View
216
Download
1
Category
Tags:
Preview:
Citation preview
1
ITEPOctober 16, 2009
NICANICA ProjectProjectNNuclotron-baseduclotron-based I Ionon CColliderollider ffAAcilitycility
I.MeshkovI.Meshkovforfor NICA CollaborationNICA Collaboration
RFRC School-SeminarRFRC School-Seminar
2
ContentsIntroduction:
Relativistic nuclear physics today & “the physics case” of NICA
1. Two projects- FAIR/CBM & NICA/MPD
2. NICA scheme & layout
3. Heavy ions in NICA
3.1. Operation regime and parameters
3.2. Collider
4. Polarized particle beams in NICA
5. NICA project status and nearest plans
6. RHIC – on the way to √s = 5 GeV/u
Conclusion
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
3 I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
QGP formation and
hydrodynamic expansion
Hadronisation,hadronic phase
& chemical freeze-out
“Chemical freeze-out” – finish of inelastic interactions;“Kinetic freeze-out” – finish of elastic interactions.___________________________________ *) freeze-out – here means “to get rid”
Start of the collision
pre-equilibrium
Hadronic phase &kinetic freeze-out
What is The Mixed Phase? – - a mixture of QGP & barionic matter!
http://theor.jinr.ru/twiki-cgi/view/NICA/WebHome
Introduction: Relativistic nuclear physics today & “the physics case” of NICA
Evolution of collision region in NN Interaction
4
Introduction: Relativistic nuclear physics today & “the physics case” of NICA
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
The 1980th: AGS (BNL), NA49, NA50 and CERES at SPS (CERN),
STAR & PHENIX at RHIC (BNL)
Coming soon: ALICE at LHC (CERN)
(NA49) NA61 (2011?) at SPS (CERN)
STAR & PHENIX at RHIC (BNL) RHIC-BES
Precursors, Predecessors and Hints(Предвестники, предшественники и намёки)
1970 – Synchrophazotron (JINR): observation of
dd -jet : Ejet > 2mnc2 first cumulative effect! (V.Sviridov,
V.Stavinsky)
5
http://theor.jinr.ru/twiki-cgi/view/NICA/WebHome
n/n_nuclear
(n_nuclear = 0.16 fm-3)
Introduction: Relativistic nuclear physics today & “the physics case” of NICA
critR
HIC (2
009)
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
stars
6
Introduction: Relativistic nuclear physics today & “the physics case” of NICA
Киральная*) симметрия сильного взаимодействия – приближённая симметрия сильного взаимодействия относительно преобразований, меняющих чётность.
(ФЭС, т.2, «Сов. Энциклопедия», 1990)
*)chiral symmetry, от греч. cheir - рука
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
7
Introduction: Relativistic nuclear physics today & “the physics case” of NICA
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
Baryonic chemical potential [MeV]
Elab s GeV/u 5 3.60 10 4.73 30 7.75 80 12.42 RHIC (?) 158 17.36 NA49/61 (SPS)
NICA & CBM
1 fm/c ~ 3∙10-24 s
8
Introduction: Relativistic nuclear physics today & “the physics case” of NICA
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
Precursors, Predecessors and Hints (Contnd)
NA49 & NA50 at SPS 208Pb82+ x 208Pb82+, 2x158
GeV/u
Hypothesis of quark–gluon plasma (QGP) –
- a “mirage” never proved been observed
Nevertheless, there are all indications of a qualitatively new form of matter produced in
central Au x Au collisions at RHIC!(see further)
9
Introduction: Relativistic nuclear physics today & “the physics case” of NICA
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
Search for The Mixed Phase
ps
py
Anisotropy in momentum space
Result:
Elliptic flow of central fireball matter
What to look
for ?
One has to measure
the ellipticity parameter
(Etotal) = ps/py
10
Introduction: Relativistic nuclear physics today & “the physics case” of NICA
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
Search for The Mixed Phase (Contnd)What to look
for ?
Thermodynamics analog: boiling water –
- a flow of bubbles fluctuates
tremendously.
