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In the Web of Things initiative, we propose to make smart things first-class citizens of the World Wide Web. This allows to apply widely used Web mechanisms (bookmarking, browsing,...) to things and to use physical devices just like any other service on the Web. In the talk, some of the prototypes that we have been building in our lab are presented. We also ask what will be the "next big thing" in connecting and mashing up real-time, real-world services.
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Web-based Smart Things Ecosystems ICiS Physical Computing Workshop [Park City, July 2011]
Simon Mayer [[email protected]]
Distributed Systems Group, ETH Zurich
2 ICiS Physical Computing Workshop [Park City, July 2011] Wednesday, 20th July 2011
smart things ecosystems...
The Web of Things: Quick rundown
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+ Internet Connection [IPv6] + Embedded Web server
+ Resource-Oriented Modelling (REST)
[IPv6] Hui, J.W., and Culler, D.E.: IP is dead, long live IP for wireless sensor networks. (2008)
Representational State Transfer (REST)
4 ICiS Physical Computing Workshop [Park City, July 2011] Wednesday, 20th July 2011
Addressable, linked resources
[http://vs.inf.ethz.ch/wot/sunspots/spot1/sensors]
Defined set of operations (uniform interface)
[PUT «on» /sunspots/spot1/actuators/leds/led1]
Representations & Content Negotiation
[HTML for humans, JSON for machines,…]
Fielding, R.T.: Architectural Styles and the Design of Network-based Software Architectures
Richardson, L., and Ruby, S.: RESTful Web Services
The Web of Things: REST benefits
Great for open, interoperable APIs
Greatly facilitates building of physical mashups
Web features for free
Bookmark your devices and their functionality
Caching for scalability, security mechanisms
Seems to facilitate application development
People are used to the Web and its resources and links!
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[http://derekskeba.com]
The Web of Things: RESTful Sun SPOTs
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[http://www.sunspotworld.com]
I’d love to see a demo!
1 Non-PhD-Nabaztag idea: Dom Guinard
The People’s Web of Things
7 ICiS Physical Computing Workshop [Park City, July 2011] Wednesday, 20th July 2011
I don’t have a PhD in computer
science...1
Enable tech-savvy users to develop applications
[«programming the real world»]
The People’s Web of Things
Facilitate the integration of things into the web
AutoWoT toolkit [code.google.com/p/autowot]
Facilitate the composition of RESTful services
Clickscript (visual programming) + Web of Things modules
8 ICiS Physical Computing Workshop [Park City, July 2011] Wednesday, 20th July 2011
Mayer, S., Guinard, D., Trifa, V., Facilitating the Integration and Interaction for the Web of Things
The Social Web of Things
Sharing of physical and digital artifacts
Sharing of physical and digital artifacts
9 ICiS Physical Computing Workshop [Park City, July 2011] Wednesday, 20th July 2011
Guinard, D., Fischer, M., Trifa, V.,: Sharing Using Social Networks in a Composable Web of Things
The Social Web of Things
@home Sharing your energy consumption
Encouraging energy savings…
@work Laboratory automation
“You may monitor my mass spectrometer”
@business Sharing the trace of tagged products
RESTful EPCIS
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The Businesses’ Web of Things
Electronic Product Code Information System (EPCIS)
Dashboard & Mashups based on RESTified API
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Guinard, D., Floerkemeier, C., Sarma, S.: Cloud Computing, REST and Mashups to Simplify RFID Application Development and Deployment
The next big thing(s) in smart things environments
12 ICiS Physical Computing Workshop [Park City, July 2011] Wednesday, 20th July 2011
Real-Time Web
Scaling Up
Service Discovery
Real-Time Web: Beyond pure Client-Server?
Client-server paradigm not natural for sensing applications
Sensor push required
Beyond Atom/RSS: Short-polling, Long-polling
HTML5 WebSockets – remedy?
HTML 5 specifications, increasing browser support
Supported: Chrome 4 & Safari 5 (+ iOS 4.2)
Disabled by default: Firefox 4 & Opera 11
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[www.webofthings.com]
Service Discovery: Smarter Things?
Adding semantics for service discovery
RDF, Microformats, Microdata (www.schema.org!)
Yummly for smart things
Auto-plumbing for physical and digital artifacts
Make things just smart enough to know what they can (basically) do…
Syntactic level (e.g., data type)
Semantic level?
User-supported mashing up of services in smart things ecosystems!
Automatic mashup creation? Feasibility?
14 ICiS Physical Computing Workshop [Park City, July 2011] Wednesday, 20th July 2011
...and tell others!
Scaling Up: Global-scale Service Lookup?
Find services offered by Web-enabled resources
Globally, but with emphasis on nearby things!
Location
Geometric: GPS
Symbolic: places hierarchy
A location-aware management infrastructure for smart things?!
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Trifa, V., Guinard, D., Mayer, S.: Leveraging the Web for a Distributed Location-aware Infrastructure for the Real World
Acknowledgements
Web of Things team @ ETH Zurich
Dominique Guinard, Vlad Trifa, Benedikt Ostermaier, Matthias Kovatsch
Christian Floerkemeier, Mathias Mueller, Mathias Fischer
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More References...
1. Pautasso, C., Zimmermann, O., Leymann, F.: Restful web services vs. "big"
web services: making the right architectural decision, WWW '08
2. Guinard, D.: Mashing up Your Web-Enabled Home, Touch the Web 2010
3. Guinard, D., Fischer, M., Trifa, V.: Sharing Using Social Networks in a
Composable Web of Things, Proc. of the First IEEE International Workshop
on the Web of Things (WOT2010). Mannheim, Germany, March 2010
4. Mayer, S., Guinard, D.: An Extensible Discovery Service for Smart Things
… and have a look at our other papers at http://www.vs.inf.ethz.ch/publ/
17 ICiS Physical Computing Workshop [Park City, July 2011] Wednesday, 20th July 2011
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