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CS101: Introduction to Computing
Instructors:Dr. Fawad Hussain, Dr. Rashad Jilani, Engr.
Ahmad Sohaib, Engr. Zawar Hussain, Engr.Usman Raa ! Dr. Ahmar Rashid.
Facult" o# $om%ut&r Sci&nc& andEngin&&ring
'I( Institut& o# Engin&&ring Sci&nc&s and
)&chnolog"
Fall 2015
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Course Information
Instructors Dr. Fawad Hussain, #awadhussain*gi+i.&du.%+ Dr. Rashad ilaniillani*gi+i.&du.%+
Engr. Ahmad Sohaib Engr. Zawar Hussain Engr. Usman Raa Dr. Ahmar Rashid., '-/, ahmar.rashid*gi+i.&du.%+
$ours& )imings )wo 0&ctur&s %&r w&&+ 1 )u&sda" 234 %m, )hursda" 5 am6 7n& lab %&r w&&+ 1)hr&& Hours6 8as $S2209
7##ic& Hours to b& announc&d
mailto:fawadhussain@giki.edu.pkmailto:jillani@giki.edu.pkmailto:usman@giki.edu.pkmailto:usman@giki.edu.pkmailto:jillani@giki.edu.pkmailto:fawadhussain@giki.edu.pk7/25/2019 1 Introduction-CS101-Fall2015.ppt
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General Course Description
)h& Stud&nt will b& #amiliari&d with: Histor", r&s&nt and Futur& o# $om%uting.
Introduction to $om%uting Hardwar&
Introduction to $om%uting So#twar&
Introduction to rogramming $om%ut&rs
D&tail&d cours& cont&nts will b& u%load&d on th&cours& w&bsit& 1 htt%:;;253.2
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Text Boos )&>t ?oo+s
D&it&l ! D&it&l, @$ How to rogram,Fourth;Fi#th Edition,J J arson and Dan 7a, @$om%ut&r
$onc&%tsB, Cth&dition
R&r&nc& ?oo+s and at&rialrogramming and robl&m Soling with
$ b" &ll Dal& and $hi% G&&ms7nlin& )utorials;R&r&nc& at&rial
2. htt%:;;www.c%lus%lus.com;doc;tutorial;
3. htt%:;;www.c%rogramming.com;tutorial;c
-tutorial.html4. htt%:;;&n.wi+iboo+s.org;wi+i;?asic$
om%utingUsingGindows
http://www.cplusplus.com/doc/tutorial/http://www.cprogramming.com/tutorial/c++-tutorial.htmlhttp://www.cprogramming.com/tutorial/c++-tutorial.htmlhttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Basic_Computing_Using_Windowshttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Basic_Computing_Using_Windowshttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Basic_Computing_Using_Windowshttp://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Basic_Computing_Using_Windowshttp://www.cprogramming.com/tutorial/c++-tutorial.htmlhttp://www.cprogramming.com/tutorial/c++-tutorial.htmlhttp://www.cplusplus.com/doc/tutorial/7/25/2019 1 Introduction-CS101-Fall2015.ppt
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Course Grading
Assignm&nts;ro&ct 15!
ui&s 15 !
id )&rm E>amination 25! Final E>amination "5!
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#ssignments and $ui%es
A numb&r o# assignm&nts and ui&s will b& ta+&n
Announc&d and;or unannounc&d ui&s ma" b&
gi&n to stud&nts an" tim& during;a#t&r th& l&ctur&
Gorst ui ma" b& dro%%&d at th& &nd o# th& cours&
Cop&ing'c(eating in assignments and t(e
pro)ect is categoricall& pro(i*ited and is su*)ect
to se+ere punis(ment,
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#ssignment and $ui%
-et(odolog& o lagiarismK .lagiarismis din&d in dictionari&s as th& Lwrong#ul
a%%ro%riation,L Lclos& imitation,L or @%ublicationL o#
anoth&r authorMs Llanguag&, thoughts, id&as, or&>%r&ssions,L and th& r&%r&s&ntation o# th&m as on&Ns
own original wor+ 1sourc&: www.wi+i%&dia.org6
$an "ou consult;collaborat& with &ach oth&rK
$onsulting &ach oth&r in th& assignm&nts KO&rball"
$onsulting &ach oth&r in th& ui&s K ot at all
http://www.wikipedia.org/http://www.wikipedia.org/7/25/2019 1 Introduction-CS101-Fall2015.ppt
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Course /*)ecti+e
Focus on th& br&adth-#irst co&rag& o# com%ut&rsci&nc& disci%lin&
Introduction to com%uting &nironm&nts
g&n&ral a%%lication so#twar&
basic com%uting hardwar&
o%&rating s"st&ms
d&s+to% %ublishing Int&rn&t
so#twar& a%%lications and tools
basic so#twar& &ngin&&ring and in#ormation t&chnolog"
conc&%ts
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Course Contents art 2: / l&ctur&s:
Introduction com%ut&rs and a%%lications
histor" o# com%uting
Introduction to hardwar& and so#twar&
$om%on&nts o# a com%ut&r
ardare Concepts data r&%r&s&ntation
numb&r s"st&ms
con&rsion m&thods
AS$II;Unicod&
micro%roc&ssors
m&mor"
storag& d&ic&s
In%ut;out%ut d&ic&s
Computer Softare s"st&m so#twar&
a%%lication so#twar&
o%&rating s"st&ms
Firmwar&
etor BuildingBlocs adantag&s o# n&twor+ing
disadantag&s;chall&ng&s
%os&d b" n&twor+ing
n&twor+s sco%& !
