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© Airspan Networks Inc.
WipLL PresentationWipLL Presentation
© Airspan Networks Inc.
ContentsContents
• WipLL- what is it?
• WipLL physical layer
• WipLL MAC protocol
• WipLL Applications
• WipLL Roadmap
• WipLL Vs other WLL products
• WipLL Vs xDSL
• WipLL Case Study
© Airspan Networks Inc.
WipLL – what is it? WipLL – what is it?
WipLL = Wireless IP Local LoopWipLL = Wireless IP Local Loop
WipLL = IP based Broadband Fixed Wireless Access SystemWipLL = IP based Broadband Fixed Wireless Access System
© Airspan Networks Inc.
WipLL: Main Features(1)WipLL: Main Features(1)
• Designed explicitly for Broadband Fixed Wireless Access applications
• High capacity Point to Multi-Point system
• Integrated services on a single platform using a single protocol:
• Data
• Voice
• Modular structure
• High effective throughput of up to 80%
• Network Management (SNMP), remote configuration and S/W down load
© Airspan Networks Inc.
•Air link based on Frequency Hopping CDMA (FH-CDMA) scheme
• Operates in:– 2.4 GHz ISM band
– 3.5 GHz
– Other bands: ready for trials
•Operating range exceeds 10 km (LOS)
•Bandwidth Management: MIR, CIR, Fairness
WipLL: Main Features(2)WipLL: Main Features(2)
© Airspan Networks Inc.
• Rich networking package:– IP routing
– PPPoE bridging
– IP filters: security based on:
• IP addresses
• Protocols: ICMP, UDP, TCP
• Applications or TCP/UDP port numbers: WEB, E-mail, FTP, etc
– QoS based on:
• IP addresses
• Protocols: PPPoE, IP, ICMP, UDP, TCP
• Applications or TCP/UDP port numbers: WEB, E-mail, FTP, etc
– 802.1Q/p for:
• Traffic engineering
• VPNs
• End-to-end QoS
– DiffServ/TOS for end-to-end QoS
WipLL: Main Features(3)WipLL: Main Features(3)
© Airspan Networks Inc.
WipLL – Physical Layer WipLL – Physical Layer
Frequency BandsFrequency Bands
Frequency Hopping Spread SpectrumFrequency Hopping Spread Spectrum
Standards ComplianceStandards Compliance
ModulationModulation
System ParametersSystem Parameters
AntennasAntennas
Link BudgetLink Budget
Frequency ReuseFrequency Reuse
© Airspan Networks Inc.
Frequency BandsFrequency Bands
• Support of various sub 11GHz bands including:Support of various sub 11GHz bands including:
– 2.4GHz (Licensed Exempt ISM) TDD2.4GHz (Licensed Exempt ISM) TDD
– 3.5GHz FDD3.5GHz FDD
– Variety of versions available for trials, such as: Variety of versions available for trials, such as:
• 3.4-3.8 TDD/FDD3.4-3.8 TDD/FDD
• 2.5GHz (MMDS)2.5GHz (MMDS)
© Airspan Networks Inc.
Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS)Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS)
• What is Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum? What is Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum?
– Spread SpectrumSpread Spectrum
• Encoding method that uses a process other than the information Encoding method that uses a process other than the information signal to expand, or spread, the bandwidth of the signal.signal to expand, or spread, the bandwidth of the signal.
– Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS)Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS)
• The carrier frequency at which the information signal is transmitted is The carrier frequency at which the information signal is transmitted is rapidly changed according to a predefined spreading code. This type rapidly changed according to a predefined spreading code. This type of spreading is implemented in WipLLof spreading is implemented in WipLL
© Airspan Networks Inc.
FHSS AdvantagesFHSS Advantages
• Interference rejectionInterference rejection
• Spectrum flexibility - no need for contiguous frequenciesSpectrum flexibility - no need for contiguous frequencies
• Coexistence with other systems – Bluetooth and suchCoexistence with other systems – Bluetooth and such
• Low Probability of Interception (LPI) – eavesdropping protectedLow Probability of Interception (LPI) – eavesdropping protected
© Airspan Networks Inc.