Which fluctuations?
Much more convincing: Fluctuations! They are “a sign” of the
mixed
phase: system becomes unstable
at the two-phases
stage!
11
Introduction: Relativistic nuclear physics today & “the physics case” of NICA
Search for The Mixed Phase (Contnd)What to look for ?
Pb + Pb
(Au + Au)
p+p
R
Main candidate: energy dependence of particle ratio and its fluctuations, for instance R = NK+/N+
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
Enhanced fluctuationsnear The Critical Point
The task: to locate the critical point using correlation/fluctuation measurements:
R = (R - R)2
Rajagopal, Shuryak, Stephanov
s
R
12 I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
FAIR (Darmstadt, Germany) – Compressed Baryonic Matter
1. Two projects- FAIR/CBM & NICA/MPD
SIS-300
238U
Detector
Fixed target
238U92+
34 GeV/u
Center
of mass
Detector
Center of mass
NICA (JINR, Dubna, Russia) – MultiPurpose Detector
197A79+ 4.5 GeV/u
197A79+
4.5 GeV/u
13
Parameter SIS-300 NICA
Operation mode Fixed target Collider
Ions 238U92+ 197Au79+
Max. magnetic rigidity, T∙m
300 45
Ion energy, GeV/u 34 1 4.5
Etotal(cms) √s, GeV/u 8.2 4 11.0
Luminosity, 1027 cm-2∙s-1 >100 0.075 1.1
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
1. Two projects- FAIR/CBM & NICA/MPD (Contnd)
labkin_ion
2labtotal_ion
2 EMc2EMc2s1
422lab
total_ion2
42labkin_ion
2cmstotal
cMmEMc2
cMmEMc2Es
14 I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
1. Two projects- FAIR/CBM & NICA/MPD (Contnd)
The NICA Project goals
formulated in NICA CDR are the following:
1a) Heavy ion colliding beams 197Au79+ x 197Au79+ at
sNN = 4 11 GeV (1 4.5 GeV/u ion kinetic energy )
at
Laverage= 11027 cm-2s-1 (at sNN = 9 GeV)
1b) Light-Heavy ion colliding beams of the energy range and luminosity
2) Polarized beams of protons and deuterons:
pp sNN = 12 25 GeV (5 12.6 GeV kinetic energy )
dd sNN = 4 13.8 GeV (2 5.9 GeV/u ion kinetic energy )
15
2. NICA scheme &
layout
Synchrophasotron yoke
Nuclotron
Existing beam lines(Fixed target exp-s)
ColliderC = 251 m
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
“Old” linac
KRION-6T & HILac
Beam transfer line
MPD
Spin Physics Detector
(SPD)
2.3 m
4.0 m
Booster
16
2. NICA scheme & layout
(Contnd)
“Old” Linac LU-20
KRION + “New” HILACBooster
Nuclotron
Collider MPD
SPD Beam dump
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
17 I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
3. Heavy ions in NICA
Nuclotron (45 Tm)injection of one
bunch of 1.1×109 ions,
acceleration up to 14.5 GeV/u max.
Collider (45 Tm)Storage of
17 (20) bunches 1109 ions per ring
at 14.5 GeV/u,electron and/or stochastic cooling
Injector: 2×109 ions/pulse of 197Au32+ at energy of 6.2 MeV/u
IP-1
IP-2
Two superconducting
collider rings
3.1. Operation regime and
parameters
Booster (25 Tm)1(2-3) single-turn
injection, storage of 2 (4-6)×109,acceleration up to 100
MeV/u,electron cooling,
acceleration up to 600 MeV/uStripping (80%) 197Au32+
197Au79+
2х17 (20) injection
cycles
Bunch compression (RF phase jump)
18
Stage E MeV/u
unnorm mmmr
ad
p/p lbunch m
Intensityloss,%
Space charge Q
Injection (after bunching on 4th harmonics
6.2 10 1.3E-3 6 10 0.022
After cooling (h=1)
100 2.45 3.8E-4 7.17 <10 0.016
At extraction 600 0.89 3.2E-4 3.1 0.0085
Injection (after stripping)
594 0.89 3.4E-4 3.1 <20 0.051
After acceleration 3500 0.25 1.5E-4 2 <1 0.0075
At extraction 3500 0.25 110-3 0.5 Loss = 40%
Nextr= 1E9
0.03
3. Heavy ions in NICA
(Contnd)
Bunch parameters dynamics in the injection
chain
3.1. Operation regime and
parameters
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
19
3. Heavy ions in NICA
(Contnd)
Bunch compression in Nuclotron
Phase space portraits of the bunch
Bunch rotation by “RF amplitude jump” 15 120 kV
, 10 deg./div
E – E0 , 2 GeV/div
1 2
3.1. Operation regime and
parameters
A.Eliseev
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
20
3. Heavy ions in NICA
(Contnd)Bunch compression in Nuclotron
time, 0.1 sec/div.