classi#ication
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Course Contents art 3: 3/ l&ctur&s:
$;$ histor"
#low charts ! %s&udocod&
assignm&nt o%&rators
d&cision ma+ing
&ualit" ! r&lational o%&rators
control structur&s I# stat&m&nt
I#P&ls& stat&m&nt
n&st&d control structur&s
switch multi%l&-s&l&ction stat&m&nt
incr&m&nt and d&cr&m&nt o%&rators
)h& &ss&ntials o# r&%&tition
1loo%s6 count&r control r&%&tition
s&ntin&l-controll&d r&%&tition
whil& stat&m&nt
doPwhil& stat&m&nt
#or stat&m&nt th& br&a+ and continu& stat&m&nts
#unctions #unction dinitions
#unction %rotot"%&s
calling #unctions call b" alu&
call b" r&r&nc&
random numb&r g&n&ration
storag& class&s
sco%& rul&s
arra"s d&claring arra"s
&>am%l&s
%assing arra"s to #unctions
s&arching arra"s
oint&rs
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Computers and #pplications
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Computers and #pplications
$ommunications
Ent&rtainm&nt
Education Sci&nti#ic com%uting
So man" a%%lications
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# Tool for Communication 3arl& telecommunications
Smo+& signals on& o# th& old&st #orms o# long-distanc&, isual communication
w&r& us&d in orth Am&rica and $hina
Drums us&d b" nati&s in A#rica, &w 'uin&a and South Am&rica
ig&ons ha& b&&n usedto gr&at #&ct in militar" situations
First isual t&l&gra%h" 1or s&ma%hor&6 s"st&m
?uilt in 2C53, b" a Fr&nch &ngin&&r, $laud& $ha%%& built b&tw&&n 0ill& and aris
First &l&ctrical t&l&gra%h" was an &l&ctroch&micalN t&l&gra%h cr&at&d b" th& '&rman %h"sician,
anatomist and in&ntor Samu&l )homas on SQmm&ring in 2=5
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# Tool for Communication
Gir&l&ss t&l&gra%h" In 2=43, Jam&s 0indsa" ga& a
classroom d&monstration o# wir&l&ss
t&l&gra%h" to his stud&nts In 2=54, addr&ssing th& Fran+lin Institut&, i+ola
)&sla d&scrib&d and d&monstrat&d in d&tail th&
%rinci%l&s o# wir&l&ss t&l&gra%h"
Radio and t&l&ision
$om%ut&r &twor+s and Int&rn&t
A radio o%&rator
r&c&iing a wir&l&ss
t&l&gra%h" m&ssag&
using a radio wa&
bas&d arconi magn&tic
d&t&ctor c.254
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# Tool for Communication
Chat
Searching
Social Networking
Content Sharing
Blog
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# Tool for 3ntertainment
Multimedia
Games
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Computer 4e+olution
Google Ser+ers
-ars
4o+er
Flig(t
Simulator
6eara*le Computer
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Computer
G& +now how to us& a com%ut&r
G& ha& an id&a wh&r& it stands toda"
7U ha& to contribut& towards its #utur&
ow l&tMs loo+ at what it is and th& mod&st
b&ginnings #rom wh&r& it &ol&d
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istor& of Computer
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6(at is a Computer 78189
A com%ut&r is a machinethat inputs1ta+&s in6 #acts and in#ormation 1+nown as
data*6
th&nprocesses1do&s som&thing to or with6 it
can also storedata
a#t&rwards it outputs, or dis%la"s, th& r&sults #or
"ou to s&&
* Data is all +inds o# in#ormation, including,%ictur&s, l&tt&rs, numb&rs, and sounds
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6(at is a Computer 78289
)h& s&ri&s o# instructions that t&ll
a com%ut&r how to carr" out th& %roc&ssing
tas+ is r&rr&d to as th& com%ut&r %rogram
A com%ut&r so#twar& usuall" consists o# man"
%rograms d&sign&d to %&r#orm s%&ci#ic tas+s
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6(at is a Computer 7889
)h& dining #&atur& o# mod&rn com%ut&rs which
distinguish&s th&m #rom all oth&r machin&s is that
th&" can b&programmed