Frequency Hopping Channel ArrangementFrequency Hopping Channel Arrangement
• Operator’s RF Channel - divided into multiple sub channels Operator’s RF Channel - divided into multiple sub channels
• 1MHz sub channel spacing1MHz sub channel spacing
• Sub channels are arranged in a hopping sequenceSub channels are arranged in a hopping sequence
© Airspan Networks Inc.
Frequency Hopping Channel Arrangement Frequency Hopping Channel Arrangement (Cont’d)(Cont’d)
• WipLL Spectrum mask complies with ETSI standard EN 301 021WipLL Spectrum mask complies with ETSI standard EN 301 021
• 20dB point channel bandwidth is 1MHz or 1.33MHz depending on 20dB point channel bandwidth is 1MHz or 1.33MHz depending on system modesystem mode
© Airspan Networks Inc.
Standards ComplianceStandards Compliance
• 3.5 GHz3.5 GHz
– ETSI EN 301 253 (FH-CDMA)ETSI EN 301 253 (FH-CDMA)
– ETSI EN 301 021ETSI EN 301 021
• 2.4 GHz2.4 GHz
– ETSI ETS 300 328ETSI ETS 300 328
– FCC part 15FCC part 15
– TelecTelec
© Airspan Networks Inc.
ModulationModulation
• Multi level (8) Frequency Shift Keying (FSK)Multi level (8) Frequency Shift Keying (FSK)
• Adaptive modulation based on RSS and BERAdaptive modulation based on RSS and BER
• Two modes of operation in terms of symbols per second:Two modes of operation in terms of symbols per second:• 4Mbps / 1.33 Mbps4Mbps / 1.33 Mbps
• 3Mbps / 2Mbps / 1Mbps3Mbps / 2Mbps / 1Mbps
• The modes are software selectable by the operatorThe modes are software selectable by the operator
© Airspan Networks Inc.
Modulation – Raw Data RatesModulation – Raw Data Rates
Modulation Bits/symbol Mode (Msps) Rate (Mbps)
2-FSK 1 1 1
1.33 1.33
4-FSK 2 1 2
8-FSK 3 1 3
1.33 4
© Airspan Networks Inc.
System Parameters System Parameters
• Frequency Bands:Frequency Bands: 2.4GHz (ISM), 3.4 – 3.8GHz, 2.500-2.686GHz (MMDS)2.4GHz (ISM), 3.4 – 3.8GHz, 2.500-2.686GHz (MMDS)
• Radio Technology:Radio Technology:FHSSFHSS
• Duplex mode:Duplex mode: TDD/FDD (50 or 100 MHz duplex spacing)TDD/FDD (50 or 100 MHz duplex spacing)
• Multiple Access Method:Multiple Access Method: Adaptive TDMA using WipLL proprietary PPMA protocolAdaptive TDMA using WipLL proprietary PPMA protocol
• Channel Bandwidth:Channel Bandwidth: 1MHz/1.33MHz1MHz/1.33MHz
(as measured at 20dB points)(as measured at 20dB points)
• Sub – Channel Spacing:Sub – Channel Spacing: 1MHz1MHz
• Output power:Output power: 28±2 dBm28±2 dBm
• Power control:Power control: Remote and Auto Power Control (RTPC, ATPC)Remote and Auto Power Control (RTPC, ATPC)
• Receiver Sensitivity:Receiver Sensitivity: -90/ -83/ -75 dBm-90/ -83/ -75 dBm
(BER 10(BER 10-5-5, @ 2FSK/4FSK/8FSK), @ 2FSK/4FSK/8FSK)
• Carrier to Interference:Carrier to Interference: 12/ 22/ 28 dB12/ 22/ 28 dB
(BER 10(BER 10-5-5, @ 2FSK/4FSK/8FSK), @ 2FSK/4FSK/8FSK)
• Data Rate:Data Rate: 4Mbps max.4Mbps max.
