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Mariella Volpe - Simona De Luca Public Investment Evaluation Unit
Ministry of Economy-Department for Development Policies (DPS)
Italian Evaluation Units Open Days July 3-6 2006
Measurement of public revenues and expenditures flows at territorial level
Construction and use of Regional Public Accounts (RPA)
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Indicators of the potential of the areas concerned with development policies
They describe final objectives in terms of • well-being• desired characteristics of regional economic systems• quality of services• desired distribution of public resourse
context indicators
• Pinning down regional weaknesses and strengths
• Reducing the degree of fuzziness of regional policy objectives
• Increasing the accountability of all the stakeholders involved in decision makin
policy effort indicatorsRegional Public Account (RPA)
• ascertain whether policies have been pursued appropriately
• identify the types of expenditure most successful in generating synergies
• undertake initiatives to analyse flows at the sub-regional level (What is the role of each level of government?)
Both database are of public domain on the website and updated versions are released twice a year
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EX-ANTE EVALUATION OF THE CSF 2000-2006
Why RPA
Structural demand absence of systematic, updated financial
accounts for all italian regions
fragmentary and no systematic nature of information available at territorial level;
lack of effectiveness and homogeneity of public statistical sources on regional flows.
Structural demand absence of systematic, updated financial
accounts for all italian regions
fragmentary and no systematic nature of information available at territorial level;
lack of effectiveness and homogeneity of public statistical sources on regional flows.
Short-term demand• to provide a structural solution to the
problems associated with verifying compliance with the principle of additionality of Community funds with respect to national resources (art. 9 of CEE Reg. 2082/93; art. 11 of 1260/99).
Short-term demand• to provide a structural solution to the
problems associated with verifying compliance with the principle of additionality of Community funds with respect to national resources (art. 9 of CEE Reg. 2082/93; art. 11 of 1260/99).
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Today
Today the RPAs are a tool for the analysis of public policy, with many other multiple objectives:
measure and analyse the allocation of public expenditure between the South and the Centre-North of the country and among individual regions;
measure and analyse the breakdown of public capital expenditure between investment and transfers;
measure and analyse the sectoral composition of capital expenditure for investment and provide a reference base for analysing the effectiveness of that expenditure
From 2005 the RPAs are a product of Italy's National Statistical System (SISTAN), the network of public and
private entities that provide official statistical information.
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Today
• comprehensive;• flexible;• territorially detailed.
The RPA database provides information on revenues and expenditures (on current and capital account) of government entities in the individual Italian regions. The database is
Tables with regional information extracted from the RPA database are of public domain on the website (http://www.dps.tesoro.it/cpt-eng/cpt.asp). The RPAs provides annual data with a lag of about 12-18 months.
Visitors, following a guided search process, can select tables prepared on the basis of a number of access criteria: expenditures, revenues, sectors of intervention, economic categories, level of government – for both the public sector and general government.
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National Evaluation
Unit(coordination)
NATIONAL EVALUATION UNIT + ALL (21) ITALIAN REGIONS
Organisation: a multi actor system to put together national and local information
RegionalTeam
RegionalTeamRegional
Team
Regional Team
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National Eval. UnitAnalyses data from the
allowing bodies:
Regional TeamsAnalyse data from the
allowing bodies:
Region Regional Authorities Municipal Companies Ports Chambers of
Commerce Local management
companies
Central State Hospitals Health Clinics Counties Municipalities Universities Retirement and social
benefits services Authorities for
Electricity, Public road management etc.
RPA building
Data validation
RPA data base
RPA data base
Role of different actors
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Consolidate account of the public sector at regional level at the time T-2
What is the output
RPA
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Consolidate account of the public sector at regional level at the time T-2
What is the output
RPA
It is a financial “real” account; it means there are no data reclassifications or estimations.
The nature of the data is financial: the reconstruction of financial flows is therefore usually based on the final balance sheets of the bodies considered.
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Consolidate account of the public sector at regional level at the time T-2
What is the output
RPA
A process of consolidation needs to be undertaken.
Each body is considered, by way of elimination of intermediate flows between the various levels of government, as the final agent of expenditure.