a list o# instructions 1th&program6 can b& gi&n to th&com%ut&r &.g.,
add on& numb&r to anoth&r
mo& som& data #rom on& location to anoth&r
s&nd a m&ssag& to som& &>t&rnal d&ic&, &tc
it will stor& th&m 1in memory6
and carr" th&m out 1execute6 som& tim& in #utur& Usuall" in th& sam& ord&r in which th& instructions w&r& gi&n
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istor& of Computer 78189
)h& #irst us& o# th& word LcomputerL was
r&cord&d in 2
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istor& of Computer 78289
)h& histor" o# th& mod&rn com%ut&r b&gins
with two s&%arat& t&chnologi&sAutomat&d $alculation
rogrammabilit"
Earl" com%ut&rs w&r& mechanical
calculating devicessuch asAbacus, 4 ?.$
Slid& rul&
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istor& of Computer 7889
C(inese #*acus: for performing arithmetic processes
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istor& of Computer 78"89
Slide 4ule: for performing multiplication, division, computing
roots, logarithms, trigonometric functions
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istor& of Computer 78589
3I#C- Electronic Numerical Integrator And
Computer - was th& #irst g&n&ral-%ur%os&
&l&ctronic com%ut&r d&&lo%&d around 25T -I.S
w&igh&d 4tons
si& was roughl" ?,5 x x ?0 feet
contain&d around 5 million (and8soldered )oints consum&d 150 6 o# %ow&r enough to dim the lights of
Philadelphia when it was run!
In%ut was gi&n #rom an I? card r&ad&r
An I? card %unch was us&d #or out%ut
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istor& of Computer 78@89
Gor+ing
on,
rath&r
inside ,
3I#C
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istor& of Computer 78A89
IB- .unc( Card: Programs and data were punched by hand or
a keypunchmachine and read into a card reader
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T(e future of computers
predicted in t(e past
I think there is a world market for maybe five
computers "homas #atson, chairman of I$%, &'()
Computers in the future may weigh no more
than &* tons Popular %echanics, &'('
"here is no reason anyone would want a
computer in their home+en lson, CE, -igital E.uipment Corp, &'//
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T&pes of Computers
D&s+to%
0a%to%
)abl&t $ Gor+ Station
la" Station
ini #ram& com%ut&rs ain #ram& com%ut&rs
Su%&r $om%ut&rs
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43
Four ind of Computers1 -icrocomputers
most wid&l" us&d and th& #ast&st-growing Destop Computersar& small &nough to #it on to% or along th&
sid& o# a d&s+ and "&t ar& too big to carr" around. &rsonal $om%ut&rs Gor+stations 1high &nd microcom%ut&r #or t&chnical;sci&nti#ic com%uting6
.orta*le Computersar& small &nough and light &nough tomo& &asil" #rom on& %lac& to anoth&r. 0a%to%s: 2-2< %ounds in w&ight ot&boo+s: /-2 %ounds in w&ight Subnot&boo+s: 3-< %ounds in w&ight
&rsonal Digital Assistants: Also +nown as %almto%com%ut&rs and handh&ld $s. )h&" combin& %&n in%ut,writing r&cognition and communication ca%abiliti&s
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44
2 -inicomputers D&s+ si& machin&s. Fall b&tw&&n microcomputersand mainframe
com%ut&rs in th&ir %roc&ssing s%&&ds and data-storing ca%abiliti&s.
ight b& us&d #or researc(or monitoringa%articular manu#acturing %roc&ss.
Small&r com%ani&s ha& b&&n usingminicom%ut&rs #or th&ir data %roc&ssing n&&dssuch as accounting'*illing s&stems.
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4T
-ainframe Computers
0arg& com%ut&rs. $a%abl& o# gr&at %roc&ssing s%&&ds and data-
storing.
)h&" ar& us&d b" large organi%ationsV
*usiness, *ans, go+ernment agencies&tc Vto handl& millions o# transactions.