E_r.m.c.
200 MeV/div.
_r.m.s.
5 deg./div.
(1 deg. 0.7 m)
_r.m.s.
0.5 eVsec/div
E – E0 , 2 GeV/div
Phase space portraits of the bunch (RF “phase jump” = 1800)
, 50 deg./div
3.1. Operation regime and
parameters
A.Eliseev
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
21
0
0,5
1
1,5
2
0 2 4 6
2. Heavy ions in NICA
(Contnd)Time Table of The Storage
Process
2.1. Operation regime and
parameters
B(t
), a
rb. u
nit
s0
0,5
1
1,5
2
0 2 4 6
Booster magnetic field
B(t
), a
rb. u
nit
s
Nuclotron magnetic field
t, [s]
t, [s]
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
electroncooling
1 (2-3) injection cycles,electron cooling (?)
Extraction, stripping to 197Au79+
bunch compression,extraction
injection
34 injection cycles to Collider ringsof 1109 ions 197Au79+ per cycle
1.71010 ions/ring
22
3. Heavy ions in NICA
(Contnd)
MPD
RF
I.Meshkov, O.Kozlov, V.Mikhailov,A.Sidorin, A.Smirnov, N.Topilin
SPDx,y kicker
10 m
Injection channels
Spin rotator
3.2. Collider
Upper ring
Beam dump
Long. kicker
S_Cool PUx, y, long
E_cooler
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
23
Ring circumference, [m] 251.52
B max [ Tm ] 45.0
Ion kinetic energy (Au79+), [GeV/u] 1.0 4.56
Dipole field (max), [ T ] 4.0
Quad gradient (max), [ T/m ] 29.0
Number of dipoles / length 24 / 3.0 m
Number of vertical dipoles per ring 2 x 4
Number of quads / length 32 / 0.4 m
Long straight sections: number / length
2 x 48.0 m
Short straight sections: number / length,
4 x 8.8 m
3. Heavy ions in NICA
(Contnd) 3.2. Collider
General Parameters
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
24
βx_max / βy_max in FODO period, m
16.8 / 15.2
Dx_max / Dy_max in FODO period, m
5.9 / 0.2
βx_min / βy_min in IP, m 0.5 / 0.5
Dx / Dy in IP, m 0.0 / 0.0
Free space at IP (for detector) 9 m
Beam crossing angle at IP 0
Betatron tunes Qx / Qy 5.26 / 5.17
Chromaticity Q’x / Q’y -12.22 / -11.85
Transition energy, _tr / E_tr 4.95 / 3.012 GeV/u
RF system harmonics amplitude, [kV]
102 100
Vacuum, [ pTorr ] 100 10
3. Heavy ions in NICA
(Contnd)3.2. Collider General parameters (Contnd)
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
25
Energy, GeV/u 1.0 3.5
Ion number per bunch 1E9 1E9
Number of bunches per ring 17 17
Rms unnormalized beam emittance, ∙mm mrad
3.8 0.25
Rms momentum spread 1E-3 1E-3
Rms bunch length, m 0.3 0.3
Luminosity per one IP, cm-2∙s-1 0.75E26 1.1E27
Incoherent tune shift Qbet 0.056 0.047
Beam-beam parameter 0.0026 0.0051
IBS growth time, s 650 50
2. Heavy ions in NICA
(Contnd)2.2. Collider General parameters (Contnd)
Collider beam parameters and luminosity
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
26
2) Injection and storage with barrier bucket
technique and cooling of a coasting (!) beam, 20
bunches, bunch number is limited by interbunch space in IP straight
section, bunch compression in Nuclotron is NOT required (!) Electron and/or stochastic cooling for storage and
luminosity preservation, bunch formation after storage are
required.