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Consolidate account of the public sector at regional level at the time T-2
What is the output
RPA
Public Sector
To determine financial flows in each region, the field of reference considered by the RPA is comprised of the so-called Public Sector, a term borrowed from the definition of “Public Area” used by the E.U. for the verification of compliance with the Additionality Principle and divided into two large components: the component defined as “Public Administration” and that defined as “Non-Public Administration”.
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What is the output
RPA
Consolidate account of the public sector at regional level at the time T- 2
PUBLIC SECTOR
PAPS
FIN
AN
CIA
L F
LO
WS
(e
xp
en
dit
ure
s a
nd
re
ven
ues)
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THE PUBLIC SECTORYear 2003
Public Administration Non-Public Administration Sector
Central Public Administrations State Monopoly firmsState Special or Municipalised CompaniesSocial Security Authorities National Flight Assistance AuthorityANAS (National Road Works Company) ENEL (National Electricity Board)Other agencies of the Central Administration ENI (Energy Sector)
Italian Tobacco AuthorityDecentralised Public Administrations State RailwaysRegions Italian PostAuthorities subordinate to the Regions Ex-IRI (Institute for Industrial Redevelopment) agenciesLocal Health Authorities Companies owned by the RegionsPublic HospitalsProvincesMunicipalitiesMountain CommunitiesProvincial Tourism AuthoritiesIndependent Agencies for Public HousingUniversitiesUniversity Student Assistance FoundationsLocal Authority Autonomous Consortia
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All local public utilities
THE PUBLIC SECTORYear 2003
This component is not examined in a comprehensive manner by any other source than RPA/DPS database
absolute monopoly
2.200 new bodies
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What is the output
RPA
Consolidate account of the public sector at regional level at the time T- 2
A regional account is realized for each italian region.
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Time lag depends on the financial nature of data: final accounts of the entities considered on a cash basis.
In order to provide even more timely information that can be used to analyze current developments, the Department for Development Policies has created a statistical indicator for public capital expenditure that has a lag of just 3 months.
What is the output
RPA
Consolidate account of the public sector at regional level at the time T- 2
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Data is organized by…
Defined as data keys
Highly flexible and detailed data base
• Year (starting 1996 to 2003)• Sector of activity• Regional detail• Level of government• Source of expenditure
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Current uses of the RPAs
1. Monitoring development policies
2. Supporting decisions of policy makers
3. Improving studies and analysis of regional impacts
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Financial monitoring of public investment at territorial level
objectives for policy makers
establish reference values for public inputs to use in assessing the outputs and outcomes of expenditure and policy-making
ascertain whether policies have been pursued appropriately where expenditure or certain components of expenditure are the result of policy decisions
identify the types of expenditure that are most successful in generating synergies among financing from different sources
understand the variables behind the territorial distribution of expenditure, I.e. identifying the determinants of expenditure levels
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objectives for analysts
Improve the quality and availability of government statistics to:
support the basic policy objective of increasing growth in all regions and reducing persistent growth gap between areas
adequately reflect the changes under way at the territorial level, providing data appropriate to information needs and sufficiently frequent updating
meet the requirements of the relevance, integrity, quality and accessibility of information
Regional information on public financial flows is an essential need
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• Monitoring development policies /1
How is government expenditure distributed around the country?
How to use RPAs database for
71,6%
28,4%
North-Centre
South
71,6%
28,4%
Capital expenditure and the territory: the role of investment and transfers
242 410
570669400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
North-Centre South
Investment Trasfers
981911
Is there a different policy mix in South and North?
5.000,0
10.000,0
15.000,0
20.000,0
25.000,0
30.000,0
'96-'98 '99-'01 '02-'03 '96-'98 '99-'01 '02-'03
Investment TransfersNorth-Centre South
74,3
%
25,7
%
72,6
%
27,4
%
26,3
%
73,7
%
58,6
%
41,4
%
57,7
%
42,3
%
57,4
%
42,6
%
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• Monitoring development policies / 2
Capital expenditure and areas of intervention: priorities
How to use RPAs database for
Capital expenditure and levels of government: who, how and how much
average 1996-1998 (millions of 1999 euros)
588 737 791
901206
149 8635
149
334
900
1,099 1,3511,922 1,884
3,2302,548
1,013
2,909
1,473
2,840 1,637 1,468
151
0
1.000
2.000
3.000
4.000
5.000
6.000
7.000
South North-
Centre
South North-
Centre
South North-
Centre
South North-
Centre
South North-
Centre
South North-
Centre
InvestmentTransfers
Industry
and art.
