVisualization

WSN InfrastructureWSN InfrastructureChipsChips BoardsBoards Kits Kits

Oki Tendril XBowMango Augusta Arch RockAtmel Integration EmberTI Airbee Dust

Aginova

WSN SolutionsWSN Solutions

SiemensEmerson

GESentilla

Data Center Wired SolutionsData Center Wired Solutions

IBMLiebert Sitescan

HP Dynamic Smart CoolingAPC NetBotz

Very DifficultVery DifficultBag of PartsBag of Parts Expensive &Expensive &IntrusiveIntrusive

Access

Service

Gateway

Service

RDBMS

802.15.4

Synapsense Sensor Nodes

Gateway

Device Manager

SNMPPlugin

Plugin

BACnetPlugin

Plugin

BACnetdevice

SNMP device

SNMP BACnet

4-20 mAPlugin

Plugin

VFD

Analog

ModbusPlugin

Plugin

Modbus

device

Modbus

Web Application

Container

SynapSoft™ Console

Browser

SynapSNMP

Agent

http(s)

SNMP

MIBMIB

BACNet

Gateway

SynapAlert™

SMTP

BACNet/IP

Network Management System (NMS)

Building Automation System (BAS)

E-mail / SMS Notifications

Live Imaging Server™

Access

Service

Gateway

Service

RDBMSRDBMS

802.15.4

Synapsense Sensor Nodes

802.15.4

Synapsense Sensor Nodes

Gateway

Device Manager

SNMPPlugin

Plugin

BACnetPlugin

Plugin

BACnetdevice

SNMP device

SNMP BACnet

4-20 mAPlugin

Plugin

VFD

Analog

ModbusPlugin

Plugin

Modbus

device

Modbus

SNMPPlugin

Plugin

BACnetPlugin

Plugin

BACnetdevice

SNMP device

SNMP BACnet

4-20 mAPlugin

Plugin

VFD

Analog

ModbusPlugin

Plugin

Modbus

device

Modbus

Web Application

Container

SynapSoft™ Console

Browser

SynapSoft™ Console

Browser

SynapSNMP

Agent

http(s)

SNMP

MIBMIBMIB

BACNet

Gateway

SynapAlert™

SMTP

BACNet/IP

Network Management System (NMS)

Building Automation System (BAS)

E-mail / SMS Notifications

Live Imaging Server™

SynapSense Solution OverviewArchitectural Overview

Rack Thermals Rack Thermals

LeakLeakDetectionDetection

Door StatusDoor Status

Branch Circuit MonitoringBranch Circuit Monitoring

Power MeteringPower Metering

Air PressureAir Pressure

Chilled Water BTUChilled Water BTU

Sensor TypesSensor Types

Room RH & Dew PointRoom RH & Dew Point

RackTemperature

RHCurrentPower

Sub-floorPressure

Differential

CRAHSupply & Return Air Temp

Supply RHChilled Water Supply & Return Temp

Fan Power

Chilled Water Flow(Captured at

CRAH)

PDUCurrent, Voltage

& Power

SynapSense Solution Overview

Li ve I magi ng™ S SynapSoft™ 4.0

Ground-breaking 2D maps use your real-time data center analytics to create a visual description of your environment.

Live Environmental Imaging™ is a special service for SynapSense customers.

2D Thermal Map 2D Pressure Map 2D Humidity Map

9

Towards a Greener Data Center: Tools & Techniques

UCCSC 2008, UC Santa Barbara

Gregory BellActing Chief Technology Architect, IT Division

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

July 21, 2008

10

Motivation

• Energy efficiency = core DOE mission several LBNL researchers study power consumption

of IT equipment (data centers, servers, power supplies, cooling, UPS technology)

• More pragmatically: data center resources are increasingly scarce! power, space, cooling all in short supply

• Why? Significant growth in cluster computing: 40% of LBNL scientific teams need or use clusters 70% interested in cycles on shared cluster