• Modulation:Modulation: Multi level FSKMulti level FSK
• Spectral Efficiency:Spectral Efficiency: 3 bit/sec/Hz3 bit/sec/Hz
© Airspan Networks Inc.
WipLL Antenna SystemWipLL Antenna System
• BSR and SPR/IDR – Integrated solution: BSR and SPR/IDR – Integrated solution: • Integral flat printed antenna Integral flat printed antenna
• No RF Cable involvedNo RF Cable involved
• BSR and SPR: ODU / IDU interface: standard CAT5 BSR and SPR: ODU / IDU interface: standard CAT5
• IDR: Fully IndoorIDR: Fully Indoor
• Polarization: Polarization: • Vertical Vertical
• Horizontal – release 4.0Horizontal – release 4.0
• Receive diversity at BSR - dual integral antennasReceive diversity at BSR - dual integral antennas
• External antenna optionExternal antenna option• N type connector for both BSR and SPRN type connector for both BSR and SPR
• TNC connector for IDRTNC connector for IDR
© Airspan Networks Inc.
External AntennasExternal Antennas
Reasons for external antenna:Reasons for external antenna:
• Reducing BS costReducing BS cost
– Minimum BS: SDA, BSR and Omni antennaMinimum BS: SDA, BSR and Omni antenna
• Supporting different Sectorization Scheme (4*90Supporting different Sectorization Scheme (4*90ºº, 3*120, 3*120ºº))
• Improving link budget (higher gain)Improving link budget (higher gain)
• Various polarizationsVarious polarizations
© Airspan Networks Inc.
BSR Antenna Pattern EnvelopeBSR Antenna Pattern EnvelopeEuropean Standard EN 302 085 CS1European Standard EN 302 085 CS1
• Gain 12dBiGain 12dBi
• HPBW: 60ºx20ºHPBW: 60ºx20º
BSR 3.5GHz A-Plane BSR 3.5GHz E-Plane
Azimuth Elevation
* Each ring corresponds to 5dB attenuation
© Airspan Networks Inc.
SPR Antenna Pattern EnvelopeSPR Antenna Pattern EnvelopeEuropean Standard EN 302 085 TS1European Standard EN 302 085 TS1
• Gain 15dBi/ 18dBi (18dBi option is available for Gain 15dBi/ 18dBi (18dBi option is available for 2.4GHz band only)2.4GHz band only)
• HPBW: 20ºx30ºHPBW: 20ºx30º
SPR 3.5GHz A-Plane SPR 3.5GHz E-Plane
Azimuth Elevation
* Each ring corresponds to 5dB attenuation
© Airspan Networks Inc.
Link Budget Example (3.5GHz)Link Budget Example (3.5GHz)• TransmitterTransmitter
Tx PowerTx Power 28dBm28dBm
Internal lossesInternal losses -2dB-2dB
Tx Antenna GainTx Antenna Gain 12dBi12dBi
Tx EiRPTx EiRP 38dBm38dBm
• ReceiverReceiver
Required SNR (2FSK)Required SNR (2FSK) 14dB14dB
Rx Antenna GainRx Antenna Gain 15dBi15dBi
Internal lossesInternal losses -2dB-2dB
• NoiseNoise
NFNF 10dB10dB
Bandwidth (1Msps)Bandwidth (1Msps) 1MHz1MHz
Noise LevelNoise Level -104dBm-104dBm
• Fade Margin (99.99% availability)Fade Margin (99.99% availability) 16dB16dB
• Required RSS levelRequired RSS level -87dBm-87dBm
• Allowable path lossAllowable path loss 125dB125dB
• System Range (Free Space Propagation)System Range (Free Space Propagation) 12Km12Km
© Airspan Networks Inc.
