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– 1 –
OOLLEEDD
OLED EL nminjection
exciton4
1) s=0 25%s=1 75%
100 75
OLED1950
OLED2) 1997 1
triplet-triplet annihilation : TTA OLED
OLED1950 1990
3,4) Eu 5) Tb 6)
77K1990 PtOEP7) Ir(ppy)38,9) Pt Ir
100% EL IQE 2 Ir
Ir 2t1510)
2012 3(Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence, TADF)
11) TADF
1930100
11)
– 2 –
TTAADDFF TADF
T1 S1 S0 3TADF TADF
T1 S1
Reverse Intersystem Crossing RISC S1 S1 S0
Radiative decay
RISC (T1 S1) T1 S0 nonradiative decay RISC kRISCT1 S0 knr' kRISC > knr'S1 S0 S1 S0 S1 S0
kr S1 S0 knr
2 kRISC > knr' kr > knr TADF
Year
Inte
rnal
EL ef
ficien
cy (%
)
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020
100
50
75
25
0
AnthraceneSingle Crystal
p-n type
Guest-hostdoping system
Keto-CoumarinLow temp phos.
PtOEP
Ir(ppy)3
4CzIPN
PIC-TRZ
SnF2 (OEP)Double hetero
TTA
N
O
O
N
ON
Al
N
N
N
Ir
Anthracenederivatives
N NPt
N N
62.5%
1st -GFluorescence
2nd-GPhosphorescence
3rd-GTADF
11 OOLLEEDD TTAADDFFTTTTAA
– 3 –
110000
2255 7755TTAADDFF
kRISC > knr' kRISC EST
kRISC EST kRISC exp(−ΔEST)EST kRISC S1 T1
Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital, HOMO Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital, LUMO 1 HOMO LUMO
EST 1EST HOMO LUMO 2 K (
EST =2K) K HOMO LUMO 1)
𝐾𝐾 = ∬𝜙𝜙%(1)𝜙𝜙)(2)+,-.𝜙𝜙%(2)𝜙𝜙)(1) 𝑑𝑑𝜏𝜏+𝑑𝑑𝜏𝜏1 （式１）
(f) f
(µ) ( 2)
𝜇𝜇 = ∬𝜙𝜙3454 |𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒|𝜙𝜙%)54𝑑𝑑𝜏𝜏 （式２）
HOMO LUMOHOMO LUMO 11) EST
TADF HOMO LUMOS1 S0 S1 S0
HOMO LUMOEST
TADF EST kRISC EST
kRISC T S 1 µ skRISC 1)
𝑘𝑘:;<= = 𝐴𝐴exp(−DEFGHIJ
)
kRISC 2EST EST
– 4 –
A
A ≈⟨NO|3PQ|NR⟩
DEFG
HSO −(Fi) (Ff)
n-p* ATADF D-A
n-p*n-p* TADF
CT CT (1CT)CT (3CT)
3LE 312)
El-Sayed CT CTLE LE
T S CTLE Mixing CT LE 12,13) through-
space14) CT
((kkRRIISSCC)) DDEESSTT
TADF D-A
TADF2014 D-A n-p*
TADF 15) − PLQY 30250ns
charge resonance HOMOLUMO TADF 16)
27nm
Pre-factor A
DDEST
– 5 –
TADF D-An-p*
17)
75
-
18)
25 T1 S1 RISC100% TADF
19) 100%1/4
RISC ~106 s–1
TADF
– 6 –
20)
nsµs Ir TADF
1 21)
TADF OPERA ( )
Kyulux
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and T. Ikuta, Adv. Mater., 28, 2777 (2016). 17) M. Mamada, K. Inada, T. Komino1, W. J. Potscavage, Jr., H. Nakanotani, C. Adachi, ACS
Central Science, 3, 769 (2017). 18) M. Inoue, T. Matsushima, H. Nakanotani, and C. Adachi, Chem. Phys. Lett., 624, 43 (2015). 19) H. Nakanotani, T. Furukawa, and C. Adachi, Adv. Opt. Mater., 3, 1381 (2015). 20) H. Nakanotani, T. Furukawa, T. Hosokai, T. Hatakeyama and C. Adachi, Adv. Opt. Mater.,
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