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13.2a Developing a Redox table
the relative reactivity of metals can be used to determine which redox reactions are spontaneous
In all redox reactions, electrons aretransferred from a reducing agent(RA) to an oxidizing agent (OA)
list of elements in decreasing order of their reactivity, or ability to react chemically in aqueous solution
most active elements appear at the top of the table bottom right of ½ rxtn table
reactivity decreases as we move down the list decreases as we move up the right side of ½ rxtn
table under ordinary conditions each element in the
table can replace any element that appears below it above it on ½ rxtn table
Activity Series of Metals
a more active element displaces a less active element in a compound metals displace metals or H
Cu + 2 AgNO3 Cu(NO3)2 + 2 Ag
Mg + 2 HCl MgCl2 + H2
nonmetals displace nonmetals2 KI + Br2 2 KBr + I2
carbon displaces metals from oxides3 C + Fe2O3 3 CO + 2 Fe
always redox
Al + Zn(NO3)2 Al (NO3)3 + Zn
Aluminum is higher than zinc so it replaces zinc in the compound Zn(NO3)2
KBaSrCaNaMgAlMnZnCrFeCdCoNiSnPbHSbAsBiCuHgAgPdPtAu
displace H2
fromcoldH2O
fromsteam
fromacids
react
wit
h O
2 in t
he a
ir t
o m
ake
oxid
es
Fe is above Cu, so Cu metalwill not displace Fe2+
KBaSrCaNaMgAlMnZnCrFeCdCoNiSnPbHSbAsBiCuHgAgPdPtAu
displace H2
fromcoldH2O
fromsteam
fromacids
react
wit
h O
2 in t
he a
ir t
o m
ake
oxid
es
Gold is at thebottom, so it is
very unreactive.
KBaSrCaNaMgAlMnZnCrFeCdCoNiSnPbHSbAsBiCuHgAgPdPtAu
displace H2
fromcoldH2O
fromsteam
fromacids
react
wit
h O
2 in t
he a
ir t
o m
ake
oxid
es
Zn is above H,so Zn will react with acids
Zn + Fe2+ Fe + Zn2+
listing of metals by reactivity
free metal higher on the list displaces metal cation lower on the list
metals above H will dissolve in acid
Cu + Fe2+ no reactionZn + 2 H+ H2 + Zn2+
KBaSrCaNaMgAlMnZnCrFeCdCoNiSnPbHSbAsBiCuHgAgPdPtAu
displace H2
fromcoldH2O
fromsteam
fromacids
react
wit
h O
2 in t
he a
ir t
o m
ake
oxid
es
Fe is below Zn, so Zn metalwill displace Fe2+
Mg is aboveCu on theActivity Series
Mg will react with Cu2+ to form Mg2+
and Cu metal
but Cu will not react with Mg2+
Mg + H3PO4
Cu + H2SO4
Al + Fe2+
Predict whether the following will occur
Mg + H3PO4 Mg3(PO4)2 + H2
Cu + H2SO4 no reaction
Al + Fe2+ Al3+ + Fe
Sol’nSol’n
http://www.chem.iastate.edu/group/Greenbowe/sections/projectfolder/flashfiles/redox/home.html
Predict whether the following will occur
Cu + HCl CuCl2 + H2
H2 + CuO H2O + Cu
Sol’nSol’n
Predict whether the following will occur
Cu + HCl CuCl2 + H2 no
H2 + CuO H2O + Cu yes
Textbook p571 #2-7 LSM 13.2C (top half)
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