Res. Building
and urban dev.
EnergyGeneral Admin. Other
Transport
Roads
2,736
1,638
2,819
997
2,0711,970
3,381
1,508
3,058
1,347
3,448
24%
37%
19%
22%
34%
26%
23%15%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Central Gov. Regional Gov. Local Gov. Public sector entities
Public sector: capital expenditure by level of government
South
2.000
4.500
7.000
9.500
12.000
14.500
96-98 avg. 99-'01 avg. 02-'03 avg.
Central Gov. Regional Gov.
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• Supporting decisions of policy makers /1How to use RPAs database for
Monitoring the italian policy mix
Principle of additionality of Community funds
29
31
33
35
37
39
41
43
45
47
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Qu
ote
pe
rce
ntu
ali
DPEF – JUNE 2003
MEASURED VALUES PLANNED VALUES
Ratio of capital expenditure in the South: measured and planned values
Cosa pensavamo nel 1999
Previsione ex ante - QCS 2000-2006
Cosa pensavamo nel 1999
Previsione ex ante - QCS 2000-2006
Cosa pensavamo ieri
Revisione della previsione aprile 2004
Cosa pensavamo ieri
Revisione della previsione aprile 2004
Cosa pensiamo oggi
Revisione della previsione giugno 2004
Cosa pensiamo oggi
Revisione della previsione giugno 2004
-3,49-3,49 -4,77-4,77
19591,5 18907,3 18656,7
Fondi strutturali
Cofinanziamento
Risorse aree sottoutilizzate
Risorse ordinarie
19591,5 18907,3 18656,7
Fondi strutturali
Cofinanziamento
Risorse aree sottoutilizzate
Risorse ordinarie
Componente ex post sempre più ampia
19591,5 18907,3 18656,719591,5 18907,3 18656,7
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• Supporting decisions of policy makers /2How to use RPAs database for
Allocation of public funds between regions
Economic planning documents
Verification of the economic policy rules for the development of the South
The goal is to ensure that the South receives 30 % of ordinary
resources and 45% of total capital expenditure (ordinary
and additional resources)
Which the relation between allocation of public funds and
economic complexity of different regions?
•Allocation for the evaluation units network
• CIPE resolution of the national financial law 2003 for monitoring
projects
•RPAs performance reserve
• DPS Annual Report
• DPEF
• Annual Report on the General Economic Situation of the Country RGSP
• Regional DPEF
• ………………..
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• Improving studies and analysis of regional impacts
How to use RPAs database for
Study session on the RPAsTo put together statistical methodology and economic policies
The feasibility and
sustainability of fiscal
federalism
The feasibility and
sustainability of fiscal
federalism
The principle of horizontal
equity in a federal context
The principle of horizontal
equity in a federal contextTerritorial effects of the
distribution of resources
Territorial effects of the
distribution of resources
The final outcome of
appropriations
The final outcome of
appropriations
The transformation of public
expenditure into services for
the public and infrastructure
The transformation of public
expenditure into services for
the public and infrastructure
Efficiency of the regional
public sector
Efficiency of the regional
public sector
An efficient database gave the opportunity to sustain, with a territorial focus, relevant policy questions
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FOR FURTHER INFORMATION
Website of the RPAs project http://www.dps.tesoro.it/cpt-eng/cpt.asp DPS Annual Reports, 2004 Annual Report on Actions in Under-Utilised Areas, available at http://www.dps.tesoro.it/eng/english_corner.asp
S. De Luca, F. Nusperli, A. Sferrazzo, A. Tancredi, M. VolpeMeasuring the results of public intervention: data for evaluating the territorial impact of policies, Materiali UVAL, Issue 6 available at http://www.dps.tesoro.it/materialiuval/indice_eng.asp
F. Barbaro, C. Carlucci, F. David, S. De Luca, R. Di Manno, F. Nusperli, A. Tancredi, F. Utili, M. Volpe The public capital expenditure Indicator: the annual regional estimate (extract) Issue 1 Materiali UVAL, Issue 1 available at http://www.dps.tesoro.it/materialiuval/indice_eng.asp
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