For &>am%l&, airline companiesus&
main#ram& com%ut&rs to %roc&ss in#ormation
about millions o# tra&l&rs.
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4/
" Supercomputers
)h& most %ow&r#ul t"%& o# com%ut&r is th&su%&rcom%ut&r.
)h&s& machin&s ar& s%&cial, high-ca%acit"
com%ut&rs us&d b" +er& large organi%ations.
For &>am%l&, #S#us&s su%&rcom%ut&rs totrac+ and control space explorations.
Su%&rcom%ut&rs ar& also us&d #or oil
exploration, simulationsand worldwid&
w&ath&r #or&casting.
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Components of aComputer
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.arts of a Computer
)h&r& ar& two main %arts o# com%ut&rs,
hardwar& and so#twar&
Hardwareis all o# th& %arts o# th& com%ut&r "oucan s&& and touch. E.g., onitor, (&"board, roc&ssor, &mor", $ircuits,
$abl&s &tc
Softwarer&rs to %arts o# th& com%ut&r which do
not ha& a mat&rial #orm. E.g.,
Data, rograms, rotocols &tc
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Computer :
#n 3xternal oo $asing 8with com%on&nts insid&9
Ne0t slide
onitor 0&ts th& us&r s&& how th& com%ut&r is
r&s%onding to th&ir command (&"board
For &nt&ring t&>t commands
ous& oint-and-$lic+ int&r#ac& #or
int&racting with gra%hical
&nironm&nt
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Computer:
Internal Components 78189
Insid& th& casing, w& ha& a built-in %ow&r su%%l"along with:
oth&rboard It is th& c&ntral %rint&d circuit board 1$?6 wh&r& th& cor&
com%on&nts o# "our com%ut&r r&sid& %roid&s slots to host microprocessor, memory, driver
controllers, graphics card, modem, network card &tc
also %roid&s &l&ctrical conn&ctions b" which th&s& host&d
com%on&nts communicat& Hard Dis+ Dri&
&rman&nt storag& #or data and %rograms. Also,
normall", "our o%&rating s"st&m is install&d h&r&.
$D-R7 ; DOD la"&r
C
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Computer:
Internal Components 7889
-ot(er*oard: 1ockets 2 1lots
Slot for
Microprocessor
D!M
Memory
Slot
!"# Slot
$"raphics%
#&' Slot$sound, network,
modem%
'D( ) !! &onnector
$hard disk, &D+M%
#ower
&onnector
&ri%h&ral $om%on&nt Int&rconn&ct
Integrated Dri+e 3lectronics;
#T #ttac(ment
C t
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Computer:
Internal Components 78289
.oer Suppl&
C t
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Computer:
Internal Components 78"89
-icroprocessor
Grap(ics Card
C t
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Computer:
Internal Components 78589
etor Card4#-
Computer:
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Computer:
Internal Components 78@89
ard Dis Dri+e
DD 46
Computer: Internal Components 7 9
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Computer: Internal Components 7889
-ot(er*oard:
Connectors 2Ports
/ld S&stems: DE-5 RS-343
Ls&rial mous&L conn&ctor
/ld S&stems: /-%in;2=W
DI conn&ctor
eest S&stems
Us? ous&X
eest S&stems
Us? ("&board
1Uni&rsal S&rial ?us6
.S'2 e&*oard Connector .S'2 mouse Connector
.rinterE 3xternal CD dri+e
ip dri+eE ext, 'D and etc,
-odemE e&*oardE scanner
-ouseE external 'D E
-. pla&ers,
-onitor
C t
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Computer:
.erip(erals
A %&ri%h&ral d&ic& is an &ui%m&nt that might b&
add&d to a com%ut&r s"st&m to &nhanc& its
#unctionalit"
rint&r Digital cam&ra
Scann&r
ro&ctor Jo"stic+
'ra%hics tabl&t
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ext Time
Hardwar& ! So#twar& $onc&%ts
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4eferences
http344enwikibooksorg4wiki4$asic5Computing56si
ng5#indows
htt%:;;&n.wi+i%&dia.org;wi+i;$om%ut&r
htt%:;;www.cs.dartmouth.&du;#arid;t&aching;csT;summ&r.=;not&s;histor"o#com%uting;
htt%:;;#t%.arl.mil;Ymi+&;com%hist;&niac-stor".html
htt%:;;&d-th&l&n.org;com%-hist;?R0-&-h.html htt%:;;&n.wi+i%&dia.org;wi+i;oor&Nslaw
htt%:;;&n.wi+i%&dia.org;wi+i;oth&rboard
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