2. Heavy ions in NICA
(Contnd)
Two injection schemes are considered:
1) bunch by bunch injection, 17 bunches: bunch number is limited by kicker pulse duration, bunch compression in Nuclotron is required (!) Electron and/or stochastic cooling is used for luminosity
preservation.
2.2. Collider (Contnd)
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
27
Revolution period
V(t)
Stack
phase
Cavity
voltage
(p)io
n
InjectedbunchPhase domain
20
2. Heavy ions in NICA
(Contnd)2.2. Collider
(Contnd) Barrier Bucket Method
Revolution period
V(t)
time
Cavity
voltage
Time domain
Ion storage with “barrier bucket” (BB) method:Periodic voltage pulses applied to a low quality cavity (“meander”)when stochastic or electron cooling is ON.
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
28
2. Heavy ions in NICA
(Contnd)2.2. Collider
(Contnd) Barrier Bucket Method
Particle motion in “the phase domain”
0dp
dp
Cavityvoltage phas
e
(p)io
n
Phase domain
2
V(t)
0
Separatrix:
BB
22BB
Mc
ZeV
p
p
At BB = 2 the Formula
coincides with that one for harmonic RF
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
29
3. Heavy ions in NICA
(Contnd)3.2. Collider
(Contnd)
Ion trajectory in the phase space (p, )
2
V(t)Cavity
voltage
(p)io
n
_stack
0
Barrier Bucket Method (Contnd)
Stack
NICA: Trevolution = 0.85 0.96 s, VBB 16 kV
The method was tested experimentally at ESR (GSI)
with electron cooling (2008).
p (p)separatrix
Unstable phase area
(injection area)In reality RF voltage pulses can be (and are actually) of nonrectangular shape
Cooling is ON
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
30
1_norm E( )
2_norm E( )
E
_norm(E)
[∙mm∙mrad]
10
1.0
0.10.5 1.5 2.5 3.5 4.5
E, GeV/u
1.6
0.8
N1 E( )
N2 E( )
4.50.5 E
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8 0.5 1.5 2.5 3.5 4.5
E, GeV/u
N_ion/bunch vs Energy
[1E9]
!
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
2. Heavy ions in NICA
(Contnd)3.2. Collider
(Contnd)Collider luminosity vs Ion EnergyTwo outmost cases at QLasslett = Const :
1) L(E) = Const ;
2) Nion(E) = Const .
53norm32ion
1,
1)E(N
322norm )E(L,
1
2
0.01
L1 E( )
L2 E( )
4.50.5 E
10
1.0
0.1
0.01 0.5 1.5 2.5 3.5
4.5 E, GeV/u
L(E)
[1E27 cm-2∙s-1]
31
B [kG]
8
6
4
2
Te = 10 eV
2. Heavy ions in NICA
(Contnd) 2.2. Collider (Contnd)
BETACOOL
simulation
Parameters
ion beam: 197Au79+ at 3.5 GeV/u, initial =0.5 ∙mm∙mrad, (p/p) = 1∙10-3
electron beam: Ie = 0.5 A, re = 2 mm, Te|| = 5 meV; = 0.024 (6 m/250 m)
IBS Heating and cooling – luminosity evolution at electron cooling
0
1E+27
2E+27
3E+27
4E+27
5E+27
6E+27
0 5 10 15 20 25reference time, sec
6
Luminosity
[1E27 cm-2∙s-1] 4
2
0
I.Meshkov, Status of NICA Project
VIII Sarantsev Seminar Alushta, September 1, 2009Conclusion: Electron magnetization is much more preferable
!
