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Pedagogical and technological UNIVERSITY OF COLOMBIA Duitama faculty Hotel and tourism managerment ENGLISH V FOR TOURISM TOURISM PRACTICE AND THEORY”

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Pedagogical and technological UNIVERSITY OF COLOMBIA

Duitama faculty

Hotel and tourism managerment

ENGLISH V FOR TOURISM

“TOURISM PRACTICE AND THEORY”

Laura victoria buitrago alvarez

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ENGLISH V FOR TOURISM

“TOURISM PRACTICE AND THEORY”

What is Tourism?

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Tourism is a collection of activity, services and industries that delivers a travel experience, including transportation, accommodations, eating and drinking establishments, retail shops, entertainment businesses, activity

facilities and other hospitality services provided for individuals or groups traveling

away from home.

OVER VIEW of tourism

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The World Tourism Organization (WTO) claims

that tourism is currently the worlds largest industry with annual revenues of over $3

trillion dollars. Tourism provides over six million jobs in the United States, making it the country's

largest employer.

OVER VIEW of tourism

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ECONOMIIC ACTIVITIES

International tourism receipts grew to US$944 billion (€642 billion) in 2008, corresponding to an increase in real terms of 1.8% from 2007. When the export value of international passenger transport receipts is accounted for, total receipts in 2008 reached a record of US$1.1 trillion, or over US$3 billion a day.

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Definition of Tourism

Mathieson and Wall (1982) created a good working definition of tourism as "the temporary movement of people to destinations outside their normal places of work and residence, the activities undertaken during their stay in those destinations, and the facilities created to cater to their needs."

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According to Macintosh and Goeldner (1986) tourism is "the sum of the phenomena and relationships arising from the interaction of tourists, business suppliers, host governments and host communities in the process of attracting and hosting these tourists and other visitors."

Definition of Tourism

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SUPPLY AND DEMAND• Supply and demand is

an economic model of price determination in a market. It concludes

that in a competitive market, the unit price for a

particular good will vary until it settles at a point

where the quantity demanded by consumers (at current price) will equal the

quantity supplied by producers (at current price),

resulting in an economic equilibrium of price and

quantity.

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The basic principles that drive supply and demand are as follows:

• Suppliers will eventually produce a greater quantity (Q) of a good if they believe they can get a relatively high price (P) for it;

• Suppliers will eventually produce a lesser quantity (Q) of a good if they believe they will get a relatively low price (P) for it;

• Consumers will eventually demand a greater quantity (Q) of a good if they believe they can obtain it for a relatively low price (P);

SUPPLY AND DEMAND

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•Consumers will eventually demand a lesser quantity (Q) of a good if they believe they can only obtain it for relatively high price (P);•Suppliers will lower their asking price (P) for a good when demand (Q) for it (at current price) is lower than expected; and•Consumers will increase their asking price (P) for a good when supply (Q) of it (at current price) is lower than expected.

SUPPLY AND DEMAND

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The type and availability of transportation will determine

travel destinations. The development of

accommodations were likewise determined by the

development of transportation systems. These systems are listed

below.

TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS

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Stagecoach (1500 A.D.) Invented in Hungary.Railroads (1825)First

passenger train was in England.

Boats & Ships (early 400 B.C., but first ocean liner

1840)Automobile (1908) Henry

Ford's Model TAir Travel (1919) by what is

now know as Lufthansa Airline

Space Travel (2015) estimated date for passenger travel into suborbital space.

TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS

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EXCURIONIST: Persons traveling for pleasure in a period less than 24 hours (Macintosh and Goeldner, 1986).

FOREIGN TOURIST: Any person visiting a country, other than that in which he/she usually resides, for a period of at least 24 hours (Committee of Statistical Experts of the League of Nations, 1937).

Other terms of interest are:

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TRAVEL: The act of moving outside one's home community for business

or pleasure but not for commuting or traveling to or from school

(Macintosh and Goeldner, 1986).

VISITOR: Any person visiting a country other than that in which he/she has his/her usual place of

residence, for any reason other than following an occupation remunerated

from within the country visited (United Nations Conference on

International Travel and Tourism, 1963).

Other terms of interest are:

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FACILITIES: When tourists arrive at attractions they require facilities to provide services.

• LODGING: Represent a variety of services from campgrounds, RV parks, motels and five star

resorts. • FOOD & BEVERAGE: Not only provide basic sustenance for tourists but an important factor

in the overall tourism experience.

FACILITIES TOURISM

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SUPPORT SERVICES: Usually are represented

by small retail businesses providing

souvenirs and personal services. Shopping is an

integral part of the travel experience.

Tourists seek unique and novel items which represent the area and

cultures they visit.

FACILITIES TOURISM

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INFRASTRUCTURE:  The basic services on

which all tourism depends. These

systems include water and sewer systems,

communication networks, medical

facilities, electricity, police and fire

protection and roads.

FACILITIES TOURISM

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TRANSPORTATION

Time and Money: This is the critical component to tourism, the ability to get

from Point A to Point B and back, or to Point C, D, E.... The variables of Time, how

long it takes to get to a specific destination, and

Money, how much it costs to get to your destination. Tourism developments are dependent on the ease of

access and types of transportation available.

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Hospitality• Hospitality: The

community's attitude which permeates every tourism location that makes the tourist feel welcome and safe. It is the result of the interaction between the tourist and the local population.

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• Time, as the hours for leisure increase so does the

opportunity for travel. Changes in work days or

hours, school calendars will affect how and when people

can travel. The overall travel pattern has moved from a two week vacation to 6-8 three or four day mini-vacations per year.

Essential Requirements for Tourism

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MONEY, the majority of travel requires

discretionary income. Discretionary income is money left over after all

monetary obligations (food, rent and taxes)

have been paid.

Essential Requirements for Tourism

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Essential Requirements for Tourism

.Motivation, is the reason

people travel. Motivations may include seeking

novelty, education, meet

new people, adventure or

stress reduction.

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Mobility, is the access to transportation (car, bus, plane, train or ship) and the hours required to get to their destination

Essential Requirements for Tourism

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THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION