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14.2 Abstract ArtVocabulary
Simultaneity: The technique of depicting objects from separate vantage points in one work of art.
Biomorphic shape: Artistic stylization suggested by organic forms
Assemblage: A work of art composed of fragments of objects or materials originally intended for other purposes.
Joseph Stella (1880-1946)
Brooklyn Bridge,
1920, oil on canvas, 84 x
76” Italian
immigrant to the United States. He returned to Italy when
the abstract Futurist art movement
began.
Pablo Picasso (1881-1974) This versatile,
classically trained Spanish artist came to Paris in 1900. His early work, referred to as his “Blue Period” and “Rose
Period,” depicted downtrodden people on the fringes of society.
Later, under the influence of Cezanne’s
use of shifting perspective, Picasso and his colleague, Georges Braque
developed the Cubist visual style.
Cubism was a major influence on 20th
Century abstract art.
Pablo Picasso (1881-1974)
Spanish artist who came to Paris in 1900. His early
work, referred to as his “Blue
Period” and “Rose Period,” depicted
downtrodden people on the
fringes of society.
Pablo Picasso (1881-1974)Portrait of Gertrude
Stein,1906oil on canvas
Picasso began to incorporate the
influence of African mask
sculpture in his own artwork.
Pablo Picasso(1881-1974)
Les Desmoiselles d’Avignon,1907
oil on canvasThis radical
picture marks Picasso’s
invention of the Cubist style--
which revolutionized
traditional European painting.
Pablo Picasso (1881-1974)
Self-portrait, oil on canvas.
Picasso and Georges Braque
developed Cubism, an avant-garde
style which moved art towards
abstract, non-representational
imagery.
Analytical Cubism was a radical step away from traditional representational art.
Using geometric shapes, dark and light shades, and forceful lines, a new type of image was created.
Picasso was most influential in his creation of a new way of depicting the human body, relying mostly on geometry and value to express form and space. Eventually the form dissolved in a maze of geometric shapes, and color was neutralized into a non-issue.
Pablo Picasso, Woman Playing the Mandolin,
oil on canvas, 1909
Georges BraqueHouses at L’estaque
1908
Analytic CubismDeveloped jointly by Picasso and Braque, these artists analyzed the forms of their subjects from every possible vantage point and to combine the various views into one pictorial whole.
Paul CezanneGardanne1885-1886
Can you see the influence Cezanne had on Braque and Cubism in general?
Pablo PicassoGlass and Bottle of Suze1912
Synthetic Cubism In this new phase, cubism no longer relied on a decipherable relation to the visible world. Paintings and drawings were constructed from objects and shapes cut from paper or other materials to represent parts of a subject.
Pablo Picasso (1881-1974) During his long career,
Picasso went back and
forth between
representational and abstract visual
formats, often
playfully combining
the two ideas.
Marcel Duchamp (1887-1968)
Nude Descending a Staircase, 1912, oil on canvas, 58 x
35”This French artist presents not one
image, but a series of
movements, stopped in
successive stages of action. The
result is similar to stop-action or strobe- light
photography. This Cubist painting
was highly controversial when it was
exhibited in the 1913 NYC Armory
Show.
FuturismDuring the first decades of the twentieth
century, avant-garde artists in Italy initiated Futurism. They were interested in the
mechanized advancement of society and the destruction of all symbols of the past. The
leader of this movement was Umberto Boccioni.
Umberto Boccioni, Unique Forms of Continuity in Space,1913, bronze, 44” high
Futurism ended when Boccioni was killed during World War I.
De StijlThis abstract painting movement was led
by Dutch painter Piet Mondrian. Mondrian began as a realist, but gradually flattened his forms and
reduced them to geometrical, linear patterns of primary colors. He eventually
moved to New York City, and lived on 57th Street.
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