Frequency ReuseFrequency Reuse
• Frequency reuse of FWA system depends on various Frequency reuse of FWA system depends on various parameters such as:parameters such as:
– C/IC/I
– Sectorization scheme and antenna patternSectorization scheme and antenna pattern
– Propagation model consideredPropagation model considered
– Performance goals (coverage, availability)Performance goals (coverage, availability)
• Reuse N=3 assuming:Reuse N=3 assuming:– typical propagation model (Erceg)typical propagation model (Erceg)
– 90% coverage @ 8-FSK modulation90% coverage @ 8-FSK modulation
© Airspan Networks Inc.
Radio PlanningRadio Planning
• Based on off the shelf software (Hexagon)Based on off the shelf software (Hexagon)
– MapInfo as a GIS platformMapInfo as a GIS platform
– Variety of digital map formats supportedVariety of digital map formats supported
– Coverage and Interference AnalysisCoverage and Interference Analysis
– Capacity ModuleCapacity Module
– Automatic Frequency Allocation AlgorithmAutomatic Frequency Allocation Algorithm
© Airspan Networks Inc.
WipLL air MAC Protocol WipLL air MAC Protocol
© Airspan Networks Inc.
• PPMA (Preemptive Polling Multiple Access Protocol ) :
– Adaptive TDMA
– Centrally coordinated
– Knowledge of available and required resources
– Intelligent polling of users
– Optimized for time bounded applications
– Supports 126 users (CPEs) per each Base Station Radio (BSR)
WipLL Air ProtocolWipLL Air Protocol
© Airspan Networks Inc.
Quality of Service – built in PPMAQuality of Service – built in PPMA• The ability to recognize the type of the transmission and assign
bandwidth and other resources accordingly
• Used by BSR when allowing access to different SPRs
WEB Browsing
File Transfer
Voice over IP
FTP
© Airspan Networks Inc.
Efficient Packet transmission within PPMAEfficient Packet transmission within PPMA
• Data packets are cut into fragments
• The length of the fragments is dynamic according to BER
• CRC is calculated for every fragment
• Re-transmissions are done on fragments only !
© Airspan Networks Inc.
WipLL Target Market SectorsWipLL Target Market Sectors
Residential
SOHO
SME
© Airspan Networks Inc.
Who buys WipLL?Who buys WipLL?
Customers:
Operators ISPs Utility companies
Opportunities: Rural, sub urban and urban areas Developed and developing countries Complementary solution for ADSL or CATV
© Airspan Networks Inc.
WipLL ComponentsWipLL Components
Base S tation
SectorBase S tation
S ite
Subscribers
© Airspan Networks Inc.
BSRSDA
CAT5
OMNI DirectionalAntenna
10BT
Base Station Site - Minimum ConfigurationBase Station Site - Minimum Configuration
WipLL ComponentsWipLL Components
© Airspan Networks Inc.
Interface unit (e.g. Router, Switch)
WipLL ComponentsWipLL Components
Base Station Site - Basic ConfigurationBase Station Site - Basic Configuration
IP ATM Other
BSR
BSDU
-48Vdc
100baseTBSPS
BSR BSR BSR BSR BSR
GPS
© Airspan Networks Inc.
BSR
BSDU
BSR BSR BSR BSR BSRBSR
BSDU
BSR BSR BSR BSR BSRBSR
BSDU
BSR BSR BSR BSR BSR
WipLL ComponentsWipLL Components
Base Station Site - Maximum ConfigurationBase Station Site - Maximum Configuration
BSR
BSDU
-48Vdc
100baseTBSPS
BSR BSR BSR BSR BSR
GPS
IP ATM Other
Interface unit (e.g. Router, Switch)
© Airspan Networks Inc.
WipLL ComponentsWipLL Components
SPR
SDA 100-240Vac
Subscriber Premises Site:Subscriber Premises Site:Single SubscriberSingle Subscriber
© Airspan Networks Inc.
WipLL’s IDRWipLL’s IDR
Power Supply Unit
IDR 100-240 Vac
Subscriber Premise Site: IDR (with external antenna) Subscriber Premise Site: IDR (with external antenna)
PC
To BSR External antenna
RFCable
© Airspan Networks Inc.
