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Electoral Roll : List of voters
Basic document for the conduct of election
Corner stone of any election
Electoral Roll
Indian Context Voters: Minimum age for registration 18
years ( Sec.19, R.P.Act, 1950)
Qualifying Date: 1st day of January of the year
in which the electoral roll is prepared or
revised (Sec. 14(b) R.P. Act, 1950)
A person ordinarily residing in a constituency
entitled to be registered in the electoral roll.
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Indian Context (Contd..)
A person not to be enrolled as a voter in more than
one place in the same constituency or in more than
one constituency (Sec. 17 and 18 of R.P. Act, 1950)
The Electoral Registration Officer (ERO) responsible
for the preparation of Electoral Rolls for an
Assembly /Parliamentary constituency.
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Useful forms
Various forms useful for registration as voters,
corrections, changes in address etc.
For inclusion of names Form 6
For any objection on inclusion of names Form 7
For correction of entries in the electoral rolls Form 8
For transposition of entry in electoral roll Form
8A
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Evolutionary changes Persistent efforts by the ECI to improve the
quality of electoral roll.
Initially no monitorable parameters were defined
vis-à-vis the demographic characteristics of the
area.
Enumerators appointed on an adhoc basis.
One ERO catered to many assembly segments.
The idea of EPIC card for each voter
revolutionary.
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Electoral Roll started having the photograph of electors.
Permanent enumerators in the form of BLOs.
One ERO for each assembly segment.
Monitorable and objective parameters judging the logical consistency in the electoral rolls.
Immense interface with information technology.
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Evolutionary changes (Contd..)
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Entries of all eligible electors’ names
Removal of all dead, shifted & ineligible voters
Repetition or duplication
Mistakes in entries
Correct photograph
Accessibility
Centralized electoral database with on-line
database management system
Challenges
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Safety & security of Roll database
BLOs –Custodians of Roll apart from their
departmental duties
Maximization of Photo / EPIC coverage to 100%
Management of Roll / EPIC vendors
Continuous updation /maintenance of Roll
Satisfaction of stakeholders
Challenges (Contd...)
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Enrolment of all eligible electors’ names: Easier in rural areas Difficult in urban areas
Focus on the weaker and vulnerable sections of the society.
Special focus on nomadic tribes, pavement dwellers
Entries of all eligible electors’ names
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Verification of persons in the roll- not
eligible for being included in the electoral
roll.
Identification of shifted electors
Removal of all dead voters
Ensuring that no non-citizen finds a place in
the electoral roll.
Removal of all dead, shifted & ineligible voters
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Identification & deletion of repeated/duplicate entries
Duplication of electors within a part – Easy to detect
Duplication of electors within one AC – ERO level
Duplication of electors within a district – District Level
Duplication of electors within the state – centralized database
Centralized database & de-duplication software to help in identifying the duplicate entries in the roll
Repetition or Duplication
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Particulars of the electors to be error free
Spelling of the names of electors, their
relations, date of birth, address etc to be
error free.
Mistakes in recording of date of birth/age and
the correct recording of addresses.
Mistake in Entries
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Mismatch in photographs – change the identity of the electors
Incorrect Photographs- Erosion in credibility of Electoral Roll
Old technique of keeping the image database and electors’ database separately and matching it with EPIC nos. at the time of PER printing had flaws
New system of keeping photos in binary format in the UNICODE electoral roll database has resolved the problem of photo mismatch
Correct Photograph
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For checking of duplicate entries
For generation of online EPICs
For easy accessibility
For transparency
For search query / engine
For shifting / migratory electors
For its broad based use
Centralized electoral database with on-line database management system
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To verify the identity of the electors
To stop bogus voting
The challenge - Having 100% photo coverage of
the electors.
To collect the actual recent photograph of each
and every elector against his details.
Generation of EPICs against collected
Photographs
Distribution of EPICs to all non-residual electors
Maximization of Photo/EPIC Coverage to 100%
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Easy availability in the public domain
Online Database
Search Facility
Call Centres
Kiosks
Accessibility
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Any online & easily accessible database
requires stringent safety
Safety at the frontend- at the user end
Safety at the backend- at the server end
Replication of database at various levels
/points – for its retrieval due to damage / loss
Safety of cables / leased lines
Digital signatures for access to database
Safety & Security of Roll database
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BLOs – Mostly staff of various departments like
Revenue, Rural Development, Education etc.
Most effective mechanism for cleaning of rolls
Primarily engaged in their departmental duties
Custodians of Roll
During Revision Period- Deputed to the ECI
BLOs-Custodians of Roll apart from their department duties
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Role of vendors – important in preparation of
roll / EPICs
Selection – on the basis of technical capability
& infrastructure
Regular training by SLA
Constant supervision & regular monitoring
Management of Roll/EPIC Vendors
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Cleaning of roll- not one time business
Addition of new electors
Deletion of dead / shifted electors
Modification of entries due to change of
address
Change of photographs
Continuous updation/ maintenance of Roll
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The biggest challenge
Satisfaction of electors as error free
document
Satisfaction of political parties as clean roll
Satisfaction of media as credible document
Satisfaction of electoral machinery as reliable
document
Satisfaction of stakeholders
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Permanent cadre of election officers down up to
booth level :
To enhance the accountability
To enhance the sense of ownership of the electoral
documents
With tremendous infusion of IT into the
preparation and maintenance of electoral roll,
permanent data centers at district, sub division
and block level manned with people having IT
skills as well as the technical knowledge of the
elections required
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