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The WCAG, Section 508 or other accessibility guidelines are reference document and should not be treated as law.
Citation preview
Mohit Verma
http://testingnerd.com
*Web A11y – Web Accessibility
Outline
What is Web Accessibility?
Why Accessibility is required?
Guidelines
Guidelines Testability?
The Problems?
An improvised Testing Approach
What is Web Accessibility?
It’s about making the web accessible for everyone – Abled-bodied or disabled
Accessibility is ramp to the website.
Accessibility doesn’t mean text-only website.
Web accessibility also benefits people without disabilities.
Why Accessibility is required?
Because disabled user are most active on the web
Increases the usability of the website
Immediate benefits on search engine optimization.
The time it takes to load pages built with Accessibility in mind greatly decreases.
Leads to mobile-ready website
The Guidelines
Different Accessibility Guidelines WCAG (1.0 and 2.0) Section 508 of
Rehabilitation Act Swedish National
Guidelines for Public Sector Websites
JIS X 8341-3 BS 8878:2010 UNE 139803 IBM web guidelines
What is a Guideline? a statement by which to
determine a course of action.
to streamline particular processes according to a set routine or sound practice
following a guideline is never mandatory
Guidelines are not binding and are not enforced
Guidelines are advice statement and not the rules
Even Automatic Checker doesn’t Guarantee Accessibility
Guidelines Testability?
1.3.1 Info and Relationships: Information, structure, and relationships conveyed through presentation can be programmatically determined or are available in text. (Level A)
1.4.3 Contrast (Minimum): The visual presentation of text and images of text has a contrast ratio of at least 4.5:1 (Level AAA) contrast ratio
(L1 + 0.05) / (L2 + 0.05), where L1 is the relative luminance of the lighter of the colors, and L2 is the relative luminance of the darker of the colors.
3.1.5 Reading Level: When text requires reading ability more advanced than the lower secondary education level after removal of proper names and titles, supplemental content, or a version that does not require reading ability more advanced than the lower secondary education level, is available. (Level AAA)
3.3.5 Help: Context-sensitive help is available. (Level AAA)
Rule #1
To provide ALT text for images so people who
can't see pictures can hear the description
read aloud.
What the accessibility guidelines don't tell you is how to write the ALT text.
Rule #1 cont.
<img src="../_assets/images/master/master-body.jpg" alt=“?" />
Null master-body Skyline Visit Sydney
Sydney City Sydney Harbour skyline at night City at night masterBodyImage
What could be suitable alt text here?
Few Observations while Testing with blind users
Hardware Very fast on keyboard
Dependency on Tactile indicators
Unaware of monitor settings
Deviation in standard keyboard creates the problem
Few user feels keys are too close in Laptop keyboard
Software Incorrect Alt Text Unaware of Auto-suggestion
list Unwanted Pop-ups (for e.g.
repeated pop-ups from antivirus program )
Locating the error/missed text content
Don’t get any notification during typing if focus is lost
Keeping the password Content Repetition
How to test for Accessibility
Three steps to evaluate accessibility
1. Use automatic checkers to find out basic problems
2. Running manual testing to complete the auditTesting for High Contrast
Testing for Quasi Disabilities
3. Testing with monitor switched offAnd write recommendations people can use!!!
Quasi Disabilities
Slow Internet Connection
Old Browser
Missing Plug-ins
No Audio (Speakers)
Small Display (No Graphics, No Colors)
Eyes Busy/ Hands Busy
Noisy Environment
No Pointing Device