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… we don’t have accidents
*It will never happen to me…
Jayne Hayward
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*The ostrich syndrome
*“I’ve been doing this job for over thirty years and I’ve never had an accident”
*“If we put everything in place that we’re supposed to we’d never get the job done”
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*Why do we feel this way?*No accidents may lead to ‘false sense of
security’
*Under-reporting
*‘we are safe’ mindset
*Lack of knowledge about the risks ….
We don’t need SMS because we don’t have accidents
COMPLACENCY
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*All it takes is a moment in time…Case study - Guard interlocking
SUMMARY
An employee severed his arm in a rotary valve to which access had been
gained through a hatch. He had been trying to clear a blockage.
The crop had blocked the cyclone causing the line to shut down. He
opened the access door in cyclone to clear wet product, which wasn't
dropping correctly onto conveyor. Instructed by the shift supervisor he
then opened another lower inspection hatch.
He was somehow grabbed by the conveyor. As he tried to put his arm
out to grab the edge of the hatch, he missed and his arm went into
valve. As a result his arm was severed below the elbow including two
fingers across top of hand - arm put back on and two fingers plus thumb.
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immediate causes: the agent of injury or ill health e.g.• the blade• the substance• the dust etc.
underlying causes: unsafe acts and unsafe conditions e.g.• the guard removed • the ventilation
switched off etc.
root causes: the failure from which all other failings grow (often remote in time and space from the adverse event e.g. • failure to identify
training needs and assess competence• low priority given to risk
assessment etc.• Lack of
maintenance/inspection
The Domino Theory
Source: HSE/HSG45
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Man slipping on a patch of oil
Inadequate health and safety management
Management not being committed to health and safety
Inadequatemaintenance Inadequate
housekeeping Lack of
supervision and monitoring
Accident investigationSource: HSE/HSG45
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*Cost of accidents
FinancialCriminal/Civil litigation
Damage to equipment
Loss of personnel/skill-set
Hidden costs
Downtime
Time for the investigation
Increased insurance costs
Decreased morale of workforce
Negative publicity
LegalCriminal proceedingsCivil law suits
Moral(human costs)Injured partyPhysical injuryLoss of livelihoodSocial life affectedCompanyStress of dealing with aftermathStress over potential litigation
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Key annual figures 2011/12
173 fatalities
111K RIDDOR reportable injuries
1.1m work-related illness
212K over-3-day absence injuries occurred (LFS)
27 million working days lost due to work-related illness and workplace injury
Workplace injuries and ill health (excluding cancer) costs to society an estimated £13.4 billion in 2010/11
Source: http://www.hse.gov.uk/statistics/
£1 insured costs
£8 > £36 Hidden/
uninsurable costs
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Andrew Pursey aged 21 yearsAndrew used the spike of the fore end loader to bring a large, half ton bag of fertiliser from the storage barn and then positioned it behind the fertiliser spreader at the rear end of the main vehicle.
The spreader tractor was parked with its engine off but Andrew left the engine running on the other vehicle and did not put the handbrake on.
He then went between the two vehicles to slit the fertiliser bag. He had his back to the older vehicle and because the yard was on a concrete slope it crept forward, gathered speed and crushed him between the two vehicles. His mobile telephone was in the spreader tractor cab and he could not summon help.
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*Prevention is better than cure
The cost of ‘putting things right’ far outweigh the cost of preventing an incident from happening in the first
placeSafety Management SystemsPro-active management
Trained personnelHorizon scanning
Effective communicationEmployee involvement in decision
making
Positive safety cultureRewarding safe practiceDisciplinary procedures
Safety meetings / tool-box talks
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DOCUMENTATION
QUESTIONSOBSERVATIONS
Pro-active
management
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*Drivers for pro-active risk
management
• Compensation claims
• Perception of stakeholders
• Adverse publicity
• Loss of business
• Fee for Intervention
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*Fee for intervention
• In operation from 1st October 2012
• Brought in as an incentive to operate within the Law
• Focus on high risk organisations
• HSE charge £124 per hour for inspections/investigation where there is found to be a ‘material breach’
Exceptions• Self-employed – except S3• Does not apply to Companies regulated by a LA, also;• licensable work with asbestos (for licence holders)• work activities involving biological agents at specified containment
levels
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*Material breach
‘A material breach is when, in the opinion of the HSE
inspector, there is or has been a contravention of health
and safety law that requires them to issue notice in
writing of that opinion to the duty-holder’
Guidance available on HSE website HSE47
(Source: http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/hse47.pdf)
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*Mitigating the impact of workplace
accidents
• Policy and procedures for managing incidents
• Trained personnel / allocated duties
• Appropriate level of First Aid cover – early intervention• First Aiders trained in specific occupational risks e.g. hazardous
chemicals
• De-fibrillators available
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*Changes to First Aid
Guidance applies from 1st October 2013 (currently in draft form)
The requirement for HSE to approve the training and qualifications of appointed first-aid personnel to be removed
Training Providers will be required to meet certain standards set by HSE
Legal requirement for employers to ensure they have an adequate number of suitably trained first aiders (or appointed
persons) in accordance with their first aid needs assessment remains unchanged
Source: http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/priced/l74draft.pdf
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*Changes to RIDDOR
Reporting
Previously reported injuries that subsequently result in a fatality are reportable under RIDDOR by telephoning the incident contact centre (ICC) or by submitting a duplicate form online…
Increase in period from over 3 consecutive days lost-time injury to over 7 consecutive days
Details of over 3 day injuries (listed in the Regulations) must still be formally recorded
CONSULTATIVE DOCUMENT
Proposals to simplify/clarify RIDDOR reporting requirements (CD243)
6th April 2012
Source: http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/priced/l73.pdf
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*Discussion points……
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