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Mohit Verma http://testingnerd.com *Web A11y – Web Accessibility

Web a11y beyond guidelines

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The WCAG, Section 508 or other accessibility guidelines are reference document and should not be treated as law.

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Page 1: Web a11y beyond guidelines

Mohit Verma

http://testingnerd.com

*Web A11y – Web Accessibility

Page 2: Web a11y beyond guidelines

Outline

What is Web Accessibility?

Why Accessibility is required?

Guidelines

Guidelines Testability?

The Problems?

An improvised Testing Approach

Page 3: Web a11y beyond guidelines
Page 4: Web a11y beyond guidelines

What is Web Accessibility?

It’s about making the web accessible for everyone – Abled-bodied or disabled

Accessibility is ramp to the website.

Accessibility doesn’t mean text-only website.

Web accessibility also benefits people without disabilities.

Page 5: Web a11y beyond guidelines

Why Accessibility is required?

Because disabled user are most active on the web

Increases the usability of the website

Immediate benefits on search engine optimization.

The time it takes to load pages built with Accessibility in mind greatly decreases.

Leads to mobile-ready website

Page 6: Web a11y beyond guidelines
Page 7: Web a11y beyond guidelines

The Guidelines

Different Accessibility Guidelines WCAG (1.0 and 2.0) Section 508 of

Rehabilitation Act Swedish National

Guidelines for Public Sector Websites

JIS X 8341-3 BS 8878:2010 UNE 139803 IBM web guidelines

What is a Guideline? a statement by which to

determine a course of action.

to streamline particular processes according to a set routine or sound practice

following a guideline is never mandatory

Guidelines are not binding and are not enforced

Guidelines are advice statement and not the rules

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Page 9: Web a11y beyond guidelines

Even Automatic Checker doesn’t Guarantee Accessibility

Page 10: Web a11y beyond guidelines

Guidelines Testability?

1.3.1 Info and Relationships: Information, structure, and relationships conveyed through presentation can be programmatically determined or are available in text. (Level A)

1.4.3 Contrast (Minimum): The visual presentation of text and images of text has a contrast ratio of at least 4.5:1 (Level AAA) contrast ratio

(L1 + 0.05) / (L2 + 0.05), where L1 is the relative luminance of the lighter of the colors, and L2 is the relative luminance of the darker of the colors.

3.1.5 Reading Level: When text requires reading ability more advanced than the lower secondary education level after removal of proper names and titles, supplemental content, or a version that does not require reading ability more advanced than the lower secondary education level, is available. (Level AAA)

3.3.5 Help: Context-sensitive help is available. (Level AAA)

Page 11: Web a11y beyond guidelines

Rule #1

To provide ALT text for images so people who

can't see pictures can hear the description

read aloud.

What the accessibility guidelines don't tell you is how to write the ALT text.

Page 12: Web a11y beyond guidelines

Rule #1 cont.

<img src="../_assets/images/master/master-body.jpg" alt=“?" />

Null master-body Skyline Visit Sydney

Sydney City Sydney Harbour skyline at night City at night masterBodyImage

What could be suitable alt text here?

Page 13: Web a11y beyond guidelines

Few Observations while Testing with blind users

Hardware Very fast on keyboard

Dependency on Tactile indicators

Unaware of monitor settings

Deviation in standard keyboard creates the problem

Few user feels keys are too close in Laptop keyboard

Software Incorrect Alt Text Unaware of Auto-suggestion

list Unwanted Pop-ups (for e.g.

repeated pop-ups from antivirus program )

Locating the error/missed text content

Don’t get any notification during typing if focus is lost

Keeping the password Content Repetition

Page 14: Web a11y beyond guidelines

How to test for Accessibility

Three steps to evaluate accessibility

1. Use automatic checkers to find out basic problems

2. Running manual testing to complete the auditTesting for High Contrast

Testing for Quasi Disabilities

3. Testing with monitor switched offAnd write recommendations people can use!!!

Page 15: Web a11y beyond guidelines

Quasi Disabilities

Slow Internet Connection

Old Browser

Missing Plug-ins

No Audio (Speakers)

Small Display (No Graphics, No Colors)

Eyes Busy/ Hands Busy

Noisy Environment

No Pointing Device

Page 16: Web a11y beyond guidelines