10

11

Motivation: scientific computing

• Demand for computing cycles is growing rapidly on many campuses, not just LBNL

the direct expression of a broad scientific need

• IT’s primary data center runs out of capacity between 2010 and 2012 depending on cluster growth rate (7% - 20%)

• Strategically, we must maximize efficiency of current data center even as we locate new space

11

12

The story of a data center: 50B-1275

• Several decades old ~5000 sq ft 18” raised floors ~.5MW total power consumption

• Combination of clusters and business systems clusters account for almost all new demand

• Unusual cooling system 7 down-shot CRACs for under-floor supply supplementary overhead supply (chiller coil + fans)

13

The story of a data center: 50B-1275

• Starting summer of 2007, IT began a data center efficiency effort

• In collaboration with researchers in EETD, we perform a series of engineering studies documenting electrical, mechanical systems measuring loads & capacities; performing CFD calculating efficiency identifying opportunities for improvement deploying wireless sensor system (more later)

14

What we learned

• The data center was overcooled but this is the norm

• Abundant low-hanging fruit simultaneous humidification & dehumidification blanking panels missing excessive number of perforated floor tiles air-flow pathologies (mixing, short-circuiting)

• The data center was relatively efficient! none of the clusters backed by UPS

15

Taking steps to increase efficiency

• Improved airflow overhead plenum converted to hot-air return supplementary cooling directed under floor floor-tile tuning blanking panels, curtains, etc

• Virtualization• Water cooling• Wireless environmental monitoring system

16

Steps to increase efficiency

• Improved airflow overhead plenum converted to hot-air return supplementary cooling directed under floor floor-tile tuning blanking panels, curtains, etc

• Virtualization• Water cooling• Wireless environmental monitoring system

focus of remainder of talk

17

The importance of visualization

17

•systems & network administrators have tools for visualization

•useful for debugging, benchmarking, capacity planning, forensics

•data center managers have comparatively poor visualization tools

18

One form of visualization: CFD

Images: ANCIS

19

Visualization and real-time monitoring

• We installed a wireless sensor net from SynapSense 200 monitoring points temperature, humidity, under-floor pressure, current

• For the first time, we have a detailed understanding of environmental conditions in the data center real-time and historical graphs underlying database

• SynapSense is a technology transfer success story from UC Davis CTO and co-founder is Raju Pandey, also Computer Science professor at UCD http://www.synapsense.com “You can’t control or manage what you don’t measure.”

20

SynapSense hardware

• wireless sensor network• “self-organizing” nodes• 802.15.4 (not 802.11)• multi-hop routing• non-invasive installation• 2 internal & 6 external

sensors per node• we measure temp.,

humidity, pressure, current

• we could measure liquid flow, liquid presence, particle count

Image: SynapSense

21

Learning from the sensors

• lesson #1: eat your spinach!

• effect of adding one 12” blanking panel to the middle of a rack

• conventional wisdom is correct: blanking panes are essential

• other data center clichés also borne out eliminate leaks in floor manage floor tile

permeability

Top of rack

Middle of rack

22

Visualizing impact of site modifications

• Graphing impact of major maintenance (redirection of overhead cold air supply underfloor) on air pressure in some areas, under-floor pressure increased by almost 50% impact varies according to distance from new air supply

23

Visualizing impact of maintenance

• each CRAC turned off in turn, for service

• hot spots monitored during maintenance

• two-fold benefit real-time feedback enhanced knowledge of

data center redundancy characteristics

• provisionally turn off one or more CRAC units?

Under-Floor Pressure

Rack-Top Temperatures

24

Feedback on floor-tile tuning

• in the course of one day 24 perforated floor tiles

removed 6 floor tiles converted

from high- to low-flow 4 floor tiles converted

from low- to high-flow

Before

After

25

Feedback on floor-tile tuning

• with instrumentation, we can observe results in real time

• when airflow is restricted, under-floor pressure

increases rack-top temperatures

decrease

• without monitoring and visualization, this process is guesswork how many tiles to remove?

Under-Floor Pressure

Rack-Top Temperatures

26

Focus on a single sensor

• iterative process: too cold, too hot, just right• monitor with laptop in data center for convenience

27

‘LiveImaging’ heat-map movies

27

Data Center ValueData Center Value

MonitoringMonitoring

24x 7 Visibility /24x 7 Visibility / Alerts & Alarms / AnalysisAlerts & Alarms / Analysis

PUE / DCiE / RTIPUE / DCiE / RTI

DC Health & Efficiency MetricsDC Health & Efficiency Metrics

Branch Circuit MonitoringBranch Circuit Monitoring

Capacity PlanningCapacity Planning

ControlControl

DC AutomationDC Automation

DC OptimizationsDC Optimizations

Air Mixing MitigationAir Mixing Mitigation

AdaptiveAdaptiveCoolingCoolingControlControl

33

Air FlowAir FlowManagementManagement

22

VisibilityVisibility

11

SynapSense 3-Step Process to SynapSense 3-Step Process to Adaptive CoolingAdaptive Cooling

Environmental Baseline & ResultsEnvironmental Baseline & ResultsSynapSense Thermal LiveImaging™SynapSense Thermal LiveImaging™

Baseline

CHH C

No Containment

High Degree of Air Mixing

High Inlet Temperatures

SynapSense Solution OverviewSynapSense Solution OverviewCold Aisle ContainmentCold Aisle Containment

Environmental Baseline & ResultsEnvironmental Baseline & ResultsSynapSense Thermal LiveImaging™SynapSense Thermal LiveImaging™

After Containment

CHH C

Cold Aisles Contained

No Change to CRAHs

Overcooled

Environmental Baseline & ResultsEnvironmental Baseline & ResultsSynapSense Thermal LiveImaging™SynapSense Thermal LiveImaging™

With Control

CHH C

Controlled CRAHs

ASHRAE Inlet Temperatures

Increased Return Temperatures

Environmental Baseline & ResultsEnvironmental Baseline & ResultsSynapSense Thermal LiveImaging™SynapSense Thermal LiveImaging™

With ControlAfter ContainmentBaseline

CHH CCHH CCHH C

One Solution – Three VectorsOne Solution – Three Vectors

Balance Cooling Capacity Balance Cooling Capacity Optimize: Optimize:

Air Pressure & Flow Air Pressure & Flow

CRAC/CRAH Utilization CRAC/CRAH Utilization

Synergize IT & Facilities – Synergize IT & Facilities – One DashboardOne DashboardIntegrated Tool Suite Integrated Tool Suite Optimized Capacity Planning Optimized Capacity Planning Balanced IT & Infrastructure Balanced IT & Infrastructure

Improve Energy ManagementImprove Energy Management

UPS Capacity Planning UPS Capacity Planning

Energy Baseline Energy Baseline

Metrics – PUE / DCIE Metrics – PUE / DCIE

CoolingCooling

PowerPower

OperationsOperations

OptimizationOptimization

BalanceBalance

EfficiencyEfficiency

Qualified for Utility RebatesQualified for Utility Rebates

SMUD: will provide SMUD: will provide incentive $0.14/kWh incentive $0.14/kWh saved not to exceed saved not to exceed 30% of project cost 30% of project cost or $50,000or $50,000

“PG&E encourages continuous monitoring by the customer, as changes are invariably made when racks are added or moved. The SynapSense Wireless Sensor Network is an excellent way for the customer to ensure that his/her airflow is maintained at optimal efficiency.”

Francois Rongere, PG&E

PG&E: Once improvements made, customer receives incentive of $.08 per kWh saved, up to half cost of improvements

SVP: will rebate $0.18/kWh saved up to 80% of the solution cost with proven savings