32 I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
3. Heavy ions in NICA
(Contnd) 3.2. Collider: electron cloud effect
Electron cloud
effect
,lZr
b)N(
spacee
22
necessarybunch
33
3. Heavy ions in NICA
(Contnd) 3.2. Collider: electron cloud effect
Electron cloud formation criteria
The necessary condition:
The sufficient condition (“multipactor effect”):
,lZr
b)N(
spacee
22
necessarybunch
Here c is ion velocity, Z – ion charge number, b – vacuum chamber radius,
re – electron classic radius, lspace – distance between bunches,
me – electron mass, c – the speed of light,
crit ~ 1 keV – electron energy sufficient for secondary electron generation.
For NICA parameters (197Au79+ ions)
(Nbunch)necessary ~ 7108, (Nbunch)sufficient ~ 6109.
.cm2Zr
b)N(
2e
crit
esufficientbunch
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
34
3. Heavy ions in NICA
(Contnd)What is “old” and what is
new?3.2. Collider: the problems to be solved
Collider SC dipoles with max B up to 4 T, Lattice and working point “flexibility”, RF parameters (related problem), Single bunch stability, Vacuum chamber impedance and multibunch
stability, Stochastic cooling of bunched ion beam, Electron cooling at electron energy up to 2.5
MeV
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
35
4. Polarized particle beams in
NICA Longitudinal polarization
formation MPDYu.Filatov,I.Meshkov
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
BB
Upper ring
SPD
Spin rotator:
“Full Siberian snake”
“Siberian snake”: Protons, 1 E 12 GeV (BL)solenoid 50 T∙m
Deuterons, 1 E 5 GeV/u (BL)solenoid 140 T∙m
36
4. Polarized particle beams in NICA
(Contnd)Longitudinal polarization formation
(Contnd) MPD
SPD
B
Lower ring
“Full Siberian snake”
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
37
From NuclotronS
a1B
)BL(
ion
dipole
4. Polarized particle beams in NICA
(Contnd)
Spin rotator
B
Polarized particle beams injection
~ 900
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
Protons, 1 E 12 GeV (BL)dipole 3 T∙m
Deuterons, 1 E 5 GeV/u (BL)dipole 5.8 T∙m
38
Energy, GeV 5 12
Proton number per bunch 6E10 1.5E10
Rms relative momentum spread 10E-3 10E-3
Rms bunch length, m 1.7 0.8
Rms (unnormalized) emittance, mmmrad
0.24 0.027
Beta-function in the IP, m 0.5 0.5
Lasslet tune shift 0.0074 0.0033
Beam-beam parameter 0.005 0.005
Number of bunches 10 10
Luminosity, cm-2∙s-1 1.1E30
1.1E30
4. Polarized particle beams in NICA
(Contnd)
Parameters of polarized proton beams in collider
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
39
Type of resonance
Resonance condition
Number of resonances at acceleration
p 0 – 12 GeV
d 0 – 6 GeV/u
1.Intrinsic res. Qs = kp Qz 6 0
2.Integer res. Qs = k 25 1 (5.6 GeV/u)
3.Nonsuperperiodic
Qs = m Qz , m kp
44 2
4.Coupling res. Qs = m Qx 49 2
4. Polarized particle beams in NICA
(Contnd)Polarized particle acceleration in Nuclotron:
Spin resonances
Q – betatron and spin precession tunes,
k, m – integers, p – number of superperiods (8 for Nuclotron) Power of the Spin resonances: P1,2 ~ 103∙P3,4
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
40
y
s x
y y
s
y
sx
y
t
Qs - QresSpin tune dynamics
Protons, 12 GeV, Q ~ 0.01, t = 50 s
x ~ 0.2, BxLx = 0.18 T∙m, y ~ 0.2, Bs∙Ls = 4.7 T∙m,
x -y -2∙xy
x
QS = x∙y/2 per 1 turn
4. Polarized particle beams in NICA
(Contnd) Polarized proton acceleration in Nuclotron:
Crossing of spin resonances
BxBs Bs Bx
Bx
Fast spin rotator
x
y
s
Yu.Filatov
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
41
5. NICA project status and plans
January 2008
NICA CDR MPD LoI
Conceptual Design Reportof
Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA)(Short version)
January 2009
NICA CDR (Short version)
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
42
5. NICA project status and plans (Contnd)
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
Ускорительно-накопительныйкомплекс NICA
(Nuclotron-based Ion Collider
fAcility)
Технический проект
Том I
Дубна, 2009
Ускорительно-накопительныйкомплекс NICA
(Nuclotron-based Ion Collider
fAcility)
Технический проект
Том II
Дубна, 2009
August 2009
NICA TDR (volumes I & II)
43
5. NICA project status and plans (Contnd)
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
Approved byDirector of JINR
academician A.N.Sisakian____________________
Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA) "____ " 2009 г.
Technical Design ReportProject leaders: A.Sisakian,A.Sorin
TDR has been developed by the NICA collaborationp:JINR
Physicists and engineers: N.Agapov, E.Ahmanova, V.Alexandrov, A.Alfeev, O.Brovko, A.Butenko, E.D.Donets,
E.E.Donets, A.Eliseev, A.Govorov, I.Issinsky, E.Ivanov, V.Karpinsky, V.Kekelidze, G.Khodzhibagiyan, A.Kobets,
V.Kobets, A.Kovalenko, O.Kozlov, A.Kuznetsov, V.Mikhailov, V.Monchinsky, A.Sidorin, A.Smirnov, A.Olchevsky,
R.Pivin, Yu.Potrebennikov, A.Rudakov, A.Smirnov, G.Trubnikov, V.Shevtsov, B.-R.Vasilishin, V.Volkov,
S.Yakovenko, V.Zhabitsky
Designers: V.Agapova, G.Berezin, V.Borisov, V.Bykovsky, A.Bychkov, T.Volobueva, E.Voronina, S.Kukarnikov,
T.Prakhova, S.Rabtsun, G.Titova, Yu.Tumanova, A.Shabunov, V.Shokin IHEP, Protvino O.Belyaev, Yu.Budanov, S.Ivanov, A.Maltsev, I.Zvonarev,
INR RAS, TroitskV.Matveev, A.Belov, L.Kravchuk
Budker INP, Novosibirsk V.Arbuzov, Yu.Biriuchevsky, S.Krutikhin, G.Kurkin, B.Persov, V.Petrov, A.Pilan
Chief engineer of the Project V.Kalagin, Chief designer of the Project N.Topilin
Editors: I.Meshkov, A.Sidorin
44
5. NICA project status and plans (Contnd)
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
Since publication of the 1-st version of the NICA CDR
The Concept was developed, the volumes I and II of the
TDR have been completed:
Volume I – Part 1, General description
Part 2, Injector complex
Volume II – Part 3, Booster-Synchrotron
A brief review of the Project, its status and plans of
realization are presented here.
45
Infrastructure
Control systems
PS systems
Diagnostics
Collider
Transfer channel to Collider
Nuclotron-NICA
Nuclotron-M
Booster + trans. channel
LINAC + trans. channel
KRION
2015201420132012201120102009
operation
comms/operatn
mountg+commssiong
Manufctrng + mounting
design
R & D
5. NICA project status and plans
Booster: magnetic system
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
46
HILAC – Heavy ion linac RFQ + Drift Tube Linac (DTL),
under design and construction (O.Belyaev & the Team, IHEP,
Protvino).
5. NICA project status and plans
5.1. Injector
KRION - Cryogenic ion source of “electron-string” type
developed by E.Donets group at JINR. It is aimed to
generation of heavy multicharged ions (e.g.197Au32+).
RFQ Electrode
s
2H cavities of "Ural" RFQ(prototype)
Sector H-cavityof “Ural” RFQ
DTL(prototype)
E.D.DonetsE.E.Donets
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
To be commissioned in
2013.