Operations and Management SystemsOperations and Management Systems
WipManageTM - network elements manager: User friendly GUI Windows based – runs on PC Works in conjunction with Access DB Configuration (QoS, security, routing, etc) Performance monitoring Trap management Software upgrade Multi Device operation
WipConfigTM - local configuration tool Runs on PC and on PDA (new!)
© Airspan Networks Inc.
WipLL ApplicationsWipLL Applications
IP Routing and PPPoE bridgingIP Routing and PPPoE bridging
WipLL and ATM: Traffic EngineeringWipLL and ATM: Traffic Engineering
WipLL VPNsWipLL VPNs
© Airspan Networks Inc.
SPR
Base Station Site
1
n
BSR
RAG
SDA
PPPoE clients
SDA
PPPoE clients
PSTN
Backbone:IP / ATM / FR / MPLS
SDA
SPR
SPR
BSDU
10BaseT
BSDU
BSDU
BSDU
Router / switch
BSPS
GPS
HEG+
Gatekeeper
WipLL using PPPoE for Internet access and IP for VoIP
Router / Switch
PPPoE server
(BRAS)
Internet
© Airspan Networks Inc.
SPR: VLAN 60
Base Station Site
1
n
BSRSDA
SDA
ATMNetwork
SDA
SPR: VLAN 80
BSDU
10BaseT
BSDU
BSDU
BSDU
ATM switch
BSPS
Power
GPS
WipLL in ATM based network: ATM Switch converts 802.1Q to VCs
SDA
SPR: VLAN 60
SPR: VLAN 80
VC # 1
VC # 2
SPRs mark VLAN IdsATM switch maps:VLAN 60 VC#1VLAN 80 VC #2
© Airspan Networks Inc.
SPR#1: VLAN 60
Base Station Site
1
n
BSRSDA
SDA
IP backbone
SDA
SPR#3: VLAN 80
BSDU
10BaseT
BSDU
BSDU
BSDU
IP router
BSPS
Power
GPS
Using 802.1Q for VPNs
SDA
SPR#4: VLAN 60
SPR#2: VLAN 80
SPR#1, SPR#4 use VLAN ID 60SPR#1, SPR#4 use VLAN ID 80
SPR#1, SPR#4 are in branches of one clinicSPR#2, SPR#3 are inbranches of another clinic
© Airspan Networks Inc.
WipLL RoadmapWipLL Roadmap
© Airspan Networks Inc.
WipLL roadmap – contents (1)WipLL roadmap – contents (1)
• WipLL 4.0 – contents
– Improvements for VoIP support
– PDA: General release
– BSDU FE ports – support all modes
– Software support for MMDS and 3.X TDD/FDD – for trials
– Auto Download
© Airspan Networks Inc.
WipLL roadmap – contents (2)WipLL roadmap – contents (2)
• WipLL 4.2 – contents
– 3.5 GHz: 1.75MHz, Power Control
– Battery back/up solution for CPE
– Sleep mode for CPE
– Admission control
© Airspan Networks Inc.
WipLL Vs other WLL vendorsWipLL Vs other WLL vendors
© Airspan Networks Inc.
WipLL: advantages in all OSI layers – layer IWipLL: advantages in all OSI layers – layer I
• WipLL: Cables between Outdoor Unit to Indoor Unit are standard CAT 5 Ethernet cables – in CPE and in Base Station
• Competitors use IF or RF cables
– WipLL’s physical installation is more cost effective
– WipLL’s physical installation is easier
© Airspan Networks Inc.
WipLL: advantages in all OSI layers – layer IWipLL: advantages in all OSI layers – layer I
• WipLL: Modular Base Station architecture
Min: BSR+SDA, Max: 24BSRs+4 BSDUs
Add BSRs when needed, add BSDUs when needed
• Competitors use chassis based architecture
– WipLL: more flexible
– WipLL: pay as you grow
– WipLL’s Base Station saves money and space
© Airspan Networks Inc.
