© life_edu Lecture 26 Part Ic. Animal and Human Cloning and Genetic Engineering Issues in...

© life_edu

Lecture 26

Part Ic. Animal and Human Cloning and Genetic Engineering

Issues in Biotechnology:The Way We Work With Life

Dr. Albert P. Kausch

life edu.us

Medical Biotechnology

Issues in Biotechnology:Biotechnology, Our Society and Our Future

OnCampus LiveOnCampus LiveBCH 190, MIC 190, AFS 190, NRS 190, PLS 190BCH 190, MIC 190, AFS 190, NRS 190, PLS 190

OnLine BCH 190OnLine BCH 190

A Sweeping General Survey on Life and BiotechnologyA Public Access College Course

The University of Rhode Island

Kimberly Nelson

Issues in Biotechnology:The Way We Work With Life

Dr. Albert P. Kausch

life edu.us

© life_edu

A Sweeping General Survey on Life and Biotechnology

The University of Rhode Island

Issues in Biotechnology:The Way We Work With Life

Dr. Albert P. Kausch

life edu.us

BCH 190BCH 190 Section II.

The Applications of Biotechnology

Where is DNA in a cell?

• All of the information for each protein in a cell is in it’s DNA• All of the information that codes for a complete organism is in DNA

Cloning AnimalsCloning and Genetic Engineering in Animals

Genetically Engineered AnimalsCloning and Genetic Engineering in Animals

How to Clone

Nuclear transfer procedures

This shows:

• All of the information that codes for an organism is in it’s DNA

• All of the DNA is the same in every cell

• DNA is located in the nucleus of the cell

An Organism can be cloned by transferring it’s DNA to an egg cell

Promoter Coding Sequence Terminator

Could we Genetically Engineer Cloned Animals?

Controlled expression“making protein”

Your favorite gene

VaccinesAntibodiesHigh Value ProteinsSpider Silk in Goats Milk

Stop transcriptionMessage stability

Genetically Modified somatic nuclei could be implanted into unfertilized eggs to create a genetically modified clone

Genetically Modified somatic nuclei could be implanted into unfertilized eggs to create a genetically modified clone

Transgenics and Cloned Animals

What is cloning?• A process whereby all members are directly descended

(asexually) from a single organism by……(various ways)

• Demonstrates that all the information required for an organism and its development are in the a single cell

Where is DNA in a cell?

• All of the information for each protein in a cell is in it’s DNA• All of the information that codes for a complete organism is in DNA

Principle• All cells are derived from a zygote

• All have the same genetic makeup

• All have the potential to develop into an individual

UCONN Clones

Many animals can now be cloned

sheepcattleporcinemice ratsmulesfrogs primates?

And Genetically Engineered

Primates2012

And Genetically Engineered

Many animals can now be cloned

Issues in Biotechnology

The ‘cloning’ of plants was demonstrated by Steward in 1958 at Cornell Univ. showing that plants could be grown back from a single cell. This ability is called “totipotency” and like the more recent examples of animal cloning, demonstrates:

(A) that all biological scientists are unethical and fraudulent

(B) that all of the DNA that codes for an entire organism is in every cell of that organism (C) Steward belonged to the group that called themselves the ‘Raeliens’ (D) the necessity to ban all types cloning(E) that the theory of evolution must be wrong

Could we Genetically Engineer Humans?

Your favorite gene

InsulinCancerAnti-OncogenesParkinson’sHuntington’sSCID

Beyond Therapy???

Promoter Coding Sequence Terminator

Controlled expression“making protein”

Stop transcriptionMessage stability

Cells from an amniocentesiscan be used for DNA sequence analysis. All of the genes for humans will be known.

Disease genes would be detected.

Cloned “correct” genes could be used for replacement.

Corrected nucleus could be delivered to an unfertilized egg.

Same baby without the defect.

Can humans be cloned and/or genetically engineered?Can humans be cloned and/or genetically engineered?

Could we Genetically Engineer Humans?

The Tay Sachs Dilemma

Do You Think We Do You Think We Should We Should We

Genetically Engineer Genetically Engineer Humans?Humans?

(A) yes(B) no(C) depends on the circumstance

Issues in Biotechnology

I would clone myself if that were possible.

(A) yes(B) no (C) undecided

The Possibilities of Human Cloning

To Clone or Not to Clone

For those who are interested in taking this For those who are interested in taking this course for college credit through the course for college credit through the

University of Rhode Island; University of Rhode Island; For more information please contact:For more information please contact:

  Issuesinbiotechnology190@gmail.comIssuesinbiotechnology190@gmail.com

CreditsCredits

Lectures by: Lectures by:

Edited by:Edited by:

Video Produced by:Video Produced by:

Thank You to The University of Rhode Island Thank You to The University of Rhode Island and all of the students of Issues in and all of the students of Issues in

Biotechnology over the yearsBiotechnology over the years

Dr. Albert KauschDr. Albert Kausch

Dr. Albert Kausch Dr. Albert Kausch and Kimberly Nelsonand Kimberly Nelson

Thaddeus WeaverThaddeus Weaver