KRION-6T Cryostat & vac. chamber
To be commissioned in
2013.
47
5. NICA project status and plans
5.2. Booster
Superconducting Booster
in the magnet yoke
of The SynchrophasotronSynchrophasotron
yoke
B = 25 Tm, Bmax = 1.8 T1) 3 single-turn injections 2) Storage and electron
cooling of 8×109 197Au32+
3) Acceleration up to 440 MeV/u
4) Extraction & stripping
A.ButenkoV.MikhailovG.KhodjibagiyanN.Topilin
Nuclotron
Booster
“Nuclotron-type” SC magnets for Booster
2.3 m
4.0 mVladimir I. Veksler
Dismounting is in progress presently
To be commissioned in
2013.
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
48
5. NICA project status and plans
5.2. Booster
(Contnd)
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
49
5. NICA project status and plans
5.2. Booster
(Contnd)
2.3 m
4.0 m
Heavy ion LinacBeam injection
Slow extraction
Fast extractionTransfer to Nuclotron
RF system
Electron coolingsystem
Experimental areabld. 1 B
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
50
5. NICA project status and plans
5.2. Booster
(Contnd)
Booster parameters
Circumference 214 m
Max B 27 T·m
Lattice type FODO
Superperiods 4
Periods 24
Strait sections 2 x 8,6 m
Dipol magnets 40 x 2 m
Maximum dipole field
1,8 T
Quadrupole magnets
48 x 0.4 m
Vacuum 10-11 Torr
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
51
Working point ~ 5.8 / 5.85
Chromaticity -6.5
p/p (max/min) 1E–3 / 8E–4
Norm. emittance
1 ·mm·mrad
Beta function (max)
14.5 m
5. NICA project status and plans
5.2. Booster
(Contnd)
Booster superperiod lattice functionsBooster superperiod lattice functions
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
Booster FODO latticeBooster FODO lattice
52
5. NICA project status and plans
5.2. Booster
(Contnd)
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
Ring equipmentRing equipment
53
5. NICA project status and plans
5.2. Booster
(Contnd)
Injection & extractionInjection & extraction
Injection schemeInjection scheme
Injection pulses
First Second Third
Closed orbit displacement
t
Three pulses of single turn injection
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
Extraction schemeExtraction scheme
54
Vacuum system equipment
Varian TriScroll 300 pumps
42
Pfeiffer TMU 071 YP DN63 CF HV pumps
28
Pfeiffer TMU 521 YP DN160 CF HV pumps
14
Ion pumps 80l/s 6
IKR 060, DN40 CF 36
Pirani gauge 6
HV valves CE44
DN63 & DN160 70
Vacuum, Torr 1E-11
5. NICA project status and plans5.2. Booster
(Contnd)Vacuum systemVacuum system
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
55
5. NICA project status and plans5.2. Booster
(Contnd)
SC hollow cable
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
SC magnet technologySC magnet technology
56
4. NICA project status and plans4.2. Booster
(Contnd)Main Power Supply systemMain Power Supply system
Main power supply unit:Maximum current 12 kA
Voltage 250 V
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
57
RF system parameters
Frequency range,MHz
0.6 2.4
Maximum voltage amplitude, kV
10
Number of cavities
2
Cavity length, m
1.4
RF tube type EIMAC 4XC15.000A
4. NICA project status and plans4.2. Booster
(Contnd)RF system (designed by Budker INP)
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
58
4. NICA project status and plans 4.2. Booster
(Contnd)
electron gun
collector
cryogenic shield
superconducting solenoids
“warm” solenoids
E.Ahmanova, I.Meshkov,A.Smirnov, N.Topilin, Yu.Tumanova, S.Yakovenko
Electron cooling system of the
Booster
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
59
5. NICA project status and plans 5.2. Booster
Contnd)Electron cooling system of the Booster (Contnd)
e-gun e-collector
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
60
To be commissioned in
2013.