WipLL: advantages in all OSI layers – layer IIWipLL: advantages in all OSI layers – layer II
• WipLL: PPMA MAC protocol is extremely efficient:
– 80% utilization
– Efficiency does not decrease with number of CPEs
– No collisions
– Was planned especially for WLL (not imported from W-LAN)
– Equal chance of near and far users
– Built in QoS: ideal for all applications, including VoIP
© Airspan Networks Inc.
WipLL: advantages in all OSI layers – layer IIWipLL: advantages in all OSI layers – layer II
ChannelUtilization
4 5 7 86 9 40 Number OfSubscribers
20%
80%85%
CSMA
PPMA
75%
© Airspan Networks Inc.
WipLL: advantages in all OSI layers – layer IIIWipLL: advantages in all OSI layers – layer III
• WipLL is both IP router and PPPoE bridge
• Most competitors: bridging only
– IP routing is more efficient
– Inherent IP routing often saves additional hardware
– Inherent IP routing simplifies the network management: One NMS for for the WLL system and for routing
© Airspan Networks Inc.
WipLL: advantages in all OSI layers – layers II-VIIWipLL: advantages in all OSI layers – layers II-VII
• Enhanced QoS based on addresses, protocols and applications
• Enhanced IP filters based on addresses, protocols and applications
• Rich networking package:– 802.1p/Q
– DiffServ/TOS Interoperability Traffic engineering Security
© Airspan Networks Inc.
WipLL and xDSLWipLL and xDSL
© Airspan Networks Inc.
WipLL and xDSLWipLL and xDSL
• xDSL depends on existence of copper
• Quality of copper and width of copper are varying in different locations
• xDSL has difficulties in providing a similar level of service to customers (different bandwidth in different distance)
• xDSL suffers from high initial costs and high cost of DSLAM
• Maintenance costs of xDSL are high
• xDSL supports only limited distances
• ADSL does not fit business customers because of asymmetry
• ADSL does not fit symmetric applications (like Video games)
© Airspan Networks Inc.
WipLL and xDSLWipLL and xDSL
• WLL: no need for copper, no dependency on reliability of copper
• WipLL’s Base Station is much more modular than a DSLAM
• WipLL has lower initial costs than xDSL solutions
• WLL: less maintenance costs
• Longer distances: WipLL can reach more than 10KM, xDSL is for short distances only
• WipLL is ideal for Residential and business customers
• WipLL is ideal for all applications: symmetric, asymmetric
© Airspan Networks Inc.
WipLL and xDSL – some ideasWipLL and xDSL – some ideas
• xDSL cannot serve as the only solution:
– Use WipLL for ‘low initial costs start’
– Use WipLL for remote subscribers
– Use WipLL as infill for xDSL (in xDSL projects often the coverage reaches only 70%)
– Use WipLL for business customers
© Airspan Networks Inc.
WipLL Case StudyWipLL Case Study
© Airspan Networks Inc.
SpeedNet Project: JapanSpeedNet Project: Japan
• Customer: utility company
• Service: high speed Internet for residential end users
• Current contract: 30,000 end users
• Already connected: 20,000 end users
• Motivation: utilization of existing Fiber-Optic Backbone
• Micro cell concept:– BSRs are installed on electric poles
– Using external omni antenna
• Features in use:– Auto Connect
– PPPoE bridging
– Fairness
© Airspan Networks Inc.
Base Station on a poleBase Station on a pole
BSR is in the
Outdoor Enclosure
© Airspan Networks Inc.
BSR (E)
Optical to EthernetConvertor (A)
Power Supply (B)Omni-directionalAntenna (D)
External Surround for Product Assembly (C)
-48 VDC
10BT
WipLL – BSR on poleWipLL – BSR on pole
© Airspan Networks Inc.
BSR on a PoleBSR on a Pole
© Airspan Networks Inc.
External Antenna on the poleExternal Antenna on the pole
© Airspan Networks Inc.
You are now a WipLL You are now a WipLL expert - expert - thanks !!thanks !!
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