5. NICA project status and plans
5.3. Nuclotron-
NICA
To be designed, constructed and commissioned:
1.Injection system (new HILAC)
2.RF system – new version with bunch
compression
3.Dedicated diagnostics
4.Single turn extraction with fine
synchronization
5.Polarized protons acceleration in
Nuclotron
G.Trubnikov & the Team
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
61
5. NICA project status and plans
5.4. Collider
“Twin magnets” for NICA collider rings
“Twin” dipoles
“Twin” quadrupoles
1 – Cos coils, 2 – “collars”, 3 – He header,
4 – iron yoke, 5 – thermoshield, 6 – outer jacket
Double ring collider; (B)max = 45 Tm, Bmax = 4 T
A.KovalenkoG.Khodjibagiyan
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
To be commissioned in
2014.
62
Under development in collaboration with - All-Russian Institute for Electrotechnique (Moscow)
- FZ Juelich
- Budker INP I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
5. NICA project status and plans5.4. Collider
Electron cooling system of the ColliderMax electron energy, MeV 2.5Max electron current, A 0.5Solenoid magnetic field, T 0.3
“Magnetized” electron beamSolenoid type: “warm” at acceleration columns superconducting at transportation and cooling
sections
HV generator: Dynamitron type
I.MeshkovA.SmirnovS.Yakovenko
6 m
3 m
To be commissioned in
2014.
63 I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
5. NICA project status and plans
5.5. “Collider
2T”
V.KalaginI.MeshkovV.MikhailovG.Trubnikov
MPD
SPD
25
m
G.Khodgibagiya
n
Collider:C_Ring 380 м
Dipoles 2 Тл
Luminosity?
From Nuclotr
on
“The ambush regiment”
64 I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
GSI/FAIR SC dipoles for Booster/SIS-100 SC dipoles for Collider
5. NICA project status and plans
5.5. NICA
Collaboration Budker INP Booster RF system Booster electron
cooling Collider RF system Collider SC magnets (expertise) HV electron cooler
for collider
Electronics (?)
IHEP (Protvino) Injector Linac
FZ Jűlich (IKP)
HV Electron cooler
Stoch. cooling Fermilab
HV Electron cooler
Stoch. cooling
All-Russian Institute for Electrotechnique
HV Electron cooler
Corporation “Powder Metallurgy” (Minsk, Belorussia): Technology of TiN coating of vacuum chamber walls for reduction of secondary emission
BNL (RHIC)
Electron &Stoch. Cooling
ITEP: Beam dynamics in the collider
GSI/JINR/BNL2005 - 2009
Round Table Discussions I, II, III, IV JINR, Dubna, 2005, 2006, 2008
http://theor.jinr.ru/meetings/2008/roundtable/
65
Colliding
particles
Heavy ions
Protons
Particle energy, GeV/u
100 250
√s, GeV/u 202 502
Luminosity (cm2 sec1)
2E26(Au79+
)
1E31
Bunch number 112 ?
Orbit length, m 3834
I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
6. RHIC – on the way to √s = 5
GeV/uRelativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC)
Standard parameters
Colliding
particles
Au79+ x Au79+
Energy range, GeV/u
1.6 9.1
√s, GeV/u 5 20
critRHIC or “Low-energy RHIC”
(since 2007)
critRHIC
RHIC-BES (2009)
BES = Barion Energy Scan
66 I.Meshkov, NICA Project RFRC School-Seminar October 16, 2009
6. RHIC – on the way to √s = 5 GeV/u
(Contnd) RHIC-BES”
Stochastic cooling? A big question too intense and bunched
beams! Electron cooling? High Energy electron cooling: 0.9 5 MeV
E-Cooler at Femilab
4.34 MeV x 0.5 A DC current
9 m
RHIC e-cooler
Schedule: commissioning in 2013
Budget: $ 5M (not funded yet!)
Problems:Low emittance formation IBS and Luminosity preservation
Cooling
Stochastic cooling?Electron cooling??
67 I.Meshkov, NICA Project Status ANKE/PAX Workshop Dubna, June 22-26, 2009
NICA = “Go and win!” (Greek)
Thank you for your